The Department of Texas was a