__NOTOC__ ''Drymophila'' is a

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

in the antbird family (

Thamnophilidae The antbirds are a large passerine bird family, Thamnophilidae, found across subtropical and tropical Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina. There are more than 230 species, known variously as antshrikes, antwrens, antvireos, fire ...

). It is a relative of the typical antwrens. The genus ''Drymophila'' was introduced by the English naturalist William Swainson in 1824. The

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

is the ferruginous antbird. The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek words for "wood" or "copse" and "fond of".

Taxonomy and systematics

Extant species

The genus ''Drymophila'' contains the following eleven species: * Ferruginous antbird (''Drymophila ferruginea'') *

Bertoni's antbird Bertoni's antbird (''Drymophila rubricollis'') is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. It is found in the Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay and far north-eastern Argentina ( Selva Misionera). It was formerly con ...

(''Drymophila rubricollis'') * Rufous-tailed antbird (''Drymophila genei'') * Ochre-rumped antbird (''Drymophila ochropyga'') * Dusky-tailed antbird (''Drymophila malura'') * Scaled antbird (''Drymophila squamata'') * Striated antbird (''Drymophila devillei'') * Santa Marta antbird (''Drymophila hellmayri'') * Klages's antbird (''Drymophila klagesi'') * East Andean antbird (''Drymophila caudata'') * Streak-headed antbird (''Drymophila striaticeps'')

Former species

Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus ''Drymophila'': *

Spectacled monarch The spectacled monarch (''Symposiachrus trivirgatus'') is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is found in Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropic ...

(as ''Drymophila trivirgata'') * Island monarch (as ''Drymophila cinerascens'') *

Shining flycatcher The shining flycatcher (''Myiagra alecto'') is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae. It is found in northern Australia, and from the Moluccas to the Bismarck Archipelago. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland f ...

(as ''Drymophila alecto'')

Range

Six of the ''Drymophila'' species are associated with regions of southeastern Brazil; two of these - Bertoni's and dusky-tailed antbird - also range into eastern Paraguay and extreme northeastern Argentina. Even at their highest diversity in Brazil's

Mata Atlântica The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and the ...

, the species are almost completely

parapatric In parapatric speciation, two subpopulations of a species evolve reproductive isolation from one another while continuing to exchange genes. This mode of speciation has three distinguishing characteristics: 1) mating occurs non-randomly, 2) gene ...

, in some cases like the dusky-tailed and scaled antbird even to exclusive

habitat In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources, physical and biotic factors that are present in an area, such as to support the survival and reproduction of a particular species. A species habitat can be seen as the physical ...

preferences. Of course, the rampant

deforestation Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. The most concentrated d ...

in that region may obscure that there has been more overlap in the past. In any case, habitat fragments strongly tend to hold at most a single species.Rajão & Cerqueira (2006) ''D. devillei'', the striated antbird, is a species of the southwestern quadrant of the

Amazon Basin The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries of Bolivi ...

, and a disjunct population lives in north-western Ecuador and adjacent parts of Colombia.

Footnotes

References

* Rajão, Henrique & Cerqueira, Rui (2006): Distribuição altitudinal e simpatria das aves do gênero ''Drymophila'' Swainson (Passeriformes, Thamnophilidae) na Mata Atlântica levational distribution and sympatry of birds of the genus Drymophila Swainson (Passeriformes, Thamnophilidae) in the Atlantic forest ortuguese with English abstract''Revista Brasileira de Zoologia'' 23(3): 597–607.
PDF fulltext

External links

Bird genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Thamnophilidae-stub