Divergence In vector calculus, divergence is a vector operator that operates on a vector field, producing a scalar field giving the quantity of the vector field's source at each point. More technically, the divergence represents the volume density of the ...

is a function that associates a scalar with every point of a vector field. Divergence or Divergent may also refer to:

Mathematics

Divergence (computer science) In computer science, a computation is said to diverge if it does not terminate or terminates in an exceptional state. Otherwise it is said to converge. In domains where computations are expected to be infinite, such as process calculi, a computatio ...

, a computation which does not terminate (or terminates in an exceptional state) * Divergence, the defining property of

divergent series In mathematics, a divergent series is an infinite series that is not convergent, meaning that the infinite sequence of the partial sums of the series does not have a finite limit. If a series converges, the individual terms of the series must ...

; series that do not converge to a finite limit * Divergence, a result of instability of a dynamical system in

stability theory In mathematics, stability theory addresses the stability of solutions of differential equations and of trajectories of dynamical systems under small perturbations of initial conditions. The heat equation, for example, is a stable partial diffe ...

Statistics

Divergence (statistics) In information geometry, a divergence is a kind of statistical distance: a binary function which establishes the separation from one probability distribution to another on a statistical manifold. The simplest divergence is squared Euclidean di ...

, a measure of dissimilarity between probability measures **

Bregman divergence In mathematics, specifically statistics and information geometry, a Bregman divergence or Bregman distance is a measure of difference between two points, defined in terms of a strictly convex function; they form an important class of divergences. W ...

** ''f''-divergence **

Jensen–Shannon divergence In probability theory and statistics, the Jensen– Shannon divergence is a method of measuring the similarity between two probability distributions. It is also known as information radius (IRad) or total divergence to the average. It is based o ...

Kullback–Leibler divergence In mathematical statistics, the Kullback–Leibler divergence (also called relative entropy and I-divergence), denoted D_\text(P \parallel Q), is a type of statistical distance: a measure of how one probability distribution ''P'' is different fro ...

, also known as the "information divergence" in probability theory and information theory ** Rényi's divergence

Science

Divergent boundary In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other. Divergent b ...

, a linear feature that exists between tectonic plates that are moving away from each other *

Divergence (eye) A vergence is the simultaneous eye movement (sensory), movement of both human eye, eyes in opposite directions to obtain or maintain single binocular vision. When a creature with binocular vision looks at an object, the eyes must rotate around ...

, the simultaneous outward movement of both eyes away from each other *

Divergence problem The divergence problem is an anomaly from the field of dendroclimatology, the study of past climate through observations of old trees, primarily the properties of their annual growth rings. It is the disagreement between instrumental temperature ...

, an anomaly between the instrumental record and temperatures calculated using some tree ring proxies *

Beam divergence In electromagnetics, especially in optics, beam divergence is an angular measure of the increase in beam diameter or radius with distance from the optical aperture or antenna aperture from which the beam emerges. The term is relevant only in the ...

, the half-angle of the cone formed by a beam of light as it propagates and spreads out *

Genetic divergence Genetic divergence is the process in which two or more populations of an ancestral species accumulate independent genetic changes (mutations) through time, often leading to reproductive isolation and continued mutation even after the populations hav ...

, the process in which two or more populations of an ancestral species accumulate independent genetic changes * Evolutionary divergence, the accumulation of differences between populations of closely related species *

Infrared divergence In physics, an infrared divergence (also IR divergence or infrared catastrophe) is a situation in which an integral, for example a Feynman diagram, diverges because of contributions of objects with very small energy approaching zero, or equivalent ...

, due to contributions of objects with low energy *

Ultraviolet divergence In physics, an ultraviolet divergence or UV divergence is a situation in which an integral, for example a Feynman diagram, diverges because of contributions of objects with unbounded energy, or, equivalently, because of physical phenomena at infi ...

, due to contributions of objects with very high energy *

Divergence (optics) In optics, vergence is the angle formed by rays of light that are not perfectly parallel to one another. Rays that move closer to the optical axis as they propagate are said to be ''converging'', while rays that move away from the axis are ''d ...

, the angle formed between spreading rays of light

Arts

* ''Divergent'' (book series), a novel series of young adult science fiction adventure novels by Veronica Roth ** ''Divergent'' (novel), the first novel in the series, 2011 ***

The Divergent Series ''The Divergent Series'' is a feature film series based on the '' Divergent'' novels by the American author Veronica Roth. Distributed by Summit Entertainment and Lionsgate Films, the series consists of three science fiction action films set in ...

, a film trilogy based on the novels **** ''Divergent'' (film), the 2014 film based on the novel ***** ''Divergent'' (soundtrack), the soundtrack to the 2014 film * ''Divergence'' (novel), a 1991 novel by Charles Sheffield * ''Divergence'', a 2007 novel by Tony Ballantyne * ''Divergence'' (album), a 1972 album by Solution * "Divergence" (''Star Trek: Enterprise''), a fourth-season episode of ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' * ''Divergence'' (film), a 2005 film from Hong Kong * ''Diverge'' (film), a 2016 American sci-fi film * Diverged (The Walking Dead), an episode of the television series ''The Walking Dead''

Mathematics

Statistics

Science

Arts

See also