Dimitrie Bolintineanu (; 14 January 1819 (1825 according to some sources),
Bolintin-Vale
Bolintin-Vale () is a town in Giurgiu County, Muntenia, Romania with a population of 12,929 . The town administers three villages: Crivina, Malu Spart and Suseni. It is the second largest city in the county; proximity to the capital Bucharest has ...
– 20 August 1872,
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
) was a
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...
n poet, though he wrote in many other styles as well, diplomat, politician, and a participant in the revolution of 1848. He was of
Aromanian origins. His poems of nationalist overtone fueled emotions during the unification of
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia (; ro, Țara Românească, lit=The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country, ; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and s ...
and
Moldavia
Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and for ...
.
Biography
Dimitrie Bolintineanu was of
Aromanians
The Aromanians ( rup, Armãnji, Rrãmãnji) are an ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language. They traditionally live in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgaria, northern and ...
origin, his father, Ienache Cosmad, came from
Ohrid
Ohrid ( mk, Охрид ) is a city in North Macedonia and is the seat of the Ohrid Municipality. It is the largest city on Lake Ohrid and the List of cities in North Macedonia, eighth-largest city in the country, with the municipality recording ...
. In a few years his father, Ienache, made a successful carrier in
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia (; ro, Țara Românească, lit=The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country, ; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and s ...
, first he was a tenant, small owner, then sub-prefect, with the residence in
Bolintin-Vale
Bolintin-Vale () is a town in Giurgiu County, Muntenia, Romania with a population of 12,929 . The town administers three villages: Crivina, Malu Spart and Suseni. It is the second largest city in the county; proximity to the capital Bucharest has ...
, village near
Bucharest
Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...
; he does not manage to leave to his second-born son, Dimitrie, some property for relieve.
He remained orphan of both parents since 1831, and was raised by the relatives. He started to earn for leaving since yearly youth, such as
Grigore Alexandrescu,
Ion Luca Caragiale
Ion Luca Caragiale (; commonly referred to as I. L. Caragiale; According to his birth certificate, published and discussed by Constantin Popescu-Cadem in ''Manuscriptum'', Vol. VIII, Nr. 2, 1977, pp. 179-184 – 9 June 1912) was a Romanian playw ...
,
Mihai Eminescu
Mihai Eminescu (; born Mihail Eminovici; 15 January 1850 – 15 June 1889) was a Romanian Romantic poet from Moldavia, novelist, and journalist, generally regarded as the most famous and influential Romanian poet. Eminescu was an active memb ...
, being a civil servants. In 1841, he was a clerk at the
State Secretariat, in 1843 a secretary at the department of "Suddito Reasons". In 1844, It is a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, how he was raised to the rank of a Pitar (boyar who bossing the bakeries). In 1842t he published an admirable poem "A young girl on the bed of death", that was eulogistically presented by
Ion Heliade Rădulescu
Ion Heliade Rădulescu or Ion Heliade (also known as ''Eliade'' or ''Eliade Rădulescu''; ; January 6, 1802 – April 27, 1872) was a Wallachian, later Romanian academic, Romantic and Classicist poet, essayist, memoirist, short story writ ...
(and later recited by
Mihai Eminescu
Mihai Eminescu (; born Mihail Eminovici; 15 January 1850 – 15 June 1889) was a Romanian Romantic poet from Moldavia, novelist, and journalist, generally regarded as the most famous and influential Romanian poet. Eminescu was an active memb ...
in Epigones), who probably played a decisive role. The poem "A young girl on the bed of death" was an imitation after "La jeune captive” ("The Young Prisoner"), by
André Chénier
André Marie Chénier (; 30 October 176225 July 1794) was a French poet of Greek and Franco-Levantine origin, associated with the events of the French Revolution of which he was a victim. His sensual, emotive poetry marks him as one of the precur ...
, and was published in "Courier of Ambe Sexes".
Participant in the 1848 revolution
The revolution of 1848 has brought a newspapers explosion. If
C.A. Rosetti
Constantin Alexandru Rosetti (; 2 June 1816 – 8 April 1885) was a Romanian literary and political leader, born in Bucharest into the princely Rosetti family.
Biography Before 1848
Constantin Alexandru Rosetti was born in Bucharest, the so ...
had issued, immediately after the shot, "The Romanian child", Bolintineanu leads (from July 19 to September 11) "The Sovereign People". It was a small, four-page sheet with only two columns on each side, but the chief editor had big projects. He wanted to print a "journal of democratic interests and social progress", according to the French model - ''Le Peuple souverain''.
