Brigadier Brigadier is a military rank, the seniority of which depends on the country. In some countries, it is a senior rank above colonel, equivalent to a brigadier general or commodore, typically commanding a brigade of several thousand soldiers. In ...

Duncan MacIntyre (10 November 19158 June 2001) was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He served as the eighth

deputy prime minister of New Zealand The deputy prime minister of New Zealand ( mi, Te pirimia tuarua o Aotearoa) is the second most senior member of the Cabinet of New Zealand. The officeholder usually deputises for the prime minister at official functions. The current deputy pr ...

from 1981 to 1984 under Prime Minister

Robert Muldoon Sir Robert David Muldoon (; 25 September 19215 August 1992) was a New Zealand politician who served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand, from 1975 to 1984, while leader of the National Party. Serving as a corporal and sergeant in th ...

Biography

Early life and career

MacIntyre was born at

Hastings Hastings () is a large seaside town and borough in East Sussex on the south coast of England, east to the county town of Lewes and south east of London. The town gives its name to the Battle of Hastings, which took place to the north-west ...

on 10 November 1915. He was the eldest of six children between Esther Mary Bell and the Scottish-born Archibald MacIntyre, a farmer near

Bridge Pā Bridge Pa (sometimes spelled "Bridge Pā") is a rural Māori settlement and surrounding area in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand, located approximately 10 kilometres inland from Hastings. The '' pā'' itself comprises a school, a meetinghouse of the ...

. He attended school in Hastings before being sent by his father to

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the ...

where he attended Larchfield School. He returned to New Zealand where he received his secondary school education at

Christ's College, Christchurch Christ's College, Canterbury is an independent Anglican secondary day and boarding school for boys, located in the city centre of Christchurch, New Zealand. Founded in 1850 by Reverend Henry Jacobs in Lyttelton as a school for early settlers, ...

. He started work in 1933 as a farm cadet and from 1936 managed a farm at Punakitere, Northland until 1939. MacIntyre married Diana Grace Hunter, the daughter of a Hawke's Bay farming family on 10 January 1939 in Havelock North. The two were to have three daughters and two sons. In 1939, at the outbreak of the

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, he left farming and joined the

New Zealand Army , image = New Zealand Army Logo.png , image_size = 175px , caption = , start_date = , country = , branch = ...

Military career

MacIntyre enlisted in the 15th (North Auckland) Regiment. He was to serve with the Divisional Cavalry Regiment (or "Div Cav") in North Africa and Italy. He had risen to the rank of major by December 1944 and was appointed commander of C Squadron of the div cav (D Squadron was later led by

Jack Marshall Sir John Ross Marshall New Zealand Army Orders 1952/405 (5 March 1912 – 30 August 1988) was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He entered Parliament in 1946 and was first promoted to Cabinet in 1951. After spending twelve years ...

, a future parliamentary colleague and prime minister). He led the div cav offensive in April 1945 which helped to spearhead the final New Zealand Division offensive in Italy. The attack swept northwards against German resistance which had mostly collapsed. For his leadership in the offensive he was made a

Companion of the Distinguished Service Order The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, as well as formerly of other parts of the Commonwealth, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, ty ...

. In particular he was noted for leading a 'vigorous counter-attack' on the night of 17/18 April across the Gaiana River before climbing onto a knocked-out Sherman tank and used its machine gun to pin down enemy positions the following day. He was later promoted to lieutenant colonel and on 7 August 1945 MacIntyre took command of the whole div cav, still stationed in Italy. Upon the formation of

J Force J Force (sometimes referred to as "Jayforce") was the name given to the New Zealand forces that were allocated to the British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF) which occupied Japan following the end of the Second World War. The force was deploy ...

(New Zealand's portion of the British Commonwealth Occupation Force in Japan) he volunteered to lead the Cavalry component, which was also to include 270 troops from the 28th

Māori Battalion The 28th (Māori) Battalion, more commonly known as the Māori Battalion, was an infantry battalion of the New Zealand Army that served during the Second World War. It formed following pressure on the Labour government from some Māori Memb ...

. He arrived in Japan in March 1946, but by late April was in hospital with appendicitis. He briefly returned to duty but was to relinquish command on 28 June. MacIntyre returned to New Zealand and resumed farming and joined the local branch of

Federated Farmers Federated Farmers of New Zealand is a lobby and advocacy group for all farmers: arable including fruit and vegetables, dairy and meat and their often remote communities. It has a network of 24 regional organisations and six industry groups. F ...

. He purchased a sheep farm near Pōrangahau in southern Hawke's Bay in the early 1950s and was elected to the Hawke's Bay Catchment Board. His military career continued on part-time with the Territorial Force, commanding various components including the Hawke's Bay Regiment, Armoured Car Regiment, Infantry Brigade and Armoured Brigade as well as gaining the rank of brigadier. In the 1956 New Year Honours, MacIntyre was appointed an

Officer of the Order of the British Empire The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organisations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established o ...

