biochemistry Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and ...

, a dual-specificity kinase () is a

kinase In biochemistry, a kinase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy, phosphate-donating molecules to specific substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation, where the high-energy ATP molecule don ...

that can act as both

tyrosine kinase A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to the tyrosine residues of specific proteins inside a cell. It functions as an "on" or "off" switch in many cellular functions. Tyrosine kinases belong to a larger cla ...

and

serine/threonine kinase A serine/threonine protein kinase () is a kinase enzyme, in particular a protein kinase, that phosphorylates the OH group of the amino-acid residues serine or threonine, which have similar side chains. At least 350 of the 500+ human protei ...

. MEKs, involved in MAP pathways, are principal examples of dual-specificity kinases. Other common examples include: * ADK1 (Arabidopsis dual specificity kinase 1) *

CLK1 Dual specificity protein kinase CLK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CLK1'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the CDC2-like (or LAMMER) family of dual specificity protein kinases. In the cell nucleus, the encoded pro ...

, CLK2, CLK3, CLK4 * DSTYK *

DYRK1A Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK1A'' gene. Alternative splicing of this gene generates several transcript variants differing from each other either in the 5' UTR or ...

DYRK1B Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK1B'' gene. Function DYRK1B is a member of the DYRK family of protein kinases. DYRK1B contains a bipartite nuclear localization s ...

DYRK2 Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 is an enzyme, in particular a dual-specificity kinase, that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK2'' gene. DYRK2 belongs to a family of protein kinases whose members are presumed to be invo ...

DYRK3 Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK3'' gene. This gene product belongs to the DYRK family of dual-specificity protein kinases that catalyze autophosphorylation on ser ...

, DYRK4 * Mps1p *

TESK1 Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TESK1'' gene. Function This gene product is a serine/threonine protein kinase that contains an N-terminal protein kinase domain and a C-terminal ...

TESK2 Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TESK2'' gene. Function This gene product is a serine/threonine protein kinase that contains an N-terminal protein kinase domain that is structur ...

* TTK The

systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature. A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...

of this enzyme class is ATP:protein phosphotransferase (Ser/Thr- and Tyr-phosphorylating).

References

* * * * * EC 2.7.12 Enzymes of unknown structure {{2.7-enzyme-stub