Dunbar High School (Livingston, Texas)
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Livingston is a town in and the county seat of Polk County, Texas. With a population of 5,640 at the 2020 census, it is the largest city in Polk County. It is located about 46 miles south of
Lufkin Lufkin is the largest city in Angelina County, Texas and the county seat. The city is situated in Deep East Texas and about 60 miles west of the Texas-Louisiana border. Its estimated population is 35,021 as of July 1, 2019. Lufkin was founded ...
and was originally settled in 1835 as Springfield. Its name was changed in 1846 to Livingston, when it was designated as the county seat of Polk County. The Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation is located to the east of Livingston. This people traditionally occupied territory in what is now east Texas and Louisiana. The 2000 census reported a resident population of 480 persons within the reservation. The tribe has nearly 1200 enrolled members.


Geography

Livingston is located at (30.709518, –94.934443). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which, are land and 0.12% is covered by water. However, the town of Livingston is about east of
Lake Livingston Lake Livingston is a reservoir located in the East Texas Piney Woods. Lake Livingston was built and is owned and operated by the Trinity River Authority (TRA) of Texas under contract with the City of Houston for water-supply purposes. The lake is ...
, which is the largest drinking-water reservoir in Texas. Elevation: 148 ft The zip code is 77351 for the general area of Livingston.


Demographics

As of the
2020 United States census The United States census of 2020 was the twenty-fourth decennial United States census. Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2020. Other than a pilot study during the 2000 census, this was the first U.S. census to of ...
, there were 5,640 people, 1,951 households, and 1,268 families residing in the town. The population in the 2010 census was 5,335, and was estimated to be 5,128 in 2018. As of the census of 2000, the population density was 649.9 inhabitants per square mile (250.9/km). The 2,358 housing units averaged 282.1 per square mile (108.9/km). The racial makeup of the town was 70.38% White, 18.50% African American, 0.64% Native American, 0.83% Asian, 8.08% from other races, and 1.56% from two or more races. About 13.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 2,048 households, 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.4% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were not families. About 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.13. In the town, the population was distributed as 27.7% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.2 males. The median income for a household in the town was $31,424, and for a family was $37,868. Males had a median income of $30,318 versus $21,774 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,214. About 18.2% of families and 22.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.7% of those under age 18 and 17.4% of those age 65 or over. In the 2010 Census, Livingston lost 1.8% of its populatio
2010 Census for Livingston, Texas


Government and infrastructure

The United States Postal Service operates the Livingston Post Office. The Livingston Municipal Airport, operated by the City of Livingston, is located in
West Livingston West Livingston is a census-designated place (CDP) in western Polk County, Texas, United States, located along the eastern shore of Lake Livingston west of central Livingston.West Livingston CDP, Texas
."
U.S. Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...
. Retrieved on May 9, 2010.
Municipal Airport
." City of Livingston. Retrieved on May 9, 2010.
Nearby West Livingston has the Texas Department of Criminal Justice
Allan B. Polunsky Unit Allan B. Polunsky Unit (TL, formerly the Terrell Unit) is a prison in West Livingston, unincorporated Polk County, Texas, United States, located approximately southwest of Livingston along Farm to Market Road 350. - Note the 2010 U.S. Cens ...
.Polunsky Unit
." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on May 7, 2010.
Since 1999 this prison has been the location of Texas's
death row Death row, also known as condemned row, is a place in a prison that houses inmates awaiting Capital punishment, execution after being convicted of a capital crime and sentenced to death. The term is also used figuratively to describe the state of ...
. A few miles outside of Livingston is the IAH Polk County Secure Adult Detention Center, which houses around 700 immigrant men daily who have been detained by federal agents of
Immigration and Customs Enforcement The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is a federal law enforcement agency under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. ICE's stated mission is to protect the United States from the cross-border crime and illegal immigration tha ...
. Run by the private-prison company
Community Education Centers Community Education Centers, Inc. (abbreviated CEC) was a private corrections company based in West Caldwell, New Jersey that operated residential reentry facilities, jails, and in-prison drug treatment programs in seventeen American states and Berm ...
, the facility has frequently been criticized for its subpar treatment of migrants. It is ranked as one of the 10 worst detention centers in the nation, which are the subject of a nationwide campaign by activists to close them.


