Dipak Kalra (born 18 July 1959,

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

, UK) is

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

of the European Institute for Health Records and of the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. He undertakes international

research Research is " creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness ...

and standards development, and advises on adoption strategies, relating to

Electronic Health Records An electronic health record (EHR) is the systematized collection of patient and population electronically stored health information in a digital format. These records can be shared across different health care settings. Records are shared throu ...

Education

Dipak Kalra studied

medicine Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care pr ...

Guy's Hospital Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital in the borough of Southwark in central London. It is part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and one of the institutions that comprise the King's Health Partners, an academic health science centre. ...

in London, and specialized in

General Practice General practice is the name given in various nations, such as the United Kingdom, India, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa to the services provided by general practitioners. In some nations, such as the US, similar services may be describe ...

. He is a

Fellow A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context. In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements. Within the context of higher education ...

of the

Royal College of General Practitioners The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is the professional body for general (medical) practitioners (GPs/ Family Physicians/ Primary Care Physicians) in the United Kingdom. The RCGP represents and supports GPs on key issues including ...

. He worked as a London GP for a decade before specializing in Health Informatics. He obtained a PhD in Health Informatics in 2003 and is a Fellow of the British Computer Society.

Career

Kalra plays a leading international role in research and development of Electronic Health Record architectures and systems, including the requirements and models needed to ensure the robust long-term preservation of clinical meaning and protection of privacy. He leads the development of CEN (

European Committee for Standardization The European Committee for Standardization (CEN, french: Comité Européen de Normalisation) is a public standards organization whose mission is to foster the economy of the European Single Market and the wider European continent in global t ...

) and ISO (

International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in Art ...

) standards on EHR

interoperability Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader defi ...

personal health record A personal health record (PHR) is a health record where health data and other information related to the care of a patient is maintained by the patient. This stands in contrast to the more widely used electronic medical record, which is operated ...

s, EHR requirements, and has contributed to several EHR security and confidentiality standards. He has led multiple European projects in these areas, including Horizon 2020 and the IMI programme alongside pharma companies, hospitals and ICT companies. He recently co-led a €16m project on the re-use of EHR information for

clinical research Clinical research is a branch of healthcare science that determines the safety and effectiveness ( efficacy) of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. These may be used for prevention, treatm ...

, EHR4CR, alongside ten global pharma. He is a partner in another IMI project, EMIF, on the development of a European clinical research platform federating multiple population health and

cohort studies A cohort study is a particular form of longitudinal study that samples a cohort (a group of people who share a defining characteristic, typically those who experienced a common event in a selected period, such as birth or graduation), performing ...

. Dipak also led an EU Network of Excellence on

semantic interoperability Semantic interoperability is the ability of computer systems to exchange data with unambiguous, shared meaning. Semantic interoperability is a requirement to enable machine computable logic, inferencing, knowledge discovery, and data federation bet ...

, and is a partner in other EU projects on the sustainability of interoperability assets, the transatlantic sharing of patient summaries and quality labelling. Dipak is President of the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data (www.i-HD.eu), which seeks to drive best practices in the trustworthy use of high quality and interoperable health data by all stakeholders, for optimising health and knowledge discovery. He is also President of the European Institute for Health Records ( EuroRec), which is the coordinator or a partner in many EC projects on electronic health record quality and systems

accreditation Accreditation is the independent, third-party evaluation of a conformity assessment body (such as certification body, inspection body or laboratory) against recognised standards, conveying formal demonstration of its impartiality and competence to ...

, interoperability and the uses of health data for research. EuroRec leads a network of national

ProRec The ProRec initiative of 1996 was a network of national non-profit organisations (the "ProRec centres"). The initiative was a consequence of the conclusions of the Concerted Action MEDIREC (1994-1995) regarding the reasons why Electronic Health Reco ...

Centres which promote good quality EHR system adoption across

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...

