Dmitriy Andreyevich Furmanov (russian: Дми́трий Андре́евич Фу́рманов; 7 November 1891,

Sereda ''Sereda'' is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae of the family Tortricidae. Species *'' Sereda myodes'' Diakonoff, 1953 *'' Sereda tautana'' (Clemens, 1865) See also *List of Tortricidae genera This is a taxonomy of ...

– 15 March 1926,

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

) was a

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

writer, revolutionary and military officer.

Biography

He was born to a peasant family. For three years, he attended the

Realschule ''Realschule'' () is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), ...

Kineshma Kineshma (russian: Кинешма), the second-largest town in Ivanovo Oblast in Russia, sprawls for along the Volga River, 335 kilometers north-east of Moscow. Population: History Kineshma was first noticed as a ''posad'' in 1429. In 1504, ...

. It was there that he developed an interest in literature. He pursued his interests at the

Imperial Moscow University Imperial Moscow University was one of the oldest universities of the Russian Empire, established in 1755. It was the first of the twelve imperial universities of the Russian Empire. History of the University Ivan Shuvalov and Mikhail Lomonosov ...

but, after graduating in 1915, failed the state examinations. During

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, he served with the

Red Cross The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a Humanitarianism, humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million Volunteering, volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure re ...

. It was there he met and married . In 1917, he joined the

Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists () was a political party in the Russian Empire, a radical wing expelled from the Socialist-Revolutionary Party in 1906. The Union united agrarian terrorists, the 'Moscow Opposition' and other radica ...

, then became an

Anarchist Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not neces ...

. He fled Moscow following the Kornilov affair and settled in

Ivanovo Ivanovo ( rus, Иваново, p=ɪˈvanəvə) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Russia. It is the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located northeast of Moscow and approximately from Yaroslavl, Vlad ...

, where he provided support to the

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment ...

. In 1918, he joined the Russian Communist Party (b) and managed propaganda for the . The following year, he went to the Eastern Front to serve as a political worker. While there, his wife had an affair with Commander

Vasily Chapayev Vasily Ivanovich Chapayev or Chapaev (russian: link=no, Василий Иванович Чапаев; 5 September 1919) was a Russian soldier and Red Army commander during the Russian Civil War. Biography Chapayev was born into a poor peasan ...

, which resulted in him being transferred to the . There, he was instrumental in helping to quash a rebellion. After that he went to

Kuban Kuban (Russian language, Russian and Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Кубань; ady, Пшызэ) is a historical and geographical region of Southern Russia surrounding the Kuban River, on the Black Sea between the Pontic–Caspian steppe, ...

, where he was seriously injured. After his recovery, in 1921, he returned to Moscow, where he was employed by several organizations dealing with military publications and he completed his education at

Moscow University M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...

. After 1923, he worked for "

Gosizdat State Publishing House of the RSFSR (Russian: Госуда́рственное изда́тельство РСФСР), also known as Gosizdat (Госиздат), was the State Publishing House founded in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Repu ...

", a publisher of propaganda. He also worked for the (МАПП). He died of

meningitis Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges. The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness. Other symptoms include confusion or ...

and is buried in

Novodevichy Cemetery Novodevichy Cemetery ( rus, Новоде́вичье кла́дбище, Novodevichye kladbishche) is a cemetery in Moscow. It lies next to the southern wall of the 16th-century Novodevichy Convent, which is the city's third most popular tourist ...

. In 1941, the town of Sereda, where he was born, was renamed Furmanov after him. Despite the affair with his wife, he is best known for his novel about Chapayev. It was translated into English by George and Jeanette Kittell and issued by Foreign Languages Publishing House in 1940.

Awards

Order of the Red Banner The Order of the Red Banner (russian: Орден Красного Знамени, Orden Krasnogo Znameni) was the first Soviet military decoration. The Order was established on 16 September 1918, during the Russian Civil War by decree of th ...

. (1922)

External links

The ''Chapayev'' book
* 1891 births 1926 deaths People from Furmanov People from Nerekhtsky Uyezd Bolsheviks Soviet novelists Soviet male writers 20th-century male writers Soviet military personnel of the Russian Civil War Neurological disease deaths in the Soviet Union Infectious disease deaths in the Soviet Union Deaths from meningitis Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery {{Russia-writer-stub