Local government

Livingston has a manager-council system of government. It elects a mayor
at-large At large (''before a noun'': at-large) is a description for members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent a whole membership or population (notably a city, county, state, province, nation, club or association), rather than ...
, and has a city council made up of members elected from
single-member district A single-member district is an electoral district represented by a single officeholder. It contrasts with a multi-member district, which is represented by multiple officeholders. Single-member districts are also sometimes called single-winner vo ...
s. The city council hires a professional city manager to handle operations. The current mayor is Judy Cochran.


Economy

The major employers in Livingston are lumber operations and the Polunsky Unit state prison in West Livingston. Livingston is the headquarters to two regional bank systems, the First National Bank and the First State Bank. First State Bank has its main office in downtown Livingston and branches in Livingston (west side of town on Highway 190), Onalaska, and
Shepherd A shepherd or sheepherder is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. ''Shepherd'' derives from Old English ''sceaphierde (''sceap'' 'sheep' + ''hierde'' 'herder'). ''Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations, i ...
. First National Bank has its main office on Highway 190 and branches in downtown Livingston and Onalaska.


Transportation

The city's airport, Livingston Municipal Airport (LMA) is located to the southwest of the city. It is classified as a general-aviation facility serving private aircraft. Major highways: *
U.S. Highway 59 U.S. Route 59 (US 59) is a north–south United States highway (though it was signed east–west in parts of Texas). A latecomer to the U.S. numbered route system, US 59 is now a border-to-border route, part of the NAFTA superhighway, NAFTA ...
** U.S. 59 is scheduled to be upgraded to
Interstate 69 Interstate 69 (I-69) is an Interstate Highway in the United States currently consisting of 10 unconnected segments with an original continuous segment from Indianapolis, Indiana, northeast to the Canadian border in Port Huron, Michigan, at ...
. *
U.S. Highway 190 U.S. Route 190 (US 190) is an east–west United States Highway in Louisiana and Texas. Segments of US 190 will be upgraded to Interstate 14 (I-14); the first segment was opened on January 26, 2017. Route description , - , TX , , - , ...
* State Highway 146


Education

The City of Livingston is served by the Livingston Independent School District. The Texas Legislature designated Polk County as within the boundary of Angelina College's district. Polk County Community College opened in the fall of 2014. The college offers various classes and two-year associate degrees.


Recreation

Lake Evelyn is within the borders of Camp Cho-Yeh, which began operation in the 1940s; it continues to operate as a summer camp and retreat center. Cho-Yeh means 'land of tall pines', and was so named because of the large pine trees on the property. Cho-Yeh is also used by Texas A&M Galveston for their yearly Fish Camp to introduce TAMUG students to the traditions of the university system.


Notable people

* Laci Kaye Booth, ''American Idol'' contestant 2019, top-five finalist * Paul Carr,
NFL The National Football League (NFL) is a professional American football league that consists of 32 teams, divided equally between the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). The NFL is one of the major ...
and University of Houston football player; he worked and lived in Livingston as the elementary school physical-education coach *
Billy Eli Billy Eli (born Billy V. Lambeth; 1962) is an Austin, Texas based Americana singer and songwriter from Livingston, Texas.San Antonio Express-News, by Jim Beal 1994 Career Eli worked on oil and gas pipelines before starting to write and play mus ...
, musician and songwriter * Clem Fain, Jr., Texas state senator, honorary chief of and Texas agent for the Alabama-Coushatta *
Percy Foreman Percy Eugene Foreman (June 21, 1902 – August 25, 1988) was a criminal defense attorney from Houston, Texas. Foreman was born near Bold Springs, Texas. Foreman moved to Livingston, Texas when he was six years old. He was the son of Ransom Pa ...
, criminal defense attorney * Annette Gordon-Reed, Harvard historian and law professor, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for History and the National Book Award for Nonfiction, was born here and grew up in nearby Conroe, Texas *
Lyda Green Lyda N. Green (born October 16, 1938 in Livingston, Texas) is a retired educator and Republican politician in the U.S. state of Alaska. Green, as a political newcomer, was elected to the Alaska Senate in 1994, defeating a 22-year Democratic incu ...
, Alaska state senator for 14 years *
Margo Jones Margo Jones (December 12, 1911 – July 24, 1955), nicknamed the "Texas Tornado", was an American Theatre director, stage director and Theatrical producer, producer, best known for launching the American regional theater movement and for introduc ...
, stage director who launched the careers of Tennessee Williams and Ray Walston, and directed Williams's '' The Glass Menagerie'' on Broadway * Long King, Principal chief of the Coushatta Indians"Alabama-Coushatta Indians"
''Texas Handbook Online''
*
Sally Mayes Sally Lee Mayes is an American actress and cabaret and concert singer. Biography Born in Livingston, Texas, Mayes began her career as a rock and jazz singer in Houston. She attended the University of Houston.Mark Moseley,
Super Bowl XVII Super Bowl XVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion 1982 Miami Dolphins season, Miami Dolphins and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion 1982 Washington Redskins season, Washington Reds ...
and the 1982 National Football League Most Valuable Player Award as a
placekicker Placekicker, or simply kicker (PK or K), is the player in gridiron football who is responsible for the kicking duties of field goals and extra points. In many cases, the placekicker also serves as the team's kickoff specialist or punter. Spe ...
* Lt. James N. Parker, Jr., Co-pilot of crew number 9 in the Doolittle Raid ('' Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo''), awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross * Gene Phillips, Professional basketball player * Isaac Newton Turner, Captain in the Civil War with Hood's Brigade * Samuel M. Whitside, Commanded Camp Livingston in the late 1860s during the reconstruction periodRussell, Major Samuel L., "Selfless Service: The Cavalry Career of Brigadier General Samuel M. Whitside from 1858 to 1902." MMAS Thesis, Fort Leavenworth: U.S. Command and General Staff College, 2002. * Brad Womack, star of
ABC ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet. ABC or abc may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting * American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster ** Disney–ABC Television ...
's '' The Bachelor'' seasons 11 and 15


