The Dnieper–Bug estuary (), also called the Dniprovska Gulf, is an open

estuary An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime enviro ...

, or liman, of two

river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...

s: the

Dnieper The Dnieper or Dnepr ( ), also called Dnipro ( ), is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea. Approximately long, with ...

and the

Southern Bug The Southern Bug, also called Southern Buh (; ; ; or just ), and sometimes Boh River (; ),

(also called the Boh River). It is located on the northern coast of the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal sea, marginal Mediterranean sea (oceanography), mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bound ...

and is separated from it by the Kinburn Spit and the Cape of Ochakiv.

Description

The estuary includes two parts: the wide Dnieper estuary (55 km long, up to 17 km wide), and the narrower

Bug estuary The Bug estuary () is an estuary of the Southern Bug. It is long and up to wide. Together with the Dnieper estuary it makes the Dnieper–Bug estuary on the northern coast of the Black Sea. The city of Mykolaiv is located on the Bug estuary. Dni ...

(47 km long, from 5 to 11 km wide). The average depth is and the maximum depth . The

is important for transport, recreation, and

fisheries Fishery can mean either the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish and other aquatic life or, more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place ( a.k.a., fishing grounds). Commercial fisheries include wild fisheries and fish farm ...

. Its most important port is Ochakiv.

Historical events

The estuary was a naval battleground in the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792. A key event in that war was the Siege of Ochakov, while naval battleswhich involved the Russian Dnieper Flotilla,A. B. Shirokorad, ''The Russian-Turkish War'', cited at

John Paul Jones John Paul Jones (born John Paul; July 6, 1747 – July 18, 1792) was a Scottish-born naval officer who served in the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War. Often referred to as the "Father of the American Navy", Jones is regard ...

deep-water fleet and the Ottoman Navyincluded the First Battle of the Liman on June 7, 1788 and the Second Battle of the Liman on June 16 and 17. Confluence of the rivers Southern Bug and Dnieper

Confluence of the rivers Southern Bug and Dnieper

Key landmarks

The ruins of Pontic Olvia are located on the right bank of the Southern Bug (Boh River), right at its mouth. There is an artificial island which is often mistaken for Berezan Island, but it is actually .

References

External links

Dnipro–Boh Estuary
at the

Encyclopedia of Ukraine The ''Encyclopedia of Ukraine'' (), published from 1984 to 2001, is a fundamental work of Ukrainian Studies. Development The work was created under the auspices of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in Europe (Sarcelles, near Paris). As the ...

Estuaries of Ukraine Estuaries of the Black Sea {{Ukraine-geo-stub