Dorothy Macardle

Dorothy Macardle (2 February 1889, in Dundalk – 23 December 1958, in Drogheda)Luke Gibbons, ''The Irish Times'', Weekend Review, "A Cosmopolitan Reclaimed: A Review of ''Dorothy Macardle: A Life''", by Nadia Clare Smith, 10 November 2007, p.13 was an Irish writer, novelist, playwright and non-academic historian. Her book, ''The Irish Republic'', is one of the more frequently cited narrative accounts of the Irish War of Independence and its aftermath, particularly for its exposition of the anti-treaty viewpoint.

Early life

Dorothy Macardle (alternatively spelled McArdle) was born in Dundalk, Ireland, in 1889 into a wealthy brewing family famous for their '' Macardle's Ale'', and was raised Roman Catholic. She received her secondary education in Alexandra College, Dublina school under the management of the Church of Irelandand later attended University College, Dublin. Upon graduating, she returned to teach English at Alexandra.

Nationalist cause

Macardle was a member of the Gaelic League and later joined Cumann na mBan in 1917. In 1918 (during the War of Independence), Macardle was arrested by the RIC while teaching at Alexandra; she was eventually dismissed in 1923, towards the latter end of the Irish Civil War, because of her anti-Treatyite sympathies and activities.

When the republican movement split in 1921–22 over the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Macardle sided with Éamon de Valera and the anti-Treaty side. She was imprisoned by the fledgling Free State government in 1922, during the Civil War, and served time in both Mountjoy and Kilmainham Gaols.

Critic and Anti-fascist

McCardle deplored what she saw as the reduced status of women in the 1937 Constitution of Ireland. Noting that the '' Bunreacht na hÉireann'' dropped the commitment of the 1916 Proclamation to guarantee equal rights and opportunities "without distinction of sex", she wrote to de Valera questioning how anyone "with advanced views on the rights of women" could support it. DeValera also found her criticising compulsory Irish language teaching in schools.

While working as a journalist with the League of Nations in the 1930s she acquired a considerable affinity with the plight of Czechoslovakia pressed to make territorial concessions to Nazi Germany. Believing that "Hitler's war should be eveybody's war", she disagreed with de Valera's policy of neutrality. She went to work for the BBC in London, developed her fiction and, in the war's aftermath, campaigned for refugee childrena crisis described in her book Children of Europe (1949). In 1951 she became the first president of the Irish Society of Civil Liberties.

Author

Daisy Bannard Cogley had founded the Little Theatre in Dublin in the 1910s. She directed a production of Macardle's ''Asthara'' in 1918, the first professional production of one of her plays.

Macardle recounted her civil war experiences in ''Earthbound: Nine Stories of Ireland'' (1924). She continued as a playwright for the next two decades. In her dramatic writing she used the pseudonym ''Margaret Callan''.

Her book ''The Irish Republic'' was first published in 1937. Political opponents and some modern historians consider her to be a hagiographer towards de Valera's political views. In 1939 she admitted: "I am a propagandist, unrepentant and unashamed". Overall, however, the book was well-received, with reviews ranging from "glowing" to measured praise. Macardle was widely praised for her research, thorough documentation, range of sources and narration of dramatic events, alongside reservations about the book’s political slant. The book was reprinted several times, most recently in 2005. Éamon de Valera considered ''The Irish Republic'' the only authoritative account of the period 1916-1926, and the book was widely used by de Valera and Fianna Fáil over the years.

Death

She died in 1958 in hospital in Drogheda, of cancer, at the age of 69. Though she was somewhat disillusioned with the new Irish State, she left the royalties from ''The Irish Republic'' to her close friend Éamon de Valera, who had written the foreword to the book. De Valera visited her when she was dying.De Valera, by Tim Pat Coogan, p 500 She was accorded a state funderal with DeValera giving the oration.

Published works

* ''Tragedies of Kerry'', 1922–23
* ''Earthbound: Nine Stories of Ireland'', 1924
* ''The Irish Republic'' (published 1937, 1938, 1951, 1968 and subsequently)
* ''Uneasy Freehold'' (1941, basis for the 1944 movie '' The Uninvited''), published in the US as ''The Uninvited'' (1942)
* ''The Unforeseen'' (1946) (novel set in Ireland) American title of ''Fantastic Summer'' (1946)
* ''Without Fanfares: Some Reflections on the Republic of Ireland'' (1947)
* ''Children of Europe: a study of the children of liberated countries; their war-time experiences, their reactions, and their needs, with a note on Germany'' (1949)
* ''The Dark Enchantment'' (1953) (a novel set in Provence)
* ''Shakespeare, Man and Boy'' (published posthumously in 1961)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Macardle, Dorothy
1889 births
1958 deaths
Cumann na mBan members
20th-century Irish historians
Irish women non-fiction writers
People educated at Alexandra College
People from Dundalk
People of the Irish Civil War (Anti-Treaty side)
Women in war 1900–1945
Women in war in Ireland
20th-century Irish novelists
Women historians
Irish women novelists