Diosma Haelkraalensis
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

''Diosma haelkraalensis'', or Hagelkraal's diosma, is a rare species of plant from South Africa.


Description

These shrubs grow tall. The tough branches have rough bark and are bent at all angles. The branchlets are densely covered in small, hairless leaves which are oppositely arranged. They have glands towards the midrib and margins. The slightly transparent margins curve back the center of the leaf. Small white flowers are present between April and September. They occur singly or in pairs at the ends of branches.


Distribution

Hagelkraal's diosma grows in crevices in the limestone of the Bredasdorp geological formation. It only occurs on an approximately stretch of the mountain range between
Pearly Beach Pearly Beach is a village in Overberg District Municipality in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. An area where the southern right whale (''Eubalaena australis'') comes to calve and mate along its migratory route (June – October). Thes ...
and Hagelkraal.e-Flora of South Africa. v1.36. 2022. South African National Biodiversity Institute. http://ipt.sanbi.org.za/iptsanbi/resource?r=flora_descriptions&v=1.36


Ecology

Flowers are pollinated by insects. The seeds are dispersed by ants, which take them underground.


Chemical compounds

The leaves of Hagelkraal's diosma has been described as having the same scent as true buchus. Chemical analysis has shown that the leaves contain the same sulphurous chemical (8-mercaptop-methan-3-one) that produces this scent in ''Agathosoma'' species. This is the first time that this compound has been found in a different genus. This compound is in high demand from the flavour and fragrance industries which use small quantities to enhance flavours and fragrances. Hagelkraal's diosma was found to have higher concentrations of the compound than ''
Agathosma crenulata ''Agathosma crenulata'' (previously ''Barosma crenulata'') is a flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to the lower elevation mountains of southwestern South Africa, where it occurs near streams in fynbos habitats. It is an evergreen shru ...
'' and ''
Agathosma betulina ''Agathosma betulina'' (previously ''Barosma betulina'') is a flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to the lower elevation mountains of western South Africa, where it occurs near streams in fynbos habitats. Growth It is an evergreen s ...
'' - the buchu species which are currently used for commercial production, although the overall yield was lower. while it is not currently used, this plant could be cultivated and utilsed by the fragrance and flavour industries.


Conservation

This species is considered to be critically rare.


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q15393475 Flora of South Africa Plants described in 1979 Zanthoxyloideae