Domald of Sidraga (''Domaldus'', ''Domaldi Spalatensis'') ( 1160–1243) was a powerful and influential
Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg
, anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capit ...
n nobleman. He held
Šibenik
Šibenik () is a historic city in Croatia, located in central Dalmatia, where the river Krka flows into the Adriatic Sea. Šibenik is a political, educational, transport, industrial and tourist center of Šibenik-Knin County, and is also the ...
,
Zadar
Zadar ( , ; historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian: ); see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited Croatian city. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar serv ...
,
Split
Split(s) or The Split may refer to:
Places
* Split, Croatia, the largest coastal city in Croatia
* Split Island, Canada, an island in the Hudson Bay
* Split Island, Falkland Islands
* Split Island, Fiji, better known as Hạfliua
Arts, enterta ...
,
Klis
Klis ( hr, Klis, it, Clissa, tr, Kilis) is a Croatian municipality located around a mountain fortress bearing the same name. It is located in the region of Dalmatia, located just northeast of Solin, Croatia, Solin and Split, Croatia, Split near ...
,
Cetina
Cetina () is a river in southern Croatia. It has a length of and its basin covers an area of . From its source, Cetina descends from an elevation of above sea level to the Adriatic Sea. It is the most water-rich river in Dalmatia.Naklada Naprijed ...
and other
Dalmatia
Dalmatia (; hr, Dalmacija ; it, Dalmazia; see #Name, names in other languages) is one of the four historical region, historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia, and Istria. Dalmatia is a narrow belt of the east shore of ...
n counties and estates between the mid-12th and mid-13th century in the
Kingdom of Croatia Kingdom of Croatia may refer to:
* Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102), an independent medieval kingdom
* Croatia in personal union with Hungary (1102–1526), a kingdom in personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary
* Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) (152 ...
. He came into conflict with the powerful
Šubić family
The Šubić family was one of the Twelve noble tribes of Croatia and a great noble house which constituted Croatian statehood in the Middle Ages. They held the county of Bribir (''Varvaria'') in inland Dalmatia. From them branched prominent Zrin ...
. With royal support, the latter seized Domald's domains in 1223, but Domald's influence didn't vain until his death.
Life
Born around 1160, Domald's aristocratic family origin and estates which brought him to power are uncertain, historians assumed various theories including that he was a member of the noble
Snačić or
Kačić family
The Kačić family ( hr, Kačići, hu, Kacsics, la, Cacich) was one of the most influential Croatian noble families, and was one of the Croatian " twelve noble tribes" described in the Pacta conventa and Supetar Cartulary. The historical sour ...
. Recently discovered image of Domald's seal with coat of arms depicting "an eagle with spread wings and head turned to the right, holding in its talons a snake" most probably refutes both family connections. He most probably was from the
župa of Sidraga. According to
Thomas the Archdeacon
Thomas the Archdeacon ( la, Thomas Archidiaconus; it, Tommaso Arcidiacono; hr, Toma Arhiđakon; c. 1200 – 8 May 1268), also known as Thomas of Spalato ( la, Thomas Spalatensis, hu, Spalatói Tamás), was a Roman Catholic cleric, historian and ...
, he was a "man of great caution and foresight".
He is possibly mentioned as Duke/Count of town of
Šibenik
Šibenik () is a historic city in Croatia, located in central Dalmatia, where the river Krka flows into the Adriatic Sea. Šibenik is a political, educational, transport, industrial and tourist center of Šibenik-Knin County, and is also the ...
already in 1200, but others date his rule as certain only since 1216-1220. Since 1203/4, after the Crusader's
Siege of Zara
The siege of Zara or siege of Zadar ( hr, Opsada Zadra; hu, Zára ostroma; 10–24 November 1202) was the first major action of the Fourth Crusade and the first attack against a Catholic city by Catholic crusaders. The crusaders had an agree ...
, is mentioned as Duke of town of
Zadar
Zadar ( , ; historically known as Zara (from Venetian and Italian: ); see also other names), is the oldest continuously inhabited Croatian city. It is situated on the Adriatic Sea, at the northwestern part of Ravni Kotari region. Zadar serv ...
, rebuilding town
Biograd na Moru
Biograd na Moru (), shortened to simply Biograd (), is a town in northern Dalmatia, Croatia and is significant for being another capital of the medieval Kingdom of Croatia. Biograd is administratively part of the Zadar County. It is located on t ...
, and with the help of Šibenik and
Omiš
Omiš (, Latin and it, Almissa) is a town and port in the Dalmatia region of Croatia, and is a municipality in the Split-Dalmatia County. The town is situated approximately south-east of Croatia's second largest city, Split. Its location is wh ...
threw
Venetian rule from the island of
Ugljan
Ugljan () is a Croatian island and the first in the Zadar Archipelago. It is located northwest of the island of Pašman and southeast of the islands of Rivanj and Sestrunj. Separated from the mainland by the Zadar Channel, it is connected with t ...
and
St. Michael's Fortress. His rule in Zadar proved to be short-lived, because the town accepted the suzerainty of the Republic without resistance after the Venetian navy approached its port.