. Dipak Kalra is

Professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...

of Health Informatics at

University College London , mottoeng = Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward , established = , type = Public research university , endowment = £143 million (2020) , budget = ...

and Visiting Professor of Health Informatics at

Ghent University Ghent University ( nl, Universiteit Gent, abbreviated as UGent) is a public research university located in Ghent, Belgium. Established before the state of Belgium itself, the university was founded by the Dutch King William I in 1817, when th ...

. Dipak is a member of multiple standards bodies including

BSI Group The British Standards Institution (BSI) is the national standards body of the United Kingdom. BSI produces technical standards on a wide range of products and services and also supplies certification and standards-related services to business ...

, CEN, ISO and HL7-UK ( International HL7 Implementations). Dipak was a founding Director of the

openEHR openEHR is an open standard specification in health informatics that describes the management and storage, retrieval and exchange of health data in electronic health records (EHRs). In openEHR, all health data for a person is stored in a "one lifet ...

Foundation, a not-for-profit company which exists to promote and publish, via the Web, the formal specification of requirements for electronic health record information, supporting development of open specifications for health information systems. Dipak's innovations in EHR architectures have been spun out into a company: Helicon Health, providing

cardiovascular The blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, tha ...

chronic disease A chronic condition is a health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time. The term ''chronic'' is often applied when the course of the disease lasts for more than three m ...

management services across London.

Positions held

* President, the EuroRec Institute * President, the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data * Professor of Health Informatics, Centre for Health Informatics and Multi-professional Education (CHIME), University College London, UK * Visiting Professor,

, Belgium * Honorary Senior Academic General Practitioner, The Whittington Hospital NHS Trust, London * Director, the openEHR Foundation * Consultant and advisor on semantic interoperability, to the

European Commission The European Commission (EC) is the executive of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with 27 members of the Commission (informally known as "Commissioners") headed by a President. It includes an administrative body ...

English National Health Service The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded healthcare system in England, and one of the four National Health Service systems in the United Kingdom. It is the second largest single-payer healthcare system in the world after the ...

, Ministry of Health in Singapore and Ministry of Health in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Research projects

* EMIF – 2013-2018 €56m This project, sponsored through the Innovative Medicines Initiative, comprises almost 50

academic An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, ...

partners and a dozen Pharma partners, developing a generic platform to provide harmonised views across multiple population health (cohort) data sets across Europe and geographically proximal EHR systems. The two initial clinical research areas are

dementia Dementia is a disorder which manifests as a set of related symptoms, which usually surfaces when the brain is damaged by injury or disease. The symptoms involve progressive impairments in memory, thinking, and behavior, which negatively affe ...

and metabolic disorders. Dipak leads workpackages on semantic interoperability and

ethics Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior".''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concer ...

, and is a member of the business modeling task force. * Electronic Health Records for Clinical Research (EHR4CR) – 2011-2016 €16m This public-private research project, involving 35 partners from academia and 10 Pharma companies. EHR4CR is developing a platform to support remote querying of hospital electronic health records in order to enable more efficient feasibility assessment, recruitment and conduct of clinical trials. Dipak leads the Managing Entity and co-leads two work packages on requirements and on sustainable business models. The project is now spinning out a commercial platform for European scale-up to be run by Custodix, and a not-for-profit institute that Dipak will lead: the European Institute for Innovation through Health Data. * VALUeHEALTH – 2015-2017 €1m VALUeHEALTH is establishing how eHealth interoperability can create, deliver, and capture value for all stakeholders. It will develop an

evidence-based Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the idea that occupational practices ought to be based on scientific evidence. While seemingly obviously desirable, the proposal has been controversial, with some arguing that results may not specialize to indiv ...

business plan for self-funding priority pan-European eHealth Services beyond 2020. It will examine the maturity of existing standards and

infrastructures Infrastructure is the set of facilities and systems that serve a country, city, or other area, and encompasses the services and facilities necessary for its economy, households and firms to function. Infrastructure is composed of public and priv ...

