Dmitry Nikolayevich Zubarev (russian: Дми́трий Никола́евич Зу́барев; November 27, 1917 – July 29, 1992) was a Soviet and Russian

theoretical physicist Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in contrast to experimental physics, which uses experimen ...

known for his contributions to

statistical mechanics In physics, statistical mechanics is a mathematical framework that applies statistical methods and probability theory to large assemblies of microscopic entities. It does not assume or postulate any natural laws, but explains the macroscopic be ...

non-equilibrium thermodynamics Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with physical systems that are not in thermodynamic equilibrium but can be described in terms of macroscopic quantities (non-equilibrium state variables) that represent an ext ...

plasma physics Plasma ()πλάσμα
, Henry George Liddell, R ...

, theory of

turbulence In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. It is in contrast to a laminar flow, which occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between ...

, and to the development of the double-time Green function's formalism.

Biography

Dmitry Zubarev was born in

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

in the family of an engineer. In 1941, he graduated from the Physics Department at

Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...

and soon after that, on 25 June 1941, volunteered to the People's Volunteer Corps to participate in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. He participated in the

Battle of Moscow The Battle of Moscow was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a sector of the Eastern Front (World War II), Eastern Front during World War II. It took place between September 1941 and January ...

and met the end of the war in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

with the 47th Army of the

1st Belorussian Front The 1st Belorussian Front (Russian: Пéрвый Белорусский фронт, ''Perviy Belorusskiy front'', also romanized " Byelorussian") was a major formation of the Soviet Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army ...

. After the war he worked for several years on various military related research projects in

Arzamas-16 Sarov (russian: Саро́в) is a closed town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It was known as Gorkiy-130 (Горький-130) and Arzamas-16 (), after a (somewhat) nearby town of Arzamas,SarovLabsCreation of Nuclear Center Arzamas-16/ref ...

. In this period of time he was greatly influenced by

Nikolay Bogolyubov Nikolay Nikolayevich Bogolyubov (russian: Никола́й Никола́евич Боголю́бов; 21 August 1909 – 13 February 1992), also transliterated as Bogoliubov and Bogolubov, was a Soviet and Russian mathematician and theoretic ...

and

Andrei Sakharov Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov ( rus, Андрей Дмитриевич Сахаров, p=ɐnˈdrʲej ˈdmʲitrʲɪjevʲɪtɕ ˈsaxərəf; 21 May 192114 December 1989) was a Soviet nuclear physicist, dissident, nobel laureate and activist for nu ...

. Then, in 1954 he moved to the Steklov Institute of Mathematics, where continued to work for the rest of his life.

Research work

His first research in Arzamas-16 was devoted to various applications of

plasma Plasma or plasm may refer to: Science * Plasma (physics), one of the four fundamental states of matter * Plasma (mineral), a green translucent silica mineral * Quark–gluon plasma, a state of matter in quantum chromodynamics Biology * Blood pla ...

theory, including analysis of stationary regimes for

nuclear reactors A nuclear reactor is a device used to initiate and control a fission nuclear chain reaction or nuclear fusion reactions. Nuclear reactors are used at nuclear power plants for electricity generation and in nuclear marine propulsion. Heat from nu ...

(jointly with V. N. Klimov) and analysis of temperature jumps of plasma in magnetic field. After that he started to work in collaboration with

on various problems in theoretical physics and obtained several fundamental results, including development of an asymptotic method for systems with rapidly rotating phases, development of the method of collective variables which is now widely used in theoretical physics, and development of the microscopic theory of

superfluidity Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without any loss of kinetic energy. When stirred, a superfluid forms vortices that continue to rotate indefinitely. Superfluidity occurs in two i ...

. He made a significant contribution to the theory of double-time temperature

Green's functions In mathematics, a Green's function is the impulse response of an inhomogeneous linear differential operator defined on a domain with specified initial conditions or boundary conditions. This means that if \operatorname is the linear differential ...

in statistical mechanics, where his work became world-famous. In the period 1961—1965, he developed a method of

non-equilibrium statistical operator Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with physical systems that are not in thermodynamic equilibrium but can be described in terms of macroscopic quantities (non-equilibrium state variables) that represent an ext ...

(NSO), which is now a classical tool in the statistical theory of non-equilibrium processes. This method allowed him to include non-equilibrium phenomena in the framework of statistical mechanics in a natural way following the ideas of

Josiah Willard Gibbs Josiah Willard Gibbs (; February 11, 1839 – April 28, 1903) was an American scientist who made significant theoretical contributions to physics, chemistry, and mathematics. His work on the applications of thermodynamics was instrumental in t ...

. Using the NSO method, he constructed relativistic

thermodynamics Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of matter and radiation. The behavior of these quantities is governed by the four laws of the ...

and relativistic

hydrodynamics In physics and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids—liquids and gases. It has several subdisciplines, including ''aerodynamics'' (the study of air and other gases in motion) and ...

, the statistical transport theory for systems of particles with internal degrees of freedom, and the statistical thermodynamics for turbulent transport processes. Zubarev was an editorial staff member of the journal ''

Theoretical and Mathematical Physics ''Theoretical and Mathematical Physics'' (Russian: Теоретическая и Математическая Физика) is a Russian scientific journal. It was founded in 1969 by Nikolai Bogolubov. Currently handled by the Russian Academy of ...

'' and a member of the International Editorial staff of the journals ''

Physica A Physica may refer to: * Physics (Aristotle) The ''Physics'' (Ancient Greek, Greek: Φυσικὴ ἀκρόασις ''Phusike akroasis''; Latin: ''Physica'', or ''Naturales Auscultationes'', possibly meaning "Natural philosophy, lectures on ...

'' and ''Physics Letters A''.

Publications

Books

#Zubarev D. N. (1974):
Nonequilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics
' (Originally published in Russian by Nauka, Moscow in 1971, and translated to English, German, Japanese, and Polish languages). New York, Consultants Bureau. ; . #Zubarev D. N., Morozov V., Ropke G. (1996): ''Statistical Mechanics of Nonequilibrium Processes: Basic Concepts, Kinetic Theory''. John Wiley & Sons. . #Zubarev D. N., Morozov V., Ropke G. (1997): ''Statistical Mechanics of Nonequilibrium Processes: Relaxation and Hydrodynamic Processes''. John Wiley & Sons. .

Selected paper

References

Dmitry Nikolayevich Zubarev (on his seventieth birthday)
N. N. Bogoliubov, V. S. Vladimirov Russian Math. Surveys 43(4), 241—243 (1988). (in English)
Dmitry Nikolayevich Zubarev (Obituary)
Uspekhi Fiz. Nauk 163, 107—108 (1993). (in English)

External links

Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zubarev, Dmitry 1917 births 1992 deaths 20th-century Russian physicists Moscow State University alumni Honoured Scientists of the Russian Federation Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Recipients of the Order of the Red Star Theoretical physicists Russian physicists Soviet physicists Burials at Vagankovo Cemetery