Dinitroanilines are a class of
chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element ...
s with the chemical formula C
6H
5N
3O
4. They are derived from both
aniline
Aniline is an organic compound with the formula C6 H5 NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is the simplest aromatic amine
In organic chemistry, an aromatic amine is an organic compound consisting of an aroma ...
and
dinitrobenzene Dinitrobenzenes are chemical compounds composed of a benzene ring and two nitro group
In organic chemistry, nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups (). The nitro group is one of the most common ex ...
s. There are six
isomer
In chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with identical molecular formulae – that is, same number of atoms of each element – but distinct arrangements of atoms in space. Isomerism is existence or possibility of isomers.
Iso ...
s: 2,3-dinitroaniline, 2,4-dinitroaniline, 2,5-dinitroaniline, 2,6-dinitroaniline, 3,4-dinitroaniline, and 3,5-dinitroaniline.
Dinitroanilines are intermediates in the preparation of various
industrially important chemicals including
dye
A dye is a colored substance that chemically bonds to the substrate to which it is being applied. This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color. Dye is generally applied in an aqueous solution an ...
s and
pesticide
Pesticides are substances that are meant to control pests. This includes herbicide, insecticide, nematicide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, microbicide, fungicide, and lampri ...
s.
Herbicide
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page fo ...
s which are
derivatives
The derivative of a function is the rate of change of the function's output relative to its input value.
Derivative may also refer to:
In mathematics and economics
* Brzozowski derivative in the theory of formal languages
* Formal derivative, an ...
of dinitroanilines include
benfluralin,
butralin,
chlornidine,
dinitramine,
dipropalin,
ethalfluralin,
fluchloralin,
isopropalin,
methalpropalin,
nitralin,
oryzalin
Oryzalin is an herbicide of the dinitroaniline class. It acts through the disruption (depolymerization) of microtubules, thus blocking anisotropic growth of plant cells. It can also be used to induce polyploidy in plants as an alternative to colc ...
,
pendimethalin,
prodiamine,
profluralin, and
trifluralin.
2,4-Dinitroaniline can be prepared by reaction of
1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with ammonia or by acid hydrolysis of 2,4-dinitroacetanilide.
Dinitroanilines are explosive and flammable with heat or friction.
Dinitroanilines were developed prior to 2015 by, among others, the
Dow Chemical Company
The Dow Chemical Company, officially Dow Inc., is an American multinational chemical corporation headquartered in Midland, Michigan, United States. The company is among the three largest chemical producers in the world.
Dow manufactures plastic ...
, who then sold their business to privately-held
Gowan Company
Gowan may refer to:
People
*Charles Gowan (1850–1938)
*David Gowan, American politician from Arizona
*Franklin B. Gowen (1836–1889), attorney, president of Reading Railroad
*Geoffrey Gowan (1929–2013), Canadian sports broadcaster
*Hunter Go ...
.
dowagro.com: "Gowan Company, L.L.C. Agrees to Acquire Global DNA Business from Dow AgroSciences LLC"
30 Nov 2015
References
{{Authority control
Anilines
Nitrobenzenes