Dettenheim is a
municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
in the district of
Karlsruhe
Karlsruhe ( , , ; South Franconian: ''Kallsruh'') is the third-largest city of the German state (''Land'') of Baden-Württemberg after its capital of Stuttgart and Mannheim, and the 22nd-largest city in the nation, with 308,436 inhabitants. ...
in
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
in
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
.
Geography
The city of Dettenheim consists of the former municipalities Liedolsheim and Rußheim (Russheim). Liedolsheim includes the village of Liedolsheim and the inn and farm of Dettenheim. Rußheim includes the village of Rußheim, the site of a former
RAD
RAD or Rad may refer to:
People
* Robert Anthony Rad Dougall (born 1951), South African former racing driver
* Rad Hourani, Canadian fashion designer and artist
* Nickname of Leonardus Rad Kortenhorst (1886–1963), Dutch politician
* Radley R ...
camp, and houses, grinding mill, public low-income housing estate, and lumber mill.
In the area of Liedolsheim are the former settlements of Nackheim and Schure.
History
In ancient times various German tribes inhabited the land along the banks of the river
Rhine
), Surselva, Graubünden, Switzerland
, source1_coordinates=
, source1_elevation =
, source2 = Rein Posteriur/Hinterrhein
, source2_location = Paradies Glacier, Graubünden, Switzerland
, source2_coordinates=
, so ...
.
Alt-Dettenheim
The name Dettenheim goes back to an ancient village founded about 788 on the present-day western boundary of the municipality, located directly beside the river
Rhine
), Surselva, Graubünden, Switzerland
, source1_coordinates=
, source1_elevation =
, source2 = Rein Posteriur/Hinterrhein
, source2_location = Paradies Glacier, Graubünden, Switzerland
, source2_coordinates=
, so ...
.
![Rheinlauf bei Dettenheim, Sondernheim und Hördt 1700-1880](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Rheinlauf_bei_Dettenheim%2C_Sondernheim_und_H%C3%B6rdt_1700-1880.jpg)
The village was destroyed during the
Thirty Years War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an es ...
(1618-1648), then rebuilt. Over the decades of the 18th century the course of the Rhine moved east, flooding the little community more frequently. (The Rhine has since been changed to the west in its course so that in 2000 the old settlement was a few hundred meters from the Rhine). Subsequently in 1813 all the villagers migrated about sixteen kilometers east southeast, entered the boundaries of what was then ''Altenbürg'', and founded the village and church of ''Karlsdorf''—now part of the municipality of
Karlsdorf-Neuthard
Karlsdorf-Neuthard is a municipality in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Location
Karlsdorf-Neuthard is located about 6 km to the west of Bruchsal and about 18 km to the northeast of Karlsruhe.
History
The ...
. Because
Karl, Grand Duke of Baden
Charles (german: Karl Ludwig Friedrich; 8 July 1786 – 8 December 1818) was Grand Duke of Baden from 11 June 1811 until his death in 1818. He was born in Karlsruhe.
Life
His father was Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden, the heir appare ...
, had granted approval for the move, the new settlement was named in honour of him. Today the old Dettenheim is called Alt-Dettenheim, which consists of only a few houses, including the Gasthaus Löwen (The Lion Guesthouse), rest building, a former brickworks and a memorial boulder. Alt-Dettenheim is a hamlet so is now within one of Dettenheim's two districts.
Liedolsheim
Liedolsheim is located at Latitude/Longitude: N 49° 9' 31.50" E 8° 25' 19.99" (49.15875, 8.42222). In the tumultuous time of the short lived
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is al ...
, Liedolsheim was an early stronghold of the Nazis. In the mid-1920s, agriculture dominated Liedolsheim; about 3% of the labor force were industrial workers in
Karlsruhe
Karlsruhe ( , , ; South Franconian: ''Kallsruh'') is the third-largest city of the German state (''Land'') of Baden-Württemberg after its capital of Stuttgart and Mannheim, and the 22nd-largest city in the nation, with 308,436 inhabitants. ...
and
Hochstetten, or were employed at a local brickyard. Around 84% of farmers cultivated an area of less than two hectares and were therefore on additional farms as day laborers or relied on local trade. According to historian Kurt Hochstuhl, agriculture and handicrafts were exposed to a particular economic pressure, so that the "fear of proletarianization led" to a "collective mental state", "which could easily be exploited for political purposes".
The oldest local
NSDAP
The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that crea ...
group in Baden, the Liedolsheimer group arose from a folkish "reading club for race and the German folk" in 1920 which German Nationalists protected and Trutzbund joined. After its ban in July 1922, the club constituted as a local branch of the NSDAP, which was later also banned in Baden. In July 1923, twenty-four Liedolsheimer residents - including the brothers Albert and Robert Roth and a village teacher named August Kramer - drove to Munich, officially to attend a gymnastics festival participate. In Munich there was a meeting with Hitler in which the formal recording of the Liedolsheimer group was arranged in the NSDAP. A "Schlageter celebration" declared Meeting of National Socialists in Liedolsheim in the same month had a police operation that resulted in the arrest of the brothers Roth failed in the face of their popular support. In the general election in May 1924 a Nazi Party associated organization, the Völkisch Social-block, received 51.9% of the vote in Liedolsheim and 6.5% overall. In December 1924 35.9% of the voters voted for the Deutschvolkische Nazi Party, voting for Robert Roth. In all future elections until 1933, at least one third of the voters decided for the Nazis. In the mayoral election in 1925, there were National Socialists provoked riots in which the Nazi Party member Gustav Kammerer was shot. After a major fire in which several houses and several barns were destroyed in August 1927, Hitler visited Liedolsheim.
[Rummel, ''Dettenheim'', S. 49, 110–112.]
Rußheim
Since at least 1653 Rußheim has been a community. It is located at Latitude/Longitude: N 49° 11' 4.99" E 8° 25' 19.99" (49.18472, 8.42222). The ''Rußheimer Altrhein-Elisabethenwört'' is a great nature area, with peaceful walking trails and meandering bicycle paths. Photographers and painters frequent the area.
Liedolsheim-Rußheim renamed Dettenheim
On January 1, 1975, the municipalities of Liedolsheim and Rußheim were merged in the course of municipal reform to become the community of Liedolsheim-Rußheim. For simplicity the new municipality was renamed Dettenheim on 1 January 1978 because the lengthy name Liedolsheim-Rußheim had been found to be disadvantageous and the historical name Dettenheim was preferred versus possible artificial names.
The previous separation of Dettenheim is the reason that its districts have different area codes.
Coats of Arms of Districts
Dettenheim has two ''Ortsteile'' i.e. Districts.
File:Wappen_Liedolsheim.png, Liedolsheim
File:Wappen_Russheim.png, Rußheim
References
{{Authority control
Karlsruhe (district)
Baden