The Duke University Health System combines the
Duke University School of Medicine
The Duke University School of Medicine, commonly known as Duke Med, is the medical school of Duke University. It is located in the Collegiate Gothic-style West Campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. The School of Medicine, along wit ...
, the
Duke University School of Nursing
The Duke University School of Nursing is located in Durham, NC and is affiliated with Duke University and Duke University Health System. The school offers an accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing, a Master of Science in Nursing, Doctorate i ...
, the Duke Clinic, and the member hospitals into a system of research, clinical care, and education.
Member hospitals
Duke University Hospital
The
Duke University Medical Center
Duke University Hospital is a 957-acute care bed academic tertiary care facility located in Durham, North Carolina. Established in 1930, it is the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System, a network of physicians and hosp ...
is located in
Durham, North Carolina
Durham ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of North Carolina and the county seat of Durham County, North Carolina, Durham County. Small portions of the city limits extend into Orange County, North Carolina, Orange County and Wake County, North Carol ...
, and affiliated with
Duke University
Duke University is a private research university in Durham, North Carolina. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day city of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James ...
. Formerly known as the Duke University Hospital and Medical School, it was established in 1930 with a bequest from
James B. Duke
James Buchanan Duke (December 23, 1856 – October 10, 1925) was an American tobacco and electric power industrialist best known for the introduction of modern cigarette manufacture and marketing, and his involvement with Duke Universit ...
. The Medical Center now occupies 7.5 million square feet (700,000 m
2) in 90 buildings on 210 acres (850,000 m
2). It is consistently ranked among the top ten health care organizations in the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
. In 2007,
U.S. News & World Report ranked Duke University Medical Center 7th-best medical center in the United States from among 5,462 medical centers. The Duke Clinic is located next to the Duke Medical Center and provides access to numerous specialties and outpatient services.
Duke University Hospital has 957 inpatient beds and offers comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic facilities, including a regional emergency/trauma center; a major surgery suite containing 51 operating rooms; an endosurgery center; an Ambulatory Surgery Center with nine operating rooms and an extensive diagnostic and interventional radiology area. In fiscal year 2016, Duke University Hospital admitted 41,408 patients and had 1,119,151 outpatient visits.
In 1925,
James B. Duke
James Buchanan Duke (December 23, 1856 – October 10, 1925) was an American tobacco and electric power industrialist best known for the introduction of modern cigarette manufacture and marketing, and his involvement with Duke Universit ...
made a $4 million bequest to establish the
Duke University School of Medicine
The Duke University School of Medicine, commonly known as Duke Med, is the medical school of Duke University. It is located in the Collegiate Gothic-style West Campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. The School of Medicine, along wit ...
,
Duke University School of Nursing
The Duke University School of Nursing is located in Durham, NC and is affiliated with Duke University and Duke University Health System. The school offers an accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing, a Master of Science in Nursing, Doctorate i ...
, and Duke University Hospital to improve
health care
Health care or healthcare is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people. Health care is delivered by health profe ...
in the Carolinas and the United States. This money was used to begin construction on the Duke Hospital and Medical School in 1927.
On July 21, 1930, the hospital opened to patients. On its first day, 17 of its 400 beds were filled.
In 1936, Julian Deryl Hart, a Duke surgeon introduced
ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelength from 10 nanometer, nm (with a corresponding frequency around 30 Hertz, PHz) to 400 nm (750 Hertz, THz), shorter than that of visible light, but longer than ...
lights in the operating rooms to kill airborne germs. In 1956, Duke surgeons were the first to use systemic
hypothermia
Hypothermia is defined as a body core temperature below in humans. Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia, there is shivering and mental confusion. In moderate hypothermia, shivering stops and confusion increases. In severe h ...
during cardiac surgery. This is now standard practice worldwide.
The Medical School and Hospital were renamed the Duke University Medical Center in 1957. The first
African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...
student was admitted to the Duke University School of Medicine in 1963. In 1969, the first recorded studies of human's abilities to function and work at pressures equal to a deep sea dive were conducted.
In the 1990s, Duke
geneticists
A geneticist is a biologist or physician who studies genetics, the science of genes, heredity, and variation of organisms. A geneticist can be employed as a scientist or a lecturer. Geneticists may perform general research on genetic processe ...
invented a three-minute test to screen newborns for over 30
metabolic diseases
Inborn errors of metabolism form a large class of genetic diseases involving congenital disorders of enzyme activities. The majority are due to defects of single genes that code for enzymes that facilitate conversion of various substances ( substra ...
at once. This test is now used throughout the United States. Duke's first
lung transplant
Lung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation, is a surgical procedure in which one or both lungs are replaced by lungs from a donor. Donor lungs can be retrieved from a living or deceased donor. A living donor can only donate one lung lobe. ...
and heart/lung transplant were conducted in 1992.
