Duke of
Piney (french: Duc de Piney) was a title in the
Peerage of France
The Peerage of France (french: Pairie de France) was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 in the Middle Ages.
The prestigious title and position of Peer of France (french: Pair de France, links=no) was ...
. The holders were also sometimes called duc de Luxembourg, after the
House of Luxembourg
The House of Luxembourg ( lb, D'Lëtzebuerger Haus; french: Maison de Luxembourg; german: Haus Luxemburg) or Luxembourg dynasty was a royal family of the Holy Roman Empire in the Late Middle Ages, whose members between 1308 and 1437 ruled as ki ...
, from whom they were descended.
History
The duchy-peerage was created in 1581 for François de Luxembourg, third son of Antoine de Luxembourg,
Count of Ligny and
Brienne. He died in 1613 and was succeeded by his son:
Henri de Luxembourg (1583–1616), second duke, was father of Marguerite-Charlotte de Luxembourg (1607–1680), heiress to the title. She married firstly, Léon d'Albert de Luynes (1582–1630), who became third duc de Piney ''jure uxoris''; he was the younger brother of
Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes. Their son, Henri-Léon d'Albert de Luxembourg (1630–1697), fourth duke, resigned the peerage in 1661. His mother simultaneously resigned it to her daughter by her second marriage (the fourth duke's half-sister), Madeleine-Charlotte de Clermont de Luxembourg (1635–1701). She was the daughter of Charles-Henri de
Clermont-Tonnerre (died 1674).
Madeleine-Charlotte was married in 1661 to
François-Henri de Montmorency (1628–1695), comte de Bouteville and sovereign Count of Luxe; he became fifth duc de Piney ''
jure uxoris
''Jure uxoris'' (a Latin phrase meaning "by right of (his) wife"), citing . describes a title of nobility used by a man because his wife holds the office or title '' suo jure'' ("in her own right"). Similarly, the husband of an heiress could beco ...
'' and later a
Marshal of France
Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished ( ...
. He sued the other peers of France to obtain the precedence of the original Piney peerage created in 1581, by which he would have outranked most of France's dukes.
Their son Charles-François de Montmorency-Luxembourg (1662–1726), sixth duc de Piney-Luxembourg, had previously been created
duc de Beaufort
Duke of Beaufort (French: ''duc de Beaufort'') was a title in the French nobility.
History
The dukedom was first created in 1597 as a Peerage of France, peerage for Gabrielle d'Estrées, Marchioness of Monceaux, the mistress of King Henry IV o ...
, later
de Montmorency
The House of Montmorency, pronounced , was one of the oldest and most distinguished noble families in France.
Origins
The family name Montmorency derived from their castle in the '' pays de France'', recorded in Latin as ''Mons Maurentiacus'', ...
. He pursued his father's lawsuit claiming precedence based on the princely origin of his ancestors as well as the seniority of his title. But a 1711 edict assigned the Piney dukedom precedence only as of 1661.
He was father of Charles-François-Frédéric de Montmorency-Luxembourg (1702–1764), seventh duc de Piney and second duc de Montmorency, who also became a
Marshal of France
Marshal of France (french: Maréchal de France, plural ') is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished ( ...
. At his death the dukedom of Montmorency passed to the family of his granddaughter, while the lands of Piney were purchased by Anne-Charles-Sigismond de Montmorency-Luxembourg (1737–1803), marquis de Royan, who therefore became duc de Piney. He was the son of Charles-Anne-Sigismond, duc d'Olonne (1721–1777) and grandson of the last duke's first cousin and heir-male Charles-Paul-Sigismond, duc de Bouteville (1697–1785); both these men had declined the peerage. His son Charles-Emmanuel-Sigismond de Montmorency-Luxembourg (1774–1861) was the last holder of the title, though the last male member of the Montmorency-Luxembourg family was Anne-Edouard-Louis-Joseph (1802–1878),
duc de Beaumont
Duc de Beaumont is an extinct title of nobility in the peerage of France which was created by letters patent in 1765 for French Royal Army officer Charles-François-Christian de Montmorency-Beaumont-Luxembourg.
History
The lordship of Beaumon ...
.
Descent
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References
External links
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House of Montmorency
Noble titles created in 1581
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