''Dichanthelium'' is

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.''Dichanthelium''.
USDA PLANTS.

Taxonomy

Formerly a subgenus of the genus ''

Panicum ''Panicum'' (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grasses, growi ...

'', ''Dichanthelium'' was elevated to genus status in 1974. Its species are still treated as members of ''Panicum'' by some authorities, because the two genera are very similar in form. Molecular data support the recognition of ''Dichanthelium'' as a separate genus.Freckmann, R. W. and M. G. Lelong
''Dichanthelium''.
The Grass Manual. Flora of North America. The name ''Dichanthelium'' originates from the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

for "twice-flowering", in reference to the vernal and autumnal growth phases.

Description

These are perennial grasses, sometimes with rhizomes. The grasses may overwinter as rosettes of short, wide leaves and then produce longer, wider leaves on the stem during spring. They produce hollow stems a few centimeters tall to well over one meter. They are upright to erect when new, then sometimes sprawling, spreading, and bending as the season progresses. The upper stems may have a few main branches that divide into smaller branches bearing panicles. There are primary panicles, which may be

chasmogamous Chasmogamy, is a plant reproductive mechanism in which pollination occurs in chasmogamous flowers. Chasmogamous flowers are commonly showy with open petals encircling exposed reproductive parts. Chasmogamous stems from Greek for "open marriage", na ...

, and secondary panicles, which are often

cleistogamous Cleistogamy is a type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants that can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. Especially well known in peanuts, peas, and pansies, this behavior is most widespread in the grass family. How ...

. The spikelets are roughly 1 to 5 millimeters long and lack awns. In the Chicago area, ''Dichanthelium'' is considered the most emblematic genus of the

Gulf A gulf is a large inlet from the ocean into the landmass, typically with a narrower opening than a bay, but that is not observable in all geographic areas so named. The term gulf was traditionally used for large highly-indented navigable bodies ...

and Atlantic coastal plain disjunct habitat found in that region.

Species

There are about 72 species in the genus. Species include:GRIN Species Records of ''Dichanthelium''.
Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Dichanthelium leibergii syn Panicum leibergii

Dichanthelium leibergii syn Panicum leibergii

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon inflorescence

*'' Dichanthelium aciculare'' (Desv. ex Poir.) Gould & C.A.Clark – needleleaf rosette grass, narrow-leaved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium acuminatum'' (Sw.) Gould &C.A. Clark – tapered rosette grass, hotsprings rosette grass, hairy panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium adenorhachis'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium aequivaginatum'' (Swallen) Zuloaga *''

Dichanthelium albomaculatum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium angustifolium ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium annulum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium assurgens ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium boreale ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium boscii ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium cabrerae'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium caerulescens'' (Hack. ex Hitchc.) Correll *'' Dichanthelium caparoense'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium chamaelonche'' (Trin.) Freckmann & Lelong – small-seeded panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium clandestinum'' (L.) Gould – deertongue *'' Dichanthelium columbianum'' (Scribn.) Freckmann *'' Dichanthelium commonsianum'' (Ashe) Freckmann *'' Dichanthelium commutatum'' (Schult.) Gould – variable panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium congestum'' (Renvoize) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium conjugens'' (Skottsb.) C.A.Clark & Gould *'' Dichanthelium cordovense'' (E.Fourn.) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium cucaense'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium cumbucana'' (Renvoize) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium cynodon'' (Reichardt) C.A.Clark & Gould – tussock panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium davidsei'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium depauperatum'' (Muhl.) Gould – starved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium dichotomum'' (L.) Gould – cypress panicgrass, forked panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium ensifolium'' (Baldwin ex Elliott) Gould – sword-leaf panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium forbesii'' (Hitchc.) C.A. Clark & Gould *'' Dichanthelium fusiforme'' (Hitchc.) Harvill *'' Dichanthelium hebotes'' (Trin.) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium heliophilum'' (Chase ex Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium hillebrandianum'' (Hitchc.) C.A.Clark & Gould – bog rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium hirstii'' (Swallen) Kartesz – Hirst's panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium implicatum'' (Scribn.) Kerguélen *'' Dichanthelium isachnoides'' (Munro ex Hillebrand) C.A.Clark & Gould – Maui rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium itatiaiae'' (Swallen) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium joori'' (Vasey) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium koolauense'' (H.St.John & Hosaka) C.A.Clark & Gould – Koolau rosette grass *''

Dichanthelium lanuginosum ''Dichanthelium lanuginosum'' is a species of rosette grass native to North America. It is most common in the central and eastern United States. It is found in a variety of habitats, mostly in open, dry areas. A variety, ''D. lanuginosum'' var. ...