Media

* KCTL Television * KETX Television * STRYK TV – Video Country Locally owned & operated by Mouser Media * KETX Radio (1440
KETX (AM) KETX (1440 kHz) is a terrestrial American AM radio station, relayed by an FM translator, broadcasting a classic rock format. Licensed to Livingston, Texas, United States, the station is currently owned by Ken Luck, who also serves as the license ...
* KEHH * PolkCountyToday.com (news website) * ''Polk County Enterprise'' (newspaper), East Texas News (online version of the "Polk County Enterprise") * Livingston Dunbar (1A-PVIL) state champions 1954 * Livingston Dunbar (1A-PVIL) state champions 1958 * Livingston Dunbar (1A-PVIL) state runner-up 1959 High-school basketball: * Livingston High (all schools in one division) 1939 * Livingston Dunbar (1A-PVIL) Runner Up 1952


Tourism and recreation


Destinations

*
Lake Livingston Lake Livingston is a reservoir located in the East Texas Piney Woods. Lake Livingston was built and is owned and operated by the Trinity River Authority (TRA) of Texas under contract with the City of Houston for water-supply purposes. The lake is ...
*
Lake Livingston State Park Lake Livingston State Park is located near Livingston in Polk County, Texas. It is in the southern portion of the Piney Woods region of the state, an hour north of Houston. The 635 acre park along Lake Livingston opened in 1977. Facilities ; ...
br>

Pedigo Park
* Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation


Attractions

*
Light of Saratoga The Light of Saratoga is a legend located in the Big Thicket of Southeast Texas. This legend of a mysterious light is also known as the Ghost Road of Saratoga, the Saratoga Light, and Bragg Light by local residents. Located on a dirt road, it is a l ...
at Bragg Road * 391 Historical Markers * Polk County Museum

* Swartout: Former River
Ferry A ferry is a ship, watercraft or amphibious vehicle used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, Italy, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi ...
Town, now a ghost town


Events

* Trinity Neches Livestock show and
Rodeo Rodeo () is a competitive equestrian sport that arose out of the working practices of cattle herding in Spain and Mexico, expanding throughout the Americas and to other nations. It was originally based on the skills required of the working va ...
(founded in 1945) * Polk County Fireworks on Lake Livingston * Annual Jingle Bell Fun Run and Walk * Hometown Christmas * 5k Dam Run


Entertainment references

Lake Livingston was featured on the third episode of the first season of the television show, '' River Monsters'', which airs on Animal Planet. The host,
Jeremy Wade Jeremy John Wade (born 23 March 1956) is an English television presenter, an author of books on angling, a freshwater detective, and a biologist. He is known for his television series ''River Monsters'', ''Mighty Rivers'', and ''Dark Waters''. He ...
, was searching for alligator gar.


References


External links


Livingston City website

Livingston-Polk County Chamber of Commerce

Livingston ISD

Lake Livingston Recreational Home Page

Dentists In Livingston TX
{{authority control Towns in Polk County, Texas Towns in Texas County seats in Texas Populated places established in 1835