''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a

cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats. Such a taxon, usually a species, is said to exhibit cosmopolitanism or cosmopolitism. The ext ...

, with native species on all continents except

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

. Most occur in the

Nearctic realm The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface. The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America t ...

. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks include many large and small mammals, including horses, deer, cattle,

lagomorphs The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two living families: the Leporidae ( hares and rabbits) and the Ochotonidae (pikas). The name of the order is derived from the Ancient Greek ''lagos'' (λα� ...

, peccaries,

porcupine Porcupines are large rodents with coats of sharp spines, or quills, that protect them against predation. The term covers two families of animals: the Old World porcupines of family Hystricidae, and the New World porcupines of family, Erethizont ...

s, tapirs, desert bighorn sheep, and humans. The American dog tick (''D. variabilis'') is a member of the genus. ''Dermacentor'' species are vectors of many pathogens, including '' Rickettsia rickettsii'', which causes the disease Rocky Mountain spotted fever, '' Coxiella burnetii'', which causes Q fever, '' Anaplasma marginale'', which causes anaplasmosis in cattle, '' Francisella tularensis'', which causes tularemia, ''

Babesia caballi ''Babesia caballi'' is a species belonging to Alveolata and the family Babesiidae. In horses, it causes the babesiosis disease, called " equine babesiosis". Its length is 2.5-5 µm, while its width is 2 µm. It is usually oval-shaped. ...

'', which causes

equine piroplasmosis Babesiosis or piroplasmosis is a malaria-like parasitic disease caused by infection with a eukaryotic parasite in the order Piroplasmida, typically a ''Babesia'' or ''Theileria'', in the phylum Apicomplexa. Human babesiosis transmission via ti ...

, and the '' Flavivirus'' that causes

Powassan encephalitis Powassan encephalitis, caused by the Powassan virus (POWV), a flavivirus also known as the deer tick virus, is a form of arbovirus infection that results from tick bites. It can occur as a co-infection with Lyme disease since both are transmitte ...

. ''Dermacentor'' ticks inject a

neurotoxin Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity). Neurotoxins are an extensive class of exogenous chemical neurological insultsSpencer 2000 that can adversely affect function in both developing and mature ner ...

that causes

tick paralysis Tick paralysis is the only tick-borne disease that is not caused by an infectious organism. The illness is caused by a neurotoxin produced in the tick's salivary gland. After prolonged attachment, the engorged tick transmits the toxin to its host. ...

Species

As of 2019, about 41 species are placed in the genus: *''

Dermacentor abaensis ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Teng, 1963 *'' Dermacentor albipictus'' Packard, 1869 – winter tick *'' Dermacentor andersoni'' Stiles, 1908 – Rocky Mountain wood tick *''

Dermacentor asper ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks in ...

'' Arthur, 1960 *''

Dermacentor atrosignatus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Neumann, 1906 *''

Dermacentor auratus ''Dermacentor auratus'' is a hard-bodied tick of the genus '' Dermacentor''. It is found in India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Vietnam. The length from capitulum to middle festoon is 7 mm and maximum breadth at its mid length is 5 mm. Adult has ...

'' Supino, 1897 *''

Dermacentor bellulus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Schulze, 1933 *''

Dermacentor circumguttatus ''Dermacentor circumguttatus'' is a species of hard tick belonging to the family Ixodidae. Description ''D. circumguttatus'' can reach a length of . Ornamentation of males consists of eight pale spots near the periphery of the scutum. Festoons ...

'' Neumann, 1897 *''

Dermacentor compactus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks in ...

'' Neumann, 1901 *''

Dermacentor confragus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Schulze, 1933 *''

Dermacentor dispar ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Cooley, 1937 *''

Dermacentor dissimilis ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Cooley, 1947 *''

Dermacentor everestianus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Hirst, 1926 *''

Dermacentor filippovae ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2015 *''

Dermacentor halli ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' McIntosh, 1931 *''

Dermacentor hunteri ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks in ...

'' Bishopp, 1912 *''

Dermacentor imitans ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks inc ...

'' Warburton 1933 *''

Dermacentor kamshadalus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks in ...

'' Neumann, 1908Dmitry A Apanaskevich, Stephen C Barker, ''Dermacentor kamshadalus'' (Acari: Ixodidae), a Tick of Mountain Goats and Sheep in Western United States, Canada, and Russia, Is a Valid Species, ''Journal of Medical Entomology'', tjaa190, https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa190. *''

Dermacentor laothaiensis ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Apanaskevich et al., 2019 *''

Dermacentor latus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Cooley, 1937 *''

Dermacentor limbooliati ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2015 *''

Dermacentor marginatus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Sulzer, 1776 *''

Dermacentor montanus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Filippova & Panova, 1974 *''

Dermacentor nitens ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Neumann, 1897 *''

Dermacentor niveus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks inc ...

'' Neumann 1897 *''

Dermacentor nuttalli ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Olenev, 1928 *'' Dermacentor occidentalis'' Marx, 1892 - Pacific Coast tick *''

Dermacentor panamensis ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Apanaskevich & Bermúdez, 2013 *''

Dermacentor parumapertus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks in ...

'' Neumann, 1901 *''

Dermacentor pasteuri ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks inc ...

'' Apanaskevich et al., 2020Dmitry Apanaskevich, Khamsing Vongphayloth, Pattraporn Jeangkhwoa, Aummarin Chaloemthanetphong, Arunee Ahantarig, Maria Apanaskevich, Paul T. Brey, Khaithong Lakeomany, Wachareeporn Trinachartvanit. 2020. Description of a new species of ''Dermacentor'' Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from the mountains of Laos and Thailand. ''Systematic Parasitology'', https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-020-09916-6. Last accessed 11 Jun 2020. *''

Dermacentor pavlovskyi ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Olenev 1927 *''

Dermacentor pomerantzevi ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Serdyukova, 1951 *''

Dermacentor pseudocompactus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2016Dmitry A. Apanaskevich and Maria A. Apanaskevich. 2016. Description of Two New Species of ''Dermacentor'' Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) From Oriental Asia. ''Systematic Parasitology'' 2016 Feb;93(2):159-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-015-9614-8. Epub 2016 Jan 20. *''

Dermacentor raskemensis ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Pomerantsev, 1946 *'' Dermacentor reticulatus'' Fabricius, 1794 – ornate cow tick, ornate dog tick, meadow tick, marsh tick *''

Dermacentor rhinocerinus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks inc ...

'' Denny, 1843 *''

Dermacentor silvarum ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Olenev 1931 *''

Dermacentor sinicus ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Schulze, 1932 *''

Dermacentor steini ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Schulze, 1933 *''

Dermacentor taiwanensis ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Sugimoto, 1935 *'' Dermacentor tamokensis'' Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2016 *''

Dermacentor ushakovae ''Dermacentor'' is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most occur in the Nearctic realm. Hosts of ''Dermacentor'' ticks incl ...

'' Filippova & Panova 1987 *'' Dermacentor variabilis'' Say, 1821 – wood tick, American dog tick

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q2714520 Ticks Acari genera Parasitic arthropods of mammals Ixodidae