Duke Children's Hospital & Health Center
Duke Children's Hospital & Health Center is a hospital providing healthcare for children from birth through young adulthood. The hospital includes a neonatal intensive care unit and a pediatric intensive care unit. The McGovern-Davison Children's Health Center, housed within the hospital, provides outpatient care in more than 28 pediatric medical and surgical specialties. Duke Children's also offers primary care at several locations within Durham County.
The Duke Children's Miracle Network raises unrestricted funds for Duke Children's Hospital & Health Center through
Children's Miracle Network
Children's Miracle Network Hospitals (CMN Hospitals) (French: Réseau Enfants-Santé (RES)) is a nonprofit organization that raises funds for children's hospitals in the U.S. and Canada. Donations support the health of 10 million children each ...
. Funds are used to support research, clinical care, and family support programs.
Children admitted to the hospital may continue to attend school while receiving treatment. Established in 1959, the hospital school is part of the
Durham Public Schools
The Durham Public Schools district is a public school district in Durham, North Carolina. Formed in 1992 with the merger of Durham's previous two school districts, it is 8th largest school system in North Carolina as of November 2020. There ar ...
system. Thirty to forty students are enrolled in the school on average and eight teachers cover all grades from pre-Kindergarten through high school.
Duke Regional Hospital
Duke Regional Hospital (DRH) provides inpatient, outpatient, surgical and emergency care and features a level II intensive care nursery, Durham Regional Rehabilitation Institute and the Davis Ambulatory Surgical Center. Newborn care at Duke Regional Hospital is provided by physicians from Duke Children's Hospital. Duke Regional Hospital has 369 inpatient beds. In fiscal year 2016, Duke Regional Hospital admitted 15,792 patients and had 123,234 outpatient visits.
Duke Regional Hospital was previously known as Durham County General Hospital which opened on October 3, 1976. Durham County General Hospital was the result of a merging of Lincoln Hospital (an all African American hospital) and Watts Hospital (an all white hospital). During the 1990s, the region's population increased. The hospital responded by expanding its focus to also serve the metropolitan counties of: Orange, Person, Chatham, and Granville counties. The expanded service area resulted in changing the name to Durham Regional Hospital. In 1998, an agreement with Duke University Health System was signed and the two officially began a 20-year partnership. The agreement was amended in 2009, extending the partnership for a "rolling" 40-year term. On July 1, 2013, Durham Regional Hospital became Duke Regional Hospital.
Duke Raleigh Hospital
Duke Raleigh Hospital (DRaH) has been a member of the
Duke University Health System
The Duke University Health System combines the Duke University School of Medicine, the Duke University School of Nursing, the Duke Clinic, and the member hospitals into a system of research, clinical care, and education.
Member hospitals
Duke ...
family since 1998. Christened "
Mary Elizabeth Hospital
Mary Elizabeth Hospital, located on the corner of Wake Forest Road and Glascock Street in Raleigh, North Carolina, was designed by Dr. Harold Glascock and built in 1920. The building still exists on the corner and is known as a Raleigh Historic La ...
" when it opened in 1914, under the leadership of Doctor P.G. Fox it was later renamed Raleigh Community Hospital and, in 1978, moved to the current Wake Forest Road location. The hospital has 186 beds and over 500 physicians on the medical staff. Newborn care at Duke Health Raleigh Hospital is provided by physicians from Duke Children's Hospital. Duke Children's Consultative Services of Raleigh provides services from Duke Children's Hospital as well.
In 2004, the hospital mistakenly used
hydraulic fluid
A hydraulic fluid or hydraulic liquid is the medium by which power is transferred in hydraulic machinery. Common hydraulic fluids are based on mineral oil or water. Examples of equipment that might use hydraulic fluids are excavators and backhoe ...
instead of detergents to sterilize surgical instruments. Over 3,800 patients received letters informing them of their possible exposure to potentially harmful chemicals.
Other facilities
Duke Integrative Medicine
According to their mission statement, Duke Integrative Medicine provides patients with "customized, patient-centered healthcare that combines conventional medicine with proven complementary techniques."
However, Duke Integrative Medicine has been criticized for offering unproven
alternative medicine
Alternative medicine is any practice that aims to achieve the healing effects of medicine despite lacking biological plausibility, testability, repeatability, or evidence from clinical trials. Complementary medicine (CM), complementary and alt ...
therapies.
References
External links
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Duke University Medical System
Duke Raleigh Hospital
Health System
Health, according to the World Health Organization, is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".World Health Organization. (2006)''Constitution of the World Health Organiza ...
Hospital networks in the United States
Medical and health organizations based in Virginia