'' (Elliott) Gould *'' Dichanthelium latifolium'' (L.) Harvill – broadleaf rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium laxiflorum'' (Lam.) Gould – openflower rosette grass, soft-tufted panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium leibergii'' (Vasey) Freckmann – Leiberg's rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium leucoblepharis'' (Trin.) Gould & C.A.Clark *'' Dichanthelium lindheimeri'' (Nash) Gould *'' Dichanthelium linearifolium'' (Scribn.) Gould – slimleaf rosette grass, linear-leaved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium lucidum'' (Ashe) LeBlond *'' Dichanthelium macrospermum'' Gould *'' Dichanthelium malacophyllum'' (Nash) Gould – softleaf rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium mattamuskeetense'' (Ashe) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium microcarpon'' (Muhl. ex Elliott) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium nitidum'' (Lam.) Mohlenbr. *'' Dichanthelium nodatum'' (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould – Sarita rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium nudicaule'' (Vasey) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin – naked-stemmed panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium oligosanthes'' (Schult.) Gould – Heller's rosette grass, fewanther obscuregrass, few-flowered panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium ovale'' (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark – eggleaf rosette grass, stiff-leaved panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium pantrichum'' (Hack.) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium pedicellatum'' (Vasey) Gould – cedar rosette grass, corm-based panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium peristypum'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium perlongum'' (Nash) Freckmann – long-stalked panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium petropolitanum'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium polyanthes'' (Schult.) Mohlenbr. – many-flowered panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium portoricense'' (Desv. ex Ham.) B.F.Hansen & Wunderlin – blunt-glumed panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium pycnoclados'' (Tutin) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium ravenelii'' (Scribn. & Merr.) Gould – Ravenel's rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium sabulorum'' (Lam.) Gould & C.A.Clark – hemlock rosette grass *'' Dichanthelium scabriusculum'' (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark – woolly rosette grass, tall-swamp panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium sciurotis'' (Trin.) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium sciurotoides'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium scoparioides'' (Ashe) Mohlenbr. *''

Dichanthelium scoparium ''Dichanthelium scoparium'' is a species of grass known by the common names velvet panicum, velvety panicgrass, and broom panicgrass. It is native to North America, where it occurs in the southeastern United States. It also occurs in the West Ind ...

'' (Lam.) Gould – velvet panicum *'' Dichanthelium scribnerianum'' (Nash) Gould *'' Dichanthelium sendulskyii'' (Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon'' (Elliott) Gould – roundseed panicgrass, round-fruited panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium sphagnicola'' (Nash) LeBlond *'' Dichanthelium stigmosum'' (Trin.) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium stipiflorum'' (Renvoize) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium strigosum'' (Muhl. ex Elliott) Freckmann – roughhair rosette grass, cushion-tuft panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium superatum'' (Hack.) Zuloaga *'' Dichanthelium surrectum'' (Chase ex Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga *''

Dichanthelium telmatum ''Dichanthelium'' is genus of flowering plants of the grass family, Poaceae. They are known commonly as rosette grasses and panicgrasses.Dichanthelium umbonulatum'' (Swallen) Davidse *'' Dichanthelium viscidellum'' (Scribn.) Gould *'' Dichanthelium wilcoxianum'' (Vasey) Freckmann – fall rosette grass, Wilcox's panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium xalapense'' Kunth *'' Dichanthelium xanthophysum'' (A. Gray) Freckmann – slender rosette grass, pale panicgrass *'' Dichanthelium yadkinense'' (Ashe) Mohlenbr.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3756576 Poaceae genera