, , image_caption = In the center of town , image_flag = Flag of Dokšycy and Dokšycy Rajon.svg , flag_alt = , image_seal = , seal_alt = , image_shield = Coat of Arms of Dokšycy, Belarus.svg , shield_alt = , nickname = , motto = , image_map = , map_alt = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Belarus , pushpin_label = Dokshytsy , pushpin_label_position = , pushpin_map_alt = , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type =

Country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while ...

, subdivision_name =

Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...

, subdivision_type1 =

Voblast An oblast (; ; Cyrillic script, Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian language, Russian and Ukrainian language, Ukrainian): , Bulgarian language, Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgy ...

, subdivision_name1 =

Vitebsk Region Vitebsk Region or Vitebsk Oblast or Viciebsk Voblasts ( be, Ві́цебская во́бласць, ''Viciebskaja voblasć'', ; rus, Ви́тебская о́бласть, Vitebskaya oblast, ˈvʲitʲɪpskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a region ( oblas ...

, subdivision_type2 =

Raion A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...

, subdivision_name2 = Dokshytsy Raion , subdivision_type3 = , subdivision_name3 = , established_title = , established_date = , founder = , seat_type = , seat = , government_footnotes = , leader_party = , leader_title = , leader_name = , unit_pref = Metric , area_footnotes = АНАЛИЗ ФОРМАЛЬНОГО РЫНКА НЕДВИЖИМОСТИ город Докшицы ЯНВАРЬ 2012 – АВГУСТ 2019
/ref> , area_total_km2 = 9.42 , area_land_km2 = , area_water_km2 = , area_water_percent = , area_note = , elevation_footnotes = , elevation_m = , population_footnotes = Численность населения на 1 января 2018 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2017 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов и поселков городского типа.
// Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь. — Мн., 2018. , population_total = 6954 , population_as_of = 2018 , population_density_km2 = auto , population_demonym = , population_note = , timezone1 = , utc_offset1 = +3 , timezone1_DST = , utc_offset1_DST = , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 211722 , area_code_type = , area_code = +375 2157 , iso_code = , website = , footnotes = Dokshytsy ( be, Докшыцы, russian: До́кшицы, yi, דאקשיץ ''Dokshitz'', lt, Dokšica) is a town in the

with a significant Chassidic history. It is southwest of

Vitebsk Vitebsk or Viciebsk (russian: Витебск, ; be, Ві́цебск, ; , ''Vitebsk'', lt, Vitebskas, pl, Witebsk), is a city in Belarus. The capital of the Vitebsk Region, it has 366,299 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth-largest c ...

and a kilometer from the source of the Berezina River. Its population in 2010 was 6,600.

History

The town is first mentioned in a document of Grand Duke

Vytautas Vytautas (c. 135027 October 1430), also known as Vytautas the Great ( Lithuanian: ', be, Вітаўт, ''Vitaŭt'', pl, Witold Kiejstutowicz, ''Witold Aleksander'' or ''Witold Wielki'' Ruthenian: ''Vitovt'', Latin: ''Alexander Vitoldus'', O ...

dated 1407 which refers to tributaries called "doxyczahe." Within the

Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that existed from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Empire of Austria. The state was founded by Lit ...

, Dokshytsy was part of

Minsk Voivodeship , la, Palatinatus Minscensis) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566Stanisław Kutrzeba: Historia ustroju Polski w zarysie, Tom drugi: Litwa. Lwów i Warszawa: 1921, s. 88. and later in Pol ...

In 1793, Dokshitsy was acquired by the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

as a result of the

Second Partition of Poland The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian W ...

and incorporated into the

Minsk Governorate The Minsk Governorate (russian: Минская губерния, Belarusian: ) or Government of Minsk was a governorate ('' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire. The seat was in Minsk. It was created in 1793 from the land acquired in the partitio ...