After the revolution of 1848, he came back in the country and edited together with
Nicolae Bălcescu
Nicolae Bălcescu () (29 June 181929 November 1852) was a Romanian Wallachian soldier, historian, journalist, and leader of the 1848 Wallachian Revolution.
Early life
Born in Bucharest to a family of low-ranking nobility, he used his mother' ...
,
Cezar Bolliac
Cezar Bolliac or Boliac, Boliak (March 23, 1813 – February 25, 1881) was a Wallachian and Romanian radical political figure, amateur archaeologist, journalist and Romantic poet.
Life
Early life
Born in Bucharest as the son of Anton Bogliako ...
and others "The sovereign people", but – when the revolution dropped - was exiled and went to
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
, then to
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه
, alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...
and finally to Paris to continue his interrupted studies.
Exile
In 1855, Mr.
Grigore Ghica offered him a chair of Romanian literature in Iasi, but the Porte did not allow him to enter the country, and then he traveled through
Palestine,
Egypt
Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...
,
Syria, and Macedonia, describing them all in various publications, which often include interesting and warmly written pages.
In 1859, returning to the country, he entered into the politics and became Minister of Foreign Affairs, Cults and Public Instruction. Thanks to his efforts and of
Costache Negri
Costache Negri (May 14, 1812 – September 28, 1876) was a Moldavian, later Romanian writer, politician, and revolutionary.
Born in Iași, he was the son of ''vistiernic'' (treasurer) Petrache Negre. The scion of a boyar family, he was educate ...
and
V. A. Urechia
V. A. Urechia (most common version of Vasile Alexandrescu Urechia, ; born Vasile Alexandrescu and also known as Urechiă, Urechea, Ureche, Popovici-Ureche or Vasile Urechea-Alexandrescu; 15 February 1834 – 21 November 1901) was a Moldavian, ...
, the first schools were set up for Macedonian Romanians. In the same year, in 1859, he received the third degree in the Steaua Danube Lodge of Bucharest, and in 1864, he was a member of the Brotherhood Lodge.
Illness and death
In the first half of 1870, Dimitrie Bolintineanu traveled to Paris. Some of his historical biographies were reedited. Prints the collection of satire of Menadele and the volume of poems Romania's Complaints. He collaborates, by April, with the Romanian of C. A. Rosetti. Being seriously ill, he was forced to quit his work. In 1871, Bolintineanu's disease worsened. The poet was poor. The pension he received went into the pockets of creditors. The officials refused to give him any help. In April, a lottery with personal Bolintineanu’s stuff was organized, at the initiative of George Sion. On April 28, at the National Theater in Bucharest a performance took place, for the benefit of the former member of the theater committee. On June 25, a group of MP’s (including Cezar Bolliac) proposes to the Chamber to vote on a national reward "for our good poet Dimitrie Bolintineanu, who is deprived of the existence of all days". Sent for the approval and acceptance in the division, the proposal was buried in files. Bolintineanu has got a mental illness from misery and poverty.
Drama lui Dimitrie Bolintineanu, care a sfârșit la ospiciu în sărăcie lucie. Unde l-a dus cinstea pe marele revoluționar
20 august 2016, Elisabeth Bouleanu, ''Adevărul'', accesat la 21 august 2016
The poet was admitted to Pantelimon Hospital. In the patients’ register book was written: «Dimitrie Bolintineanu, former Minister of Cults, entered without clothes». In 1872, the lottery that was initiated in 1871 by George Sion took place in March. Bolintineanu's books were won by V. Alecsandri, the bookcase of the library - by C. Negri, and the other furniture - by Catinca Balș. Alecsandri and Negri asked that the objects that belonged to remain to Bolintineanu'. On the August the 20th , in the morning, he died in the hospital. He was buried at the Bolintinul din Vale.
The poetic work
Dimitrie Bolintineanu has written extensively both prose and lyrics. His poetic work includes the cycles of the ''Historical Legends'', the ''Bosphorus Flowers'', the ''Fairy Tales'', the ''Macedonians and the Reverions''.
References
External links
12 February 2007, Daniela Cârlea Șontică, ''Jurnalul Național''
12 January 2009, ''Jurnalul Național''
Dimitrie Bolintineanu, propovăduitorul libertății române
, Adrian AGACHI, 1 August 2009, ''Ziarul Lumina''
1 November 2013, Bogdan Vladu, ''Adevărul''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bolintineanu, Dimitrie
1819 births
1872 deaths
People from Bolintin-Vale
19th-century Romanian poets
Romanian male poets
Romanian people of Aromanian descent
Romanian Ministers of Culture
Romanian Ministers of Education
19th-century male writers