''Dichanthelium'' is

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s of the grass family,

Poaceae Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns an ...

. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.''Dichanthelium''.
USDA PLANTS.

Taxonomy

Formerly a subgenus of the genus ''

Panicum ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, growi ...

'', ''Dichanthelium'' was elevated to genus status in 1974. Its species are still treated as members of ''Panicum'' by some authorities, because the two genera are very similar in form. Molecular data support the recognition of ''Dichanthelium'' as a separate genus.Freckmann, R. W. and M. G. Lelong
''Dichanthelium''.
The Grass Manual. Flora of North America. The name ''Dichanthelium'' originates from the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

for "twice-flowering", in reference to the vernal and autumnal growth phases.

Description

These are perennial grasses, sometimes with

rhizome In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (; , ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow hori ...

s. The grasses may overwinter as rosettes of short, wide leaves and then produce longer, wider leaves on the stem during spring. They produce hollow stems a few centimeters tall to well over one meter. They are upright to erect when new, then sometimes sprawling, spreading, and bending as the season progresses. The upper stems may have a few main branches that divide into smaller branches bearing

panicle A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence. (softcover ). Some authors distinguish it from a compound spike inflorescence, by requiring that the flowers (and fruit) be pedicellate (having a single stem per flower). The branches of a panicle are of ...

s. There are primary panicles, which may be

chasmogamous Chasmogamy, is a plant reproductive mechanism in which pollination occurs in chasmogamous flowers. Chasmogamous flowers are commonly showy with open petals encircling exposed reproductive parts. Chasmogamous stems from Greek for "open marriage", na ...

, and secondary panicles, which are often

cleistogamous Cleistogamy is a type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants that can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. Especially well known in peanuts, peas, and pansies, this behavior is most widespread in the grass family. How ...

. The spikelets are roughly 1 to 5 millimeters long and lack awns. In the Chicago area, ''Dichanthelium'' is considered the most emblematic genus of the

Gulf A gulf is a large inlet from the ocean into the landmass, typically with a narrower opening than a bay, but that is not observable in all geographic areas so named. The term gulf was traditionally used for large highly-indented navigable bodie ...

and

Atlantic coastal plain The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Afr ...

disjunct habitat found in that region.

Species

There are about 72 species in the genus. Species include:GRIN Species Records of ''Dichanthelium''.
Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Dichanthelium leibergii syn Panicum leibergii

Dichanthelium leibergii syn Panicum leibergii

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon inflorescence

*''

Dichanthelium aciculare ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium acuminatum ''Dichanthelium acuminatum'', the tapered rosette grass, is a species of grass from the genus ''Dichanthelium ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgra ...

'' (Sw.) Gould &C.A. Clark – tapered rosette grass, hotsprings rosette grass, hairy panicgrass *''

Dichanthelium adenorhachis ''Dichanthelium'' is genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and b ...

'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *''

Dichanthelium aequivaginatum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium albomaculatum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium angustifolium ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium annulum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium assurgens ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium boreale ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium boscii ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium cabrerae'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium caerulescens'' (Hack. ex Hitchc.) Correll *'' Dichanthelium caparoense'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium chamaelonche'' (Trin.) Freckmann & Lelong – small-seeded panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium clandestinum'' (L.) Gould – deertongue *''

Dichanthelium columbianum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium commonsianum'' (Ashe) Freckmann *'' Dichanthelium commutatum'' (Schult.) Gould – variable panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium congestum'' (Renvoize) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium conjugens'' (Skottsb.) C.A.Clark & Gould *'' Dichanthelium cordovense'' (E.Fourn.) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium cucaense'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium cumbucana'' (Renvoize) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium cynodon'' (Reichardt) C.A.Clark & Gould – tussock panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium davidsei'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium depauperatum'' (Muhl.) Gould – starved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium dichotomum'' (L.) Gould – cypress panicgrass, forked panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium ensifolium'' (Baldwin ex Elliott) Gould – sword-leaf panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium forbesii'' (Hitchc.) C.A. Clark & Gould *'' Dichanthelium fusiforme'' (Hitchc.) Harvill *'' Dichanthelium hebotes'' (Trin.) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium heliophilum'' (Chase ex Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium hillebrandianum'' (Hitchc.) C.A.Clark & Gould – bog rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium hirstii'' (Swallen) Kartesz – Hirst's panicgrass *''

