Divišov
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Divišov () is a market town in
Benešov District Benešov District () is a Okres, district in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Benešov. Administrative division Benešov District is divided into three Districts of the Czech Republic#Municipalities wit ...
in the
Central Bohemian Region The Central Bohemian Region ( ; ) is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia. Its administrative centre is in the Czech capital Prague, which lies in the centre of the regio ...
of the
Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...
. It has about 1,800 inhabitants. It lies near the Sázava and Blanice rivers.


Administrative division

Divišov consists of eight municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Divišov (1,312) *Dalovy (87) *Křešice (27) *Lbosín (76) *Měchnov (61) *Radonice (42) * Šternov (70) *Zdebuzeves (50) Radonice and Zdebuzeves form an
exclave An enclave is a territory that is entirely surrounded by the territory of only one other state or entity. An enclave can be an independent territory or part of a larger one. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is s ...
of the municipal territory.


Etymology

The name is derived from the personal name
Diviš Diviš (feminine Divišová) is a Czech surname and first name, a Czech variant of the name Dionysus. It may refer to: Surname * Alén Diviš, Czech painter * Ivan Diviš, Czech poet * Jakub Diviš, Czech footballer * Jaroslav Diviš, Czech foot ...
, which is a Czech variant of the name
Dionysus In ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology, myth, Dionysus (; ) is the god of wine-making, orchards and fruit, vegetation, fertility, festivity, insanity, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theatre. He was also known as Bacchus ( or ; ...
.


Geography

Divišov is located about east of
Benešov Benešov (; ) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 17,000 inhabitants. The town is known for the Konopiště Castle. Administrative division Benešov consists of 15 municipal parts (in brackets population ...
and southeast of
Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...
. It is located in a hilly landscape. The western part of the municipal territory lies in the
Benešov Uplands The Benešov Uplands or Benešov Hills () are uplands and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located mostly in the Central Bohemian Region. It belongs to the largest mesoregions in the country. It is named after Benešov ...
and the eastern part in the
Vlašim Uplands Vlašim (; ) is a town in Benešov District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. Vlašim is known for the Vlašim Castle and its English park. Administrative division Vlašim consists of seven muni ...
. Large part of the area is covered with forests. The highest points are the hills Březák and Vrchy, both at above sea level. The confluence of the rivers Sázava and Blanice is located in Radonice part of Divišov.


History

The first written mention of Divišov is from 1130. The settlement was probably founded during reign of
Bretislav I Bretislav I (; 1002/1005 – 10 January 1055), known as the "Bohemian Achilles", of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1034 until his death in 1055. Youth Bretislav was the son of Duke Oldřich and his low-born concubine Božena. ...
(1034–1055) by a member of Bretislav's
retinue A retinue is a body of persons "retained" in the service of a noble, royal personage, or dignitary; a ''suite'' (French "what follows") of retainers. Etymology The word, recorded in English since circa 1375, stems from Old French ''retenue'', ...
named Diviš. On the site of today's dean's building, there was a fortress around which a settlement began to form. Before 1242, Zdislav, the first-born son of Diviš of Divišov, founded
Český Šternberk Castle Český Šternberk Castle () is a castle of the mid-13th century, located on the west side of the river Sázava overlooking the eponymous market town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It is an early Gothic castle which was ...
in the neighbourhood of today's Divišov municipal territory, and the house of Divišov became the house of Sternberg. In 1545, Divišov became a town. It received coat of arms with a gold star which reminded the lords of Sternberg. In 1742, after a large fire, almost the whole of Divišov burned down. In the 19th and 20th centuries, development of industry occurred. In 1899, the construction of the railway line leading from
Čerčany Čerčany is a municipality and village in Benešov District in the Central Bohemian Region in the Czech Republic. It has about 3,100 inhabitants. Administrative division Čerčany consists of 15 municipal parts (in brackets population according t ...
to
Kolín Kolín (; ) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monume ...
was started. After Divišov lost its town status around 1960, it became a
market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rura ...
in 2006.


Jewish community

The first Jews allegedly settled in Divišov before 1685. The first mention of the presence of the Jewish population is from 1718. The Jewish community was established on 1 August 1776, and immediately after its establishment, it applied for the lease of land for the establishment of a cemetery, which was founded in 1777. The cemetery was used until World War II.


Demographics


Economy

At the end of the 19th century, a factory for the production and processing of
velvet Velvet is a type of woven fabric with a dense, even pile (textile), pile that gives it a distinctive soft feel. Historically, velvet was typically made from silk. Modern velvet can be made from silk, linen, cotton, wool, synthetic fibers, silk ...
was established here, and its products was appreciated even abroad. In 1948, Jaroslav Simandl founded a factory for speedway motorcycles of the Jawa brand. Divišov is an industrial centre: beside Jawa, there is a transport company, a heavy machinery factory and an electronic equipment plant. Divišov also became known as a fish farming area.


Transport

The D1 motorway from Prague to
Brno Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...
passes through the northern part of the territory.


Sport

There is a
motorcycle speedway Motorcycle speedway, usually referred to simply as speedway, is a motorcycle sport involving four and sometimes up to six riders competing over four clockwise, anti-clockwise laps of an oval circuit. The motorcycles are specialist machines that ...
stadium in Divišov. It was opened in 1955 and hosts international races every year.


Sights

The main landmark of Divišov is the Church of Saint Bartholomew. It was built in the Baroque style in 1744–1746 and has a rich Baroque decoration. The synagogue was built at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1854–1856, it was rebuilt to the Neoclassical style. After the building was used as a warehouse and hairdressing salon during the 20th century, it was returned to Jewish community of Prague in 1995. Since 2004, it serves as the Museum of the Life of the Jewish Community of Divišov. The Jewish cemetery has an area of 2,921 square meters and 200 tombstones of the Baroque and Neoclassical type have been preserved, the oldest legible from the end of the 18th century. It is protected as a national cultural heritage and is gradually renovated. The Church of Saint Martin is located in Měchnov. It is a Romanesque church from the first half of the 13th century. The tower was added probably around 1300. The church was later modified in the Gothic and Baroque styles, but retained its Romanesque character. The Church of Saint Anne is located in Zdebuzeves. It was built in 1836, when it replaced an old Gothic church dedicated to Saints Simon and Jude.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Divisov Populated places in Benešov District Market towns in the Czech Republic