; in 1795 it was briefly made a city before losing a portion of its territory and reverting to village status two years later. During the

War of 1812 The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States, United States of America and its Indigenous peoples of the Americas, indigenous allies against the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom ...

it was overrun and destroyed by the French. In 1897 the population was 2,762 which by 1925 had grown to approximately 3,000 souls. From 1921 until 1939, Dokshytsy (''Dokszyce'') was part of the Second Polish Republic. On 17 September 1939, Dokshytsy was occupied by the Red Army and, on 14 November 1939, incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR. From 9 July 1941 until 2 July 1944, Dokshytsy was occupied by Nazi Germany and administered as a part of the ''

Generalbezirk Weißruthenien Generalbezirk Weissruthenien (General District White Ruthenia) was one of the four administrative subdivisions of ''Reichskommissariat Ostland'', the 1941-1945 civilian occupation regime established by Nazi Germany for the administration of the th ...

'' of '' Reichskommissariat Ostland''. The Germans destroyed the city and set up a military garrison. Jews of the city were gathered in a

ghetto A ghetto, often called ''the'' ghetto, is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of political, social, legal, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished t ...

on 30 September 1941. On 29 May 1942, 2600 Jews were executed on a site outside the city. In April 1942, hundreds of young people were sent from the ghetto to a labor camp in Glambukia. During this period an underground organization was established in the ghetto, headed by Joseph Shapira. The ghetto in Dokszyce was established in November 1941. Its border ran from the bridge to Głeboker Street, to the front side of the synagogue courtyard, then down Polotsker Street to Garden’s Beer Hall and the Berezena River, then included the market place up to the side of the synagogue courtyard. It was surrounded by boards, fences, and barbed wire and guarded by the local police. The resettlement took place on November 30, 1941, on a bitterly cold and snowy day. The town’s 3,000 Jews were given only half an hour to assemble on the marketplace with all their belongings. The authorities then gave them only three hours to move into the ghetto. Much of their property, including livestock, was confiscated or stolen by the local police during the resettlement. The ghetto area was very overcrowded— between three and four families had to share a single dwelling. However, some of the houses vacated by Jews outside stood empty, due to the high proportion of Jews in the town. On 2 July 1944, Dokshytsy was liberated by the Red Army. The town resumed its status as a part of the Byelorussian SSR. Since 1991, it has belonged to the independent

Republic of Belarus A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...

. After World War 2 the Jewish community was never re-established. Encyclopaedia Judaica, Volume 6, page 154, Jerusalem, 1971.

Gallery

Dokšycy. Докшыцы (2008).jpg, City center Dokšycy._Докшыцы_(4.06.2008).jpg, Church of the Intercession of Our Lady in Dokšycy Dokshytsy ghetto 2a.jpg, Memorial for prosecuted Dokshytsy ghetto Jews Dokšycy. Докшыцы (06.2008).jpg, Dokshytsy art school Dokšycy, Barysaŭskaja. Докшыцы, Барысаўская (1930-39).jpg, Dokshytsy Magistrat Dokšycy. Докшыцы (1919-39).jpg, Parade Dokšycy, Biarezina. Докшыцы, Бярэзіна (1931).jpg, Bridge over Berezina river Dokšycy. Докшыцы (A. Adam, 18.07.1812) (2).jpg, Dokshytsy in 1812 Dokšycy, Trajecki. Докшыцы, Траецкі (1914) (2).jpg, Non existent catholic church of the Holy Trinity in Dokshytsy Dokšycy, Połackaja, Bahasłoŭskaja. Докшыцы, Полацкая, Багаслоўская (1942).jpg, Orthodox church Dokšyckaja synagoga. Докшыцкая сынагога (1919-39).jpg, Synagogue

References

External links

* Borisovsky Uyezd Cities in Belarus Dokshytsy District Holocaust locations in Belarus Minsk Voivodeship Populated places in Vitebsk Region Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939) {{Belarus-geo-stub