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Durand of Gloucester (d. circa 1096) was Sheriff of Gloucestershire in 1086 and was one of the
Durand of Gloucester (d. circa 1096) was Sheriff of Gloucestershire in 1086 and was one of the tenants-in-chief
In medieval and early modern Europe, the term ''tenant-in-chief'' (or ''vassal-in-chief'') denoted a person who held his lands under various forms of feudal land tenure directly from the king or territorial prince to whom he did homage, as opp ...
of King William the Conqueror
William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England
The monarchy of the United Kingdom, ...
in Gloucestershire and elsewhere, with a total of 63 holding listed in the Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manusc ...
of 1086.
Biography
He was the heir of his brotherRoger de Pitres
Roger de Pitres (also called Roger de Pistri) (d. bef. 1083), a Norman, was the Sheriff of Gloucester under William the Conqueror and constable of Gloucester Castle.
Life
Roger's origins are confirmed in his territorial appellation, de Pitres; he ...
(d. pre-1083), Sheriff of Gloucestershire from about 1071. He died in about 1096 when his heir became his nephew (Roger's son) Walter of Gloucester
Walter of Gloucester (also Walter FitzRoger or Walter de Pitres) (d. ) was an early Anglo-Norman official of the King of England during the early years of the Norman conquest of the South Welsh Marches. He was a sheriff of Gloucester and also a Co ...
(died 1129), hereditary Sheriff of Gloucestershire in 1097 and in 1105–6, and Castellan of Gloucester Castle
Gloucester Castle was a Norman-era royal castle situated in the city of Gloucester in Gloucestershire, England. It was demolished in 1787 and replaced by Gloucester Prison.
Early Norman motte and bailey castle
It was probably constructed ...
(also seemingly Constable of England under King Henry I Henry I may refer to:
876–1366
* Henry I the Fowler, King of Germany (876–936)
* Henry I, Duke of Bavaria (died 955)
* Henry I of Austria, Margrave of Austria (died 1018)
* Henry I of France (1008–1060)
* Henry I the Long, Margrave of the No ...
(1100–1135))
Walter's son was Miles FitzWalter of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford (died 1143) (''alias'' Miles of Gloucester), a great magnate based in the west of England, hereditary Constable of England
The Lord High Constable of England is the seventh of the Great Officers of State, ranking beneath the Lord Great Chamberlain and above the Earl Marshal. This office is now called out of abeyance only for coronations. The Lord High Constable was ...
and Sheriff of Gloucestershire. Miles inherited vast landholdings in Wales from his wife Sibyl de Neufmarché
Sibyl de Neufmarché, Countess of Hereford, '' suo jure'' Lady of Brecknock ( c. 1100 – after 1143), was a Cambro-Norman noblewoman, heiress to one of the most substantial fiefs in the Welsh Marches. The great-granddaughter of Gruff ...
, daughter and heiress of Bernard de Neufmarché
Bernard de Neufmarché (), also Bernard of Newmarket or Bernard of Newmarch was the first of the Norman conquerors of Wales. He was a minor Norman lord who rose to power in the Welsh Marches before successfully undertaking the invasion and con ...
(died 1125), Lord of Brecon
Brecon (; cy, Aberhonddu; ), archaically known as Brecknock, is a market town in Powys, mid Wales. In 1841, it had a population of 5,701. The population in 2001 was 7,901, increasing to 8,250 at the 2011 census. Historically it was the coun ...
, and acquired others himself, but the nucleus of his feudal barony
A feudal baron is a vassal holding a heritable fief called a ''barony'', comprising a specific portion of land, granted by an overlord in return for allegiance and service. Following the end of European feudalism, feudal baronies have largely been ...
(known as the "Barony of Miles of Gloucester") was the fiefdom
A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a form of ...
of his great-uncle Durand of Gloucester.
Both Durand and his brother Roger de Pitres were buried in Gloucester Abbey
Gloucester Abbey was a Benedictine abbey in the city of Gloucester, England. Since 1541 it has been Gloucester Cathedral.
History Early period
A Christian place of worship had stood on the abbey site since Anglo-Saxon times. Around 681, with ...
(St. Peter's Abbey) in GloucesterDavid Walker, 'Gloucester and Gloucestershire in Domesday Book', Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, Vol. 94 (1976), p. 112 (since 1541 Gloucester Cathedral
Gloucester Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of St Peter and the Holy and Indivisible Trinity, in Gloucester, England, stands in the north of the city near the River Severn. It originated with the establishment of a minster dedicated to ...
).
Sources
*{{Citation , last=Morris , first=W.A , title=The Office of Sheriff in the Early Norman Period , journal=The English Historical Review , volume=33 , number=130 , date=April 1918 , pages=145–175 , doi=10.1093/ehr/xxxiii.cxxx.145, url=https://zenodo.org/record/1431748References