Dettingen is a municipality in the district of
Esslingen in
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
in southern
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
.
Geography
![Teck-dettingen-kirchheim-1](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Teck-dettingen-kirchheim-1.JPG)
Dettingen is located 40 km southeast of
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...
and 4 km south of
Kirchheim unter Teck
Kirchheim unter Teck ( Swabian: ''Kircha'') is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, in the district of Esslingen. It is located on the small river Lauter, a tributary of the Neckar. It is 10 km (6 miles) near the Teck castle, approximately ...
at an elevation of between 329 to 520 metres. 463 hectares (c. 30%) of the municipal area is forested.
The village lies at the foot of the
Teckberg
Teckberg is a mountain at ''Landkreis Esslingen'' in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, with an elevation of 775 metres. Situated on top is castle Teck.
Geography
The Teckberg jumps from Swabian Jura edge from about 3 km towards the north front and o ...
(775 m), hence the second part of its name.
History
Dettingen 1683/1685 in Kieserschen forest stock book
The Lauter valley show evidence of settlement from ancient times. The
Lautertal Limes, a Roman border fortification known colloquially as the ''Sybillenspur'', runs through the middle of the valley and the village. South of today's village lies the Roman fort of Dettingen unter Teck.
Dettingen was first mentioned around 1100. Unusually, there is a high number of castles and noble family seats on its territory - no less than six. None of the castles has survived; they were all demolished in the early Middle Ages. The resident noble families had the majority of manorial rights on the Dettingen estates. Suzerainty over Dettingen was exercised by the
House of Württemberg
The House of Württemberg is a German dynasty and former royal family from Württemberg.
History County
The House probably originated in the vicinity of the Salian dynasty. Around 1080 the ancestors of modern Württemberg, which was then called ...
from as early as 1381; in 1415 brought the Württembergs gave rights to the local lords.
Dettingen's
vintner
A winemaker or vintner is a person engaged in winemaking. They are generally employed by wineries or wine companies, where their work includes:
*Cooperating with viticulturists
*Monitoring the maturity of grapes to ensure their quality and to deter ...
s were active during the
German Peasants' War
The German Peasants' War, Great Peasants' War or Great Peasants' Revolt (german: Deutscher Bauernkrieg) was a widespread popular revolt in some German-speaking areas in Central Europe from 1524 to 1525. It failed because of intense oppositio ...
of 1525. During the
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history
The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (80 ...
the village was badly damaged, its population was reduced by war and plague to around one third. In the early 17th century, the village had around 1300 inhabitants, in 1654 there were just 511. The settlement was slow to recover; the
Napoleonic wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...
of the 17th century dealing it another setback. In 1715, 160 farmsteads were uninhabited and 300 acres of fields and vineyards lay fallow. In 1803, Dettingen had about 1800 inhabitants.
In 1939, the
Schempp-Hirth
Schempp-Hirth Flugzeugbau GmbH is a glider manufacturer based in Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany.
History
Martin Schempp founded his own company in Göppingen in 1935, with the assistance of Wolf Hirth.
The company was initially called "Sportfl ...
aerodrome was commandeered by the
Luftwaffe
The ''Luftwaffe'' () was the aerial-warfare branch of the German ''Wehrmacht'' before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the ''Luftstreitkräfte'' of the Imperial Army and the '' Marine-Fliegerabtei ...
as a military airfield. It was relatively small, however, and therefore not used by the air force. At the end of the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, Dettingen was hit hard, 20 April 1945 was its fateful day. Days before German troops had sought and found refuge in Dettingen during their retreat to the Swabian Jura. The barns and cellars were full of German soldiers when, around 4 pm, Allied fighter-bombers began a systematic bombardment of the village. Explosive and incendiary bombs were dropped, quickly burning down 69 houses and setting 39 barns ablaze. The church, the town hall, the Schlössle, the old school, the kindergarten and fire station were destroyed by fire, the cattle burned in their cowsheds. Ten local residents and 13 soldiers died. One day later, the Americans invaded and occupied the village.
Until 1938, Dettingen belonged to Oberamt Kirchheim, then to the county of Nürtingen and from 1973 to the county of Esslingen.
Demographics
The number of inhabitants are estimates, census results (¹) or official extrapolations of statistica office Stuttgart.
Year Population
*1654: ca. 511
*1700: ca. 1.000
*3 December 1834: ¹ 2.192
*1 December 1871: ¹ 1.907
*1 December 1900: ¹ 2.048
*17 May 1939: ¹ 2.366
*13 September 1950: ¹ 3.131
*6 June 1961: ¹ 3.616
*27 May 1970: ¹ 4.047
*25 May 1987: ¹ 5.055
*31 December 1995: 5.355
*31 December 2000: 5.438
*31 December 2005: 5.642
*31 December 2010: 5.698
Local council
The local council in Dettingen has 14 members. Communal elections in Baden-Württemberg 25 May 2014 had the following official results. The local council are the elected voluntary members and the mayor as president. The mayor has one vote.
Mayors
*1932–1945: Wilhelm Faßnacht
*1945–1948: Gottlieb Lauxmann
*1948–1957: Julius Mahle
*1957–1972: Richard Käser
*1972–1996: Günter Fischer
*Since 1996: Rainer Haußmann
On 4 March 2012, Rainer Haußmann was re-elected for a third period.
Traffic
The
Teck Railway
The Teck Railway (german: Teckbahn) is a branch line in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, connecting Wendlingen am Neckar with Kirchheim unter Teck and Oberlenningen. In Deutsche Bahn’s timetable it has route number 761. A branch line o ...
runs since 1899 from
Wendlingen
Wendlingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is situated on the Neckar and Lauter rivers, 27 km southeast of Stuttgart.
The town grew in size, officially, on 1 April 1940, when three separ ...
, Kirchheim, Dettingen, Owen to Oberlenningen (about 20 kilometers). The
Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways (''Königlich Württembergische Staats-Eisenbahnen'' or ''K.W.St.E.'') were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg (from 1918 the ''People's State of Württemberg'') between 1843 and 1920. Please ...
built the - now restored and used elsewhere - station building as a unit station type IIa. The station can be found in 1:87 as a model on many model railroads, including name, incidentally, also at the largest model railway in the world in miniature wonderland in Hamburg.
2009, Teck Railway was electrified to Kirchheim and has since been on the S-Bahn Stuttgart traveled, the more distance over Dettingen after Oberlenningen is per direction per hour from a regional train operates. Dettingen belongs to the district of Esslingen the Transport and Tariff Association Stuttgart and is the Tarifwabe Kirchheim / Teck.
Notable people from Dettingen
* Albert Pflüger (1879–1965), Politician (SPD), Member of Landtag
Literature
(in German)
*
Hans Schwenkel: ''Heimatbuch des Kreises Nürtingen'' (Band 2). Würzburg 1953, S. 177–206.
* ''Der Landkreis Esslingen''. Herausgegeben vom Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg i. V. mit dem Landkreis Esslingen, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2009, , Band 1, Seite 403.
* Albert Schüle: ''Heimatbuch der Gemeinde Dettingen unter Teck''. Herausgegeben von der Gemeinde Dettingen unter Teck, Gottlieb & Osswald, Kirchheim 1981.
*Karl Buck: ''Luftfahrt an der Teck – Geschichte und Geschichten zur Fliegerei im Land an der Teck 1928–1958; Gleit-, Segel- und Motorflug. Fluggelände und Privatlandeplatz, Segelflugschule, Flugzeugbau.'' Buck, Ulm 2008, .
References
Esslingen (district)
{{Esslingen-geo-stub