, propose organisational changes and incentives, and perform state-of-the-art Cost Benefit Assessments, and from this produce a definitive

Business Plan A business plan is a formal written document containing the goals of a business, the methods for attaining those goals, and the time-frame for the achievement of the goals. It also describes the nature of the business, background information on ...

and Strategy for taking forward public-private investment in digital eHealth services. Dipak is the co-ordinator of VALUeHEALTH. * eStandards – 2015-2017 €1m eStandards brings together the leading Standard Developing Organizations in Europe, supported by the eHealth Network and EuroRec. It will develop an evidence-based

roadmap A roadmap may refer to: *A road map, a form of map that details roads and transport links *A plan, e.g. **Road map for peace, to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict **Technology roadmap A technology roadmap is a flexible planning schedule ...

for eHealth standards alignment that is endorsed by SDOs, the eHealth Network, and key stakeholders. It will contribute to the European eHealth Interoperability Framework, focusing on clinical content modelling for different

paradigms In science and philosophy, a paradigm () is a distinct set of concepts or thought patterns, including theories, research methods, postulates, and standards for what constitute legitimate contributions to a field. Etymology ''Paradigm'' comes f ...

and embedding a

quality management Quality management ensures that an organization, product or service consistently functions well. It has four main components: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control and quality improvement. Quality management is focused not ...

system for

testing and certification of eHealth systems. Dipak leads tasks on multi-stakeholder engagement and the development of

good practice GxP is a general abbreviation for the "good practice" quality guidelines and regulations. The "x" stands for the various fields, including the pharmaceutical and food industries, for example good agricultural practice, or GAP. A "c" or "C" i ...

in clinical information modelling. * ASSESS-CT – 2015-2016 €1m ASSESS CT will contribute to better semantic interoperability of eHealth services in Europe, in order to optimise care and to minimise harm in delivery of care. The ASSESS CT project, integrating a broad range of stakeholders, will investigate the fitness of the international clinical terminology

SNOMED CT SNOMED CT or SNOMED Clinical Terms is a systematically organized computer-processable collection of medical terms providing codes, terms, synonyms and definitions used in clinical documentation and reporting. SNOMED CT is considered to be the mo ...

as a potential standard for EU-wide eHealth deployments. It will investigate Member State reasons for adoption/non adoption of SNOMED CT, lessons learned, success factors and the impact of SNOMED CT adoption from a

socio-economic Socioeconomics (also known as social economics) is the social science that studies how economic activity affects and is shaped by social processes. In general it analyzes how modern societies progress, stagnate, or regress because of their local ...

viewpoint. Dipak leads the workpackage to define policy guidance and make the final recommendations of the project. * SemanticHealthNet – 2012-2015 €3m Semantic interoperability of EHR systems is a vital prerequisite for enabling patient-centred care and advanced clinical and biomedical research. SemanticHealthNet will develop a scalable and sustainable pan-European organisational and governance process to achieve this objective across healthcare systems and institutions. The consortium comprises 17 Partners and more than 40 internationally recognised experts, including from United States and Canada, ensuring a global impact. Dipak is the project lead. * Trillium Bridge – 2013-2015 €270k This project will design a development and adoption roadmap for sharing patient summaries between the US and the EU, with partners from both sides of

the Atlantic ''The Atlantic'' is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher. It features articles in the fields of politics, foreign affairs, business and the economy, culture and the arts, technology, and science. It was founded in 1857 in Boston, ...

. Trillium Bridge supports the Transatlantic eHealth/health IT Cooperation Memorandum of Understanding and Roadmap and the Digital Agenda for Europe in achieving a triple win for eHealth by establishing the foundations of an interoperability bridge to meaningfully exchange patient summaries and electronic health records among the EU and US. * EXPAND – 2014-2015 €1m EXPAND - Expanding Health Data Interoperability Services – is a Thematic Network (TN) EC project to progress towards an environment of sustainable cross border eHealth services established at EU level by the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) and at national level through the deployment of suitable national infrastructures and services.

