Jean-Baptiste Muard (

Vireaux Vireaux () is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. Notable people * Jean-Baptiste Muard (1809 - 1854), French Benedictine, reformer, and founder of religious orders, was born in Vireaux.Brullee, ...

, 1809- Pierre-Qui-Vire, 1854) was a French

Benedictine , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , foun ...

, reformer, and founder of religious orders.

Biography

Jean-Baptiste Muard was born, the eldest of three sons, on April 29, 1809 in

to Claude and Catherine Paillot Muard. As a boy he was mentored by the local curé of Pacy-sur-Armançon, M. Rolley, who sponsored him at the Petit Séminaire of

Auxerre Auxerre ( , ) is the capital of the Yonne department and the fourth-largest city in Burgundy. Auxerre's population today is about 35,000; the urban area (''aire d'attraction'') comprises roughly 113,000 inhabitants. Residents of Auxerre are r ...

, which he entered in September 1823. During vacations, Muard and some of his schoolmates would make a pilgrimage on foot to a shrine of Sainte Reine not far from Vireaux.''The Life of Jean-Baptiste Muard'', London, Burns & Oates, 1886
/ref> He completed his studies, but the

July Revolution The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution (french: révolution de Juillet), Second French Revolution, or ("Three Glorious ays), was a second French Revolution after the first in 1789. It led to the overthrow of King ...

of 1830 caused the seminary to close early and the students returned home. That October Muard entered the Grand Séminaire at

Sens Sens () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yonne Departments of France, department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, 120 km from Paris. Sens is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture and the second city of the d ...

and was saddened to discover that, due to the political turmoil, a number of his classmates had reconsidered the advisability of a clerical career at that time. He received the diaconate on December 21, 1833 and was ordained May 4, 1834. After a months visit home, during which he assisted Abbé Rolley, he was appointed curé of

Joux-la-Ville Joux-la-Ville () is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. See also *Communes of the Yonne department The following is a list of the 423 communes of the Yonne department of France. The commune ...

. In addition to his pastoral duties, he also began to give instruction to some of the boys, just as Abbé Rolley had taught him. Although Muard wished to apply for the Foreign Missions, he was then posted to the Church of St. Martin in

Avallon Avallon () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yonne Departments of France, department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in central-eastern France. Name Avallon, Latin ''Aballō'', ablative ''Aballone'', is ultimately derived from Gaulish languag ...

to fill a vacancy due to the death of the resident curé. As a favor to a neighboring pastor, he preached a mission in

Pontaubert Pontaubert () is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. See also *Communes of the Yonne department *Parc naturel régional du Morvan Morvan Regional Natural Park (French: ''Parc naturel régiona ...

during Advent 1839. It proved so successful, that he began to focus on the potential for Diocesan Missions. Convinced that he should pursue this new direction, he and Abbé Bravard, an associate from the Cathedral at Sens, with the permission of the bishop, commenced a novitiate with the

Marist Fathers The Society of Mary ( la, Societas Mariae) abbreviated SM, commonly known as the Marist Fathers, is a men's Roman Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right. It was founded by Jean-Claude Colin and a group of seminarians in ...

at Lyon. However, during his time there Muard had occasion to visit

John Vianney John Vianney (born Jean-Baptiste-Marie Vianney; 8 May 1786 – 4 August 1859), venerated as Saint John Vianney, was a French Catholic priest who is venerated in the Catholic Church as a saint and as the patron saint of parish priests. He is of ...

, the revered Curé d'Ars, who advised him not to join the Marists, but to return to his diocese and conduct diocesan missions. From there, in June of 1841, he made a pilgrimage to Rome and to seek the approval of

Pope Gregory XVI Pope Gregory XVI ( la, Gregorius XVI; it, Gregorio XVI; born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari; 18 September 1765 – 1 June 1846) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 2 February 1831 to his death in 1 June 1846. He h ...

. He founded the French province of the

Cassinese Congregation of the Primitive Observance Monte Cassino (today usually spelled Montecassino) is a rocky hill about southeast of Rome, in the Latin Valley, Italy, west of Cassino and at an elevation of . Site of the Roman town of Casinum, it is widely known for its abbey, the first h ...

and the

Society of Saint Edmund The Society of Saint Edmund ( la, Societas Patrum S. Edmundi) abbreviated SSE, also known as the Edmundites is a clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men in the Catholic Church founded in 1843, in Pontigny, France, by Rev. Jea ...

in 1843. In 1850, Jean-Baptiste Muard founded the monastery of Sainte Marie de la Pierre-qui-VireSee :fr:Abbaye de la Pierre-Qui-Vire. in the

Morvan The Morvan (historically Morvand from the Latin ''Murvinnum'' 590)Pierre-Henri Billy, ''Dictionnaire des noms de lieux de la France'', éditions Errance, 640 pages, 2011 , is a mountainous massif lying just to the west of the Côte d'Or escarp ...

References

Sources

*Brullee, ''Vie de P. Muard'' (Paris, 1855), tr. Robot, 1882 *Thompson, ''Life of P. Muard'' (London, 1886
Online text
*Denis Huerre (1994), ''Petite vie de Jean-Baptiste Muard''

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Muard, Jean-Baptiste 1809 births 1854 deaths French Benedictines