Doña Juana ( es, Volcán Doña Juana
) is a
stratovolcano
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava and tephra. Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with a summit crater and per ...
,
located within the
Doña Juana-Cascabel Volcanic Complex National Natural Park ( es, Parque Nacional Natural Complejo Volcánico Doña Juana-Cascabel) in
Nariño,
Colombia
Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
.
With a previous eruption of
VEI 4, Doña Juana is rated as a "large" volcano of "cataclysmic" destructive power.
During its last eruption, in 1906,
more than 100 people were killed and many houses were destroyed.
Its largest known historical eruption was on November 13, 1899. In its prehistory, it is known to have erupted in the 23rd century BC in a caldera-forming eruption of unknown magnitude.
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Etymology
The name of the volcano originated from a legend of the
Chincha Indians, within whose native lands it is located: Mama Juana, a beautiful Quiteña, fell in love with Pedro, a commoner, but with the parents opposed to the marriage, they fled, becoming the victims of a curse that turned them into volcanoes.
Biodiversity
The volcano can be ascended from a slope that is part of the so-called Valley of
Orchids. It is surrounded by an area of extraordinary
biodiversity
Biodiversity or biological diversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is a measure of variation at the genetic (''genetic variability''), species (''species diversity''), and ecosystem (''ecosystem diversity'') l ...
, which includes 471 species of birds (the
Andean condor included),
bear
Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Nor ...
s,
deer
Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...
and
pumas.
The summit of Dona Juana consists of a number of peaks, which afford a number of views, including of Laguna del Silencio, one of 42 lakes in the national park.
The
Petacas
Petacas is a lava dome in the departments of Cauca and Nariño, Colombia.
Doña Juana volcano lies nearby. Both volcanoes are located between the El Tablón Fault to the west and the San Jerónimo Fault to the east.Plancha 411, 2002
See also ...
is located to the northeast of Doña Juana. Both volcanoes are located between the
El Tablón Fault in the west and the
San Jerónimo Fault in the east.
[Plancha 411, 2002]
Gallery
See also
*
List of volcanoes in Colombia
This is a list of active and extinct volcanoes in Colombia.
See also
* List of earthquakes in Colombia
* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Colombia
* Geology of Colombia
References
{{South America topic, state=uncollaps ...
*
List of volcanoes by elevation
A list (incomplete) of volcanoes on Earth arranged by elevation in metres.
6,000 metres
5,000 metres
4,000 metres
3,000 metres
2,000 metres
1,000 metres
Below 1,000 metres
From its base on the ocean floor
A list (in ...
References
Bibliography
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dona Juana
Andean Volcanic Belt
Mountains of Colombia
Stratovolcanoes of Colombia
Quaternary South America
Quaternary volcanoes
20th-century volcanic events
Geography of Nariño Department
Four-thousanders of the Andes