Partial bibliography

# Daniel C, Sinaci A, Ouagne D, Sadou E, Declerck G, Kalra D, Charlet J, Forsberg K, Bain L, Mead C, et al., Standard-based EHR-enabled applications for clinical research and patient safety: CDISC - IHE QRPH - EHR4CR & SALUS collaboration, AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings AMIA Summit on Translational Science, 2014, p. 19-25 # Moreno-Conde A, Moner D, Cruz WD, Santos MR, Maldonado JA, Robles M, Kalra D, Clinical information modeling processes for semantic interoperability of electronic health records: systematic review and inductive analysis, JAMIA, Mar 2015 # # De Moor G, Sundgren M, Kalra D, Schmidt A, Dugas M, Claerhout B, Karakoyun T, Ohmann C, Lastic PY, Ammour N, et al., Using electronic health records for clinical research: The case of the EHR4CR project, J Biomed Inform, Feb 2015, vol.53 p. 162-173 # Elliot MJ, Kalra D, Singleton P and Smith D, Practical Privacy Controls when Re-using Medical Data for Research, Journal of Healthcare Information Management, 2014, vol.28(4), p. 50-57 # Kalra D, Artmann J, Stroetmann V, Boye N, The eHealth Contribution to Person-Centred Care, In Rosenmoller M, Whitehouse D, Wilson P. Managing EHealth: From Vision to Reality, Palgrave Macmillan, UK

# # # # # # # # # Dugas M, Breil B, Trinczek B, Stausberg J, Kalra D, Open metadata for medical data models. Studies in health technology and informatics, 2013 Jan 192:1257 # Rodrigues JM, Schulz S, Rector A, Spackman K, Ustün B, Chute C, Della Mea V, Millar J, Brand Persson K, Kalra D, Do we need a Common Ontology between ICD 11 and SNOMED CT to ensure Seamless Re-Use and Semantic Interoperability?, Studies in health technology and informatics, 2013 Jan 192:1234 # # # # # Tapuria A, Austin T, Sun S, Lea N, Iliffe S, Kalra D, Ingram D, Patterson D, Clinical advantages of decision support tool for anticoagulation control, IEEE Point-Of-Care Healthcare Technologies (PHT), 2013, p. 331-334 # # # # # # # # Kalra D, Schmidt A, Potts HWW, Dupont D, Sundgren M, De Moor G, on behalf of the EHR4CR Research consortium, Case Report from the EHR4CR Project: A European Survey on Electronic Health Records Systems for Clinical Research, iHealth Connections, 2011; 1(2)p. 108-113. # Kalra D, Musen M, Smith B, Ceusters W, De Moor G, ARGOS Policy Brief on Semantic Interoperability, Stud Health Technol Inform, 2011, 170, p. 1-15 # # # Kalra D, Health informatics 3.0, Yearbook Med Inform, 2011, 6(1), p. 8-14 # ISO International standards (development led by Dipak) # Kalra D, Datta G, 2011, ISO TR 14292 Personal Health Records - Definition, scope and context # Kalra D, Sawatsky E, 2011, ISO TS 14265 Classification of purposes for processing personal health information # Kalra D, 2010, ISO 18308 Requirements for an Electronic Health Record Reference Architecture # Kalra D, 2010, ISO/EN 13606 Electronic Health Record Communication Part 5: Interface Specification # Kalra D, 2009, ISO 13606 Electronic Health Record Communication Part 3: Reference Archetypes and Term Lists # Kalra D, 2009, ISO TS 13606 Electronic Health Record Communication Part 4: Security # Kalra D, Beale T, Lloyd D, Heard S, 2008, ISO 13606 Electronic Health Record Communication Part 2: Archetype Interchange Specification # Kalra D, Lloyd D., 2008, ISO 13606 Electronic Health Record Communication Part 1: Reference Model

References

Sources

The EuroRec Institute

CHIME - Centre for Health Informatics and Multi-professional Education

EMIF EC-Project

EHR4CR EC-Project

ASSESS CT EC-Project

SemanticHealthNet EC-Project

Trillium Bridge EC-Project

Expand EC-Project

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalra, Dipak 20th-century British medical doctors English people of South Asian descent Health informaticians Ghent University faculty Living people 1959 births Medical doctors from London British general practitioners