Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park is a 2,871 km² (1,108 mi²)

national park A national park is a nature park, natural park in use for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state dec ...

Minahassa Peninsula The Minahasa Peninsula, also spelled Minahassa, is one of the four principal peninsulas on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi. It stretches north from the central part of the island, before turning to the east and forming the northern boundary of th ...

Sulawesi Sulawesi (), also known as Celebes (), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's eleventh-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Ar ...

island,

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

. Formerly known as Dumoga Bone National Park, it was established in 1991 and was renamed in honour of

Nani Wartabone Nani Wartabone (30 April 1907 – 3 January 1986) was an Indonesian politician and nationalist from Gorontalo (city), Gorontalo. He was declared a National Hero of Indonesia by President Megawati Sukarnoputri on 6 November 2003. Wartabone be ...

, a local resistance fighter who drove the Japanese from

Gorontalo Gorontalo (Gorontalo language, Gorontaloan: ''Hulontalo'') is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia on the island of Sulawesi. Located on the Minahasa Peninsula, Gorontalo was formerly part of the province of North Sulawesi until its ...

during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. The park has been identified by Wildlife Conservation Society as the single most important site for the conservation of Sulawesi wildlife and is home to many species

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to Sulawesi.

Flora and fauna

Common plant species in the park are ''

Piper aduncum ''Piper aduncum'', the spiked pepper, matico, hierba del soldado, achotlín, cordoncillo, higuillo or higuillo de hoja menuda, is a flowering plant in the family Piperaceae. Like many species in the family, the matico tree has a peppery odor. It ...

'', ''

Trema orientalis ''Trema orientale'' (sometimes spelled ''Trema orientalis'') is a species of flowering tree in the hemp family, Cannabaceae. The basionym of ''T. orientalis'', ''Celtis orientalis'' was originally described and published in ''Species P ...

'', Macaranga species and various orchids. Endangered plants in the park include the matayangan palm (''Pholidocarpus ihur''),

Makassar Ebony ''Diospyros celebica'' (commonly known as black ebony or Makassar ebony) is a species of flowering tree in the family Ebenaceae that is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. The common name Makassar ebony is for the main seaport on th ...

, iron wood (Intsia spp.), yellow wood (''Arcangelisia flava''), and carrion flower ('' Amorphophallus companulatus'').Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia
"Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park"
, retrieved 5 December 2013 Tarsius tarsier Tandurusa zoo

In the park there have been recorded 24 mammal, 11 reptile and 125 bird species. These include the endangered

anoa Anoa, also known as dwarf buffalo and ''sapiutan'', are two species of the genus '' Bubalus'' endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia: the mountain anoa (''Bubalus quarlesi'') and the lowland anoa (''Bubalus depressicornis''). Both liv ...

and

cinnabar hawk owl The cinnabar boobook (''Ninox ios''), also known as the cinnabar hawk-owl, is a hawk-owl endemic to the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia. It was described as a new species to science by American ornithologist Pamela C. Rasmussen in 1999 based on a ...

, which was only described scientifically in 1999 from a specimen collected from the park. Among the larger animals of the park are

babirusa The babirusas, also called deer-pigs ( id, babi rusa), are a genus, ''Babyrousa'', in the swine family found in the Indonesian islands of Sulawesi, Togian, Sula and Buru. All members of this genus were considered part of a single species until ...

s and the

Sulawesi warty pig The Celebes warty pig (''Sus celebensis''), also called Sulawesi warty pig or Sulawesi pig, is a species in the pig genus ('' Sus'') that lives on Sulawesi in Indonesia. It survives in most habitats and can live in altitudes of up to . It has bee ...

Maleo breeding

The

maleo The maleo (''Macrocephalon maleo'') is a large megapode and the only member of the monotypic genus ''Macrocephalon''. The maleo is endemic to Sulawesi and the nearby smaller island of Buton in Indonesia. It is found in the tropical lowland and ...

megapode is endemic to the island and is the park's mascot. Maleo birds have been bred successfully in this park, and as per February 2012, about 3,300 birds have been released to their habitat. Hungoyono camp in Bone Bolango is the largest maleo habitat which the conservationists have 4 breeding sites. Normally the birds need geothermal hot sand for their breeding as in Hungoyono camp.

Threats

The park is threatened by uncontrolled logging, poaching and illegal gold mining.

References

External links

Bogani Nani Wartabone National Park
{{authority control National parks of Indonesia Sulawesi Protected areas established in 1991 1991 establishments in Indonesia Geography of North Sulawesi Geography of Gorontalo (province) Tourist attractions in North Sulawesi Tourist attractions in Gorontalo (province)

Flora and fauna

Maleo breeding

Threats

See also

References

External links