Before 25 March 1207, the townspeople of
Split
Split(s) or The Split may refer to:
Places
* Split, Croatia, the largest coastal city in Croatia
* Split Island, Canada, an island in the Hudson Bay
* Split Island, Falkland Islands
* Split Island, Fiji, better known as Hạfliua
Arts, enterta ...
elected him their Duke, a position which held until 1220/21. In 1210, King
Andrew II of Hungary
Andrew II ( hu, II. András, hr, Andrija II., sk, Ondrej II., uk, Андрій II; 117721 September 1235), also known as Andrew of Jerusalem, was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1205 and 1235. He ruled the Principality of Halych from 1188 ...
, who ruled Croatia and Dalmatia, bestowed upon Domald the ''
župa
A župa (or zhupa, županija) is a historical type of administrative division in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that originated in medieval South Slavic culture, commonly translated as "parish", later synonymous "kotar", commonly translate ...
'', or county, of
Cetina
Cetina () is a river in southern Croatia. It has a length of and its basin covers an area of . From its source, Cetina descends from an elevation of above sea level to the Adriatic Sea. It is the most water-rich river in Dalmatia.Naklada Naprijed ...
and
Trilj
Trilj (, it, Treglia, la, Pons Tiluri) is a municipality and town in inland Dalmatia, Croatia. It is located northeast of Split.
Population
The total population of the municipality is 9,109, with 2,076 in Trilj itself and the rest in small vi ...
. In the same period tried to impose his rule in town of
Trogir
Trogir (; historically known as Traù (from Dalmatian, Venetian and Italian: ); la, Tragurium; Ancient Greek: Τραγύριον, ''Tragyrion'' or Τραγούριον, ''Tragourion'') is a historic town and harbour on the Adriatic coast in S ...
, but managed to get only some estates outside the town, and in 1217
Pontius de Cruce
Pontius de Cruce, also Pons of the Cross, was a Master of the Templars.
Andrew II of Hungary was extremely favorably disposed towards the Templars. During his participation in the Fifth Crusade he appointed Pontius de Cruce, Master of the Order in ...
stopped his aspirations toward Trogir.
He was expelled from Split by the citizens in 1221. The citizens of Split elected a member of the
Šubić family
The Šubić family was one of the Twelve noble tribes of Croatia and a great noble house which constituted Croatian statehood in the Middle Ages. They held the county of Bribir (''Varvaria'') in inland Dalmatia. From them branched prominent Zrin ...
, Višan/Višen of Zvonigrad their new Duke, causing a feud between Domald and the Šubić family. King Andrew's son,
Duke Béla, who administered Croatia/Dalmatia at that time, intervened in the conflict on behalf of Domald's opponents in 1223. The Duke laid siege and seized the
Fortress of Klis
) from Vrana, in the name of Bosnian King Tvrtko I
* 1394–1401 Ban Nikola II Gorjanski in the name of Sigismund
* 1401–1434 Croatian noble Prince Ivaniš Nelipić
* 1434–1436 Croatian noble and Ban of Croatia Ivan Frankopan, at that tim ...
. Domald was forced to renounce his domains which were distributed among Grgur Šubić and Stjepan Šubić. However, he kept Klis until 1226/27, when lost it to Grgur and according to
Miha Madijev de Barbezanis, was even temporarily captured by Grgur. Anyway, Domald waged a full scale war on both land and sea until 1229, helped by Kačić family, when was captured by
Slavonian-Dalmatian Duke Coloman Coloman, es, Colomán (german: Koloman (also Slovak, Czech, Croatian), it, Colomanno, ca, Colomà; hu, Kálmán)
The Germanic origin name Coloman used by Germans since the 9th century.
* Coloman, King of Hungary
* Coloman of Galicia-Lodomeria ...
,
and eventually ransomed by his family for twelve nobles.
Domald somehow managed to keep his influence in the region, was again invited and made Duke of Split in 1234/35, replacing Grgur III Šubić, who instead placed his son Marko II Šubić in 1235/37, overthrowing Domald. However, Domald regained Šibenik before January 1238, attacked Trogir ruled by Stjepan II Šubić, but was defeated by royal/Šubić forces at Klis. His last mention was in a 1243 agreement with Trogir about exchanging his mills in Pantan for a house in Trogir.
References
Sources
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
{{Refend
Medieval Croatian nobility
12th-century Croatian people
13th-century Croatian people
12th-century military history of Croatia
13th-century military history of Croatia
12th-century Croatian nobility
13th-century Croatian nobility
13th-century Croatian military personnel