geometry Geometry (; ) is, with arithmetic, one of the oldest branches of mathematics. It is concerned with properties of space such as the distance, shape, size, and relative position of figures. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is c ...

, Dini's surface is a

surface A surface, as the term is most generally used, is the outermost or uppermost layer of a physical object or space. It is the portion or region of the object that can first be perceived by an observer using the senses of sight and touch, and is t ...

with constant negative

curvature In mathematics, curvature is any of several strongly related concepts in geometry. Intuitively, the curvature is the amount by which a curve deviates from being a straight line, or a surface deviates from being a plane. For curves, the canonic ...

that can be created by twisting a

pseudosphere In geometry, a pseudosphere is a surface with constant negative Gaussian curvature. A pseudosphere of radius is a surface in \mathbb^3 having curvature in each point. Its name comes from the analogy with the sphere of radius , which is a surface ...

. It is named after

Ulisse Dini Ulisse Dini (14 November 1845 – 28 October 1918) was an Italian mathematician and politician, born in Pisa. He is known for his contribution to real analysis, partly collected in his book "''Fondamenti per la teorica delle funzioni di variabili ...

and described by the following

parametric equation In mathematics, a parametric equation defines a group of quantities as functions of one or more independent variables called parameters. Parametric equations are commonly used to express the coordinates of the points that make up a geometric obj ...

s: :

\begin
x&=a \cos u \sin v \\
y&=a \sin u \sin v \\
z&=a \left(\cos v +\ln \tan \frac \right) + bu
\end

Another description is a

generalized helicoid In geometry, a generalized helicoid is a surface in Euclidean space generated by rotating and simultaneously displacing a curve, the ''profile curve'', along a line, its ''axis''. Any point of the given curve is the starting point of a circular hel ...

constructed from the

tractrix In geometry, a tractrix (; plural: tractrices) is the curve along which an object moves, under the influence of friction, when pulled on a horizontal plane by a line segment attached to a pulling point (the ''tractor'') that moves at a right angl ...

References

{{reflist Surfaces

See also

References