(Military Division).

Political career

MacIntyre represented the

electorate in Parliament from to 1972. With

and Peter Gordon he was one of the three "Young Turks" of the National Party who entered Parliament in 1960. The trio would regularly discuss the issues of the day over late-night drinks and their wives also were to become friends. They became noted for their willingness to challenge senior National ministers as well as members of the Labour opposition on issues. In 1961 he was one of ten National MPs to vote with the Opposition and remove

capital punishment Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned practice of deliberately killing a person as a punishment for an actual or supposed crime, usually following an authorized, rule-governed process to conclude that t ...

for murder from the Crimes Bill that the Second National Government had introduced. He served under three

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...

s (

Keith Holyoake Sir Keith Jacka Holyoake, (; 11 February 1904 – 8 December 1983) was the 26th prime minister of New Zealand, serving for a brief period in 1957 and then from 1960 to 1972, and also the 13th governor-general of New Zealand, serving from 1977 ...

, and later

) as Cabinet Minister. He was

Minister of Lands The Minister of Lands in New Zealand was a cabinet position appointed by the Prime Minister to be in charge of the Department of Lands and Survey. List of ministers The following ministers held the office of Minister of Lands. ;Key Ta ...

and

Minister of Forests The Minister of Forests was a former ministry portfolio within the Cabinet of Victoria. Ministers Reference list Victoria State Government Forests A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of fo ...

from 1966 to 1972,

Minister of Māori Affairs Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of government w ...

, Minister of Island Territories from 1969 to 1972 and Minister of Island Affairs and Minister for the Environment in 1972. He gained a reputation as capable and hardworking and was a strong advocate for diversifying forest planting as well as its applications on private land, seeing its potential to boost the incomes of farmers as well as providing employment and supporting the processing industry. In 1971 and 1972 MacIntyre was

Administrator of Tokelau The Administrator of Tokelau is an official of the New Zealand Government, responsible for supervising the government of the dependent territory of Tokelau. Powers and functions Certain of the Administrator's powers and functions are set f ...

. He promoted the Māori Affairs Amendment Act 1967, which threatened to increase the alienation of Māori land, but MacIntyre foresaw that there would be economic opportunities for Māori in both the forestry and fisheries industries. He would emphasise 'self-help' to Māori and urged iwi and hapū to develop their lands productively to avoid the risk of losing them. Duncan MacIntyre Raukawa

As Minister for the Environment he became unpopular during the

Save Manapouri campaign The Save Manapouri campaign was an environmental campaign waged between 1969 and 1972 in New Zealand to prevent the raising of the levels of lakes Manapouri and Te Anau as part of the construction of the Manapouri Power Project. Origins The ...

and, just weeks out from an election, gazetted trout farming legislation which displeased anglers and conservationists. At a public meeting in Hastings during the election campaign the prime minister,

, told those in attendance "If anglers want the trout farm legislation repealed, then I suggest they vote for Mr. Kirk abour_Party_leader_

abour_Party_leader_Norman_Kirk">Norman_Kirk.html"_;"title="abour_Party_leader_Norman_Kirk">abour_Party_leader_Norman_Kirk"_They_did_and_not_only_was_National_beaten_heavily_but_MacIntyre_was_defeated_in_Hastings_at_the_._Out_of_parliament_he_returned_to_farming,_before_being_appointed_by_the_Meat_Producers'_Board_as_chairman_of_their_export_committee. After_three_years_He_returned_to_parliament_to_represent_the_Bay_of_Plenty_(New_Zealand_electorate)">Bay_of_Plenty_ The_Bay_of_Plenty_(_mi,_Te_Moana-a-Toi)_is_a__region_of_New_Zealand,_situated_around_a_bight_of_the_same_name_in_the_northern_coast_of_the__North_Island._The_bight_stretches_260 km_from_the_Coromandel_Peninsula_in_the_west_to_Cape_Runawa_...

_electorate_in_Parliament_from__to_1978,_and_the_

_electorate_in_Parliament_from__to_1978,_and_the_East_Cape_(New_Zealand_electorate)">East_Cape_ East_Cape_is_the_easternmost_point_of_the_main_islands_of_New_Zealand._It_is_located_at_the_northern_end_of_the_Gisborne_District_of_New_Zealand's__North_Island._It_can_also_refer_to_the_broader_Gisborne_cape. East_Cape_was_originally_named_"C_...

_electorate_from__to_1984. Under_Muldoon_he_was_appointed_again_to_the_cabinet._He_was_Minister_of_Māori_Affairs_ Minister_may_refer_to: *_Minister_(Christianity),_a_Christian_cleric **_Minister_(Catholic_Church) *_Minister_(government),_a_member_of_government_who_heads_a_ministry_(government_department) **_Minister_without_portfolio,_a_member_of_government_w_...

Biography

Early life and career

Military career

Political career

Later life

Notes

References

External links