''Der Türmer. Monatsschrift für Gemüt und Geist'' was the name of a national conservative, Protestant cultural journal, which appeared first in

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...

and then in

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

from 1898 to 1943 and was published for a long time by the Baltic German writer , who lived in

Bad Oeynhausen Bad Oeynhausen () is a spa town on the southern edge of the Wiehengebirge in the district of Minden-Lübbecke in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe, East-Westphalia-Lippe region of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The closest larger towns are Bielefeld (39 ki ...

. The name was intended to refer to the tower keeper from

Faust, Part Two ''Faust: The Second Part of the Tragedy'' (german: Faust. Der Tragödie zweiter Teil in fünf Akten.) is the second part of the tragic play ''Faust'' by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. It was published in 1832, the year of Goethe's death. Only part o ...

: "Zum Sehen geboren, zum Schauen bestellt." (Born to see, ordered to look.)

History

The journal sought to give a view of the entire intellectual and social culture of the present day; since 1902 the "Türmer-Jahrbuch" (Türmer Yearbook) had been published alongside. Grotthuß made ''der Türmer'' a central cultural and political medium of the Wilhelminian period. From 3000 (in 1899), the number of copies printed per month climbed to 17,500. In the section "Türmers Tagebuch" Grotthuß attacked the

social democracy Social democracy is a Political philosophy, political, Social philosophy, social, and economic philosophy within socialism that supports Democracy, political and economic democracy. As a policy regime, it is described by academics as advocati ...

, court nobility, money aristocracy and industry, which he accused of "

Byzantinism Byzantinism, or Byzantism, is the political system and culture of the Byzantine Empire, and its spiritual successors the Orthodox Christian Balkan countries of Greece and Bulgaria especially, and to a lesser extent Serbia and some other Orthodox ...

", and "political eunuchy". In 1918, he sided with the old order against the republic and became a fierce advocate of the

Stab-in-the-back myth The stab-in-the-back myth (, , ) was an antisemitic conspiracy theory that was widely believed and promulgated in Germany after 1918. It maintained that the Imperial German Army did not lose World War I on the battlefield, but was instead ...

. When he died in 1920, ''der Türmer'' was "well on his way to becoming one of the strongest and most dangerous opponents of the Weimar system". Grotthuß oriented himself towards the movement. His successor was the Alsatian Heimatkünstler Friedrich Lienhard, who steered the magazine into völkische waters. In 1929, the early National Socialist

Friedrich Castelle Friedrich Castelle (also known as Hans Dietmar, Fritz von Schonebeck or Hans Uhlenbrock; 30 April 1879 – 15 January 1954), was a Völkischer Nationalismus (Völkischer Nationalism, a German ethnic and nationalist movement) journalist and write ...

took over the publication and brought in the two völkisch magazines ''Deutsche Monatshefte'' and ''Die Bergstadt''. In 1943, the magazine was integrated into the

Westermanns Monatshefte Westermann Verlag (English: "Westermann Publishing") is a German publishing firm, founded in the 19th century in Braunschweig, Duchy of Brunswick by George Westermann (23 February 1810 in Leipzig; 7 September 1879 in Wiesbaden). Several other gen ...

. The printing and publishing of the magazine was done by Greiner and Pfeifer in Stuttgart until 1930, then by the national socialist Beenken-Verlag.Neuauflage (Mikrofiche) bei Harald Fischer Verlag
/ref> Walter Ehrenstein, Hedwig Forstreuter,

Stephan Ley Stephan Ley (29 November 1867 – 30 May 1964 in Bonn) was a German music educator, Beethoven researcher and musicologist. Life Born in Bonn, Ley attended the Königliches Gymnasium in Bonn (today the and studied Classical philology, German s ...

, Otto Rennefeld, Otto von Taube, Karl August Walther and Reinhold Zimmermann were among the authors writing for der ''Türmer''.

References

* Danielle Goubard:
Das Frankreichbild in der Zeitschrift Der Türmer (Jg. 1898–1920). Ein Beitrag zur komparatistischen Imagologie
' Diss. RWTH Aachen 1977

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Turmer #Der 1898 establishments in Germany 1943 disestablishments in Germany Conservative magazines published in Germany Cultural magazines published in Germany Defunct political magazines published in Germany Magazines established in 1898 Magazines disestablished in 1943 Magazines published in Berlin Magazines published in Stuttgart