Dichanthelium implicatum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium isachnoides'' (Munro ex Hillebrand) C.A.Clark & Gould – Maui rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium itatiaiae'' (Swallen) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium joori'' (Vasey) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium koolauense'' (H.St.John & Hosaka) C.A.Clark & Gould – Koolau rosette grass *''

Dichanthelium lanuginosum ''Dichanthelium lanuginosum'' is a species of rosette grass native to North America. It is most common in the central and eastern United States. It is found in a variety of habitats, mostly in open, dry areas. A variety, ''D. lanuginosum'' var. ...

'' (Elliott) Gould *'' Dichanthelium latifolium'' (L.) Harvill – broadleaf rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium laxiflorum'' (Lam.) Gould – openflower rosette grass, soft-tufted panicgrass *''

Dichanthelium leibergii ''Dichanthelium leibergii'', known as variously as Leiberg's panicum, Leiberg's panicgrass, Leiberg's rosette grass, and prairie panic grass is a species of grass native to North America. It was named for its discoverer, John Bernhard Leiberg (18 ...

'' (Vasey) Freckmann – Leiberg's rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium leucoblepharis'' (Trin.) Gould & C.A.Clark *'' Dichanthelium lindheimeri'' (Nash) Gould *'' Dichanthelium linearifolium'' (Scribn.) Gould – slimleaf rosette grass, linear-leaved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium lucidum'' (Ashe) LeBlond *'' Dichanthelium macrospermum'' Gould *'' Dichanthelium malacophyllum'' (Nash) Gould – softleaf rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium mattamuskeetense'' (Ashe) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium microcarpon'' (Muhl. ex Elliott) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium nitidum'' (Lam.) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium nodatum'' (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould – Sarita rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium nudicaule'' (Vasey) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin – naked-stemmed panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium oligosanthes'' (Schult.) Gould – Heller's rosette grass, fewanther obscuregrass, few-flowered panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium ovale'' (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark – eggleaf rosette grass, stiff-leaved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium pantrichum'' (Hack.) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium pedicellatum'' (Vasey) Gould – cedar rosette grass, corm-based panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium peristypum'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium perlongum'' (Nash) Freckmann – long-stalked panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium petropolitanum'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium polyanthes'' (Schult.) Mohlenbr. – many-flowered panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium portoricense'' (Desv. ex Ham.) B.F.Hansen & Wunderlin – blunt-glumed panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium pycnoclados'' (Tutin) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium ravenelii'' (Scribn. & Merr.) Gould – Ravenel's rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium sabulorum'' (Lam.) Gould & C.A.Clark – hemlock rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium scabriusculum'' (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark – woolly rosette grass, tall-swamp panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium sciurotis'' (Trin.) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium sciurotoides'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium scoparioides'' (Ashe) Mohlenbr. *''

Dichanthelium scoparium ''Dichanthelium scoparium'' is a species of grass known by the common names velvet panicum, velvety panicgrass, and broom panicgrass. It is native to North America, where it occurs in the southeastern United States. It also occurs in the West Ind ...

'' (Lam.) Gould – velvet panicum *'' Dichanthelium scribnerianum'' (Nash) Gould *'' Dichanthelium sendulskyii'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon'' (Elliott) Gould – roundseed panicgrass, round-fruited panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium sphagnicola'' (Nash) LeBlond *'' Dichanthelium stigmosum'' (Trin.) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium stipiflorum'' (Renvoize) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium strigosum'' (Muhl. ex Elliott) Freckmann – roughhair rosette grass, cushion-tuft panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium superatum'' (Hack.) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium surrectum'' (Chase ex Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *''

Dichanthelium telmatum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium umbonulatum'' (Swallen) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium viscidellum'' (Scribn.) Gould *'' Dichanthelium wilcoxianum'' (Vasey) Freckmann – fall rosette grass, Wilcox's panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium xalapense'' Kunth *'' Dichanthelium xanthophysum'' (A. Gray) Freckmann – slender rosette grass, pale panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium yadkinense'' (Ashe) Mohlenbr.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3756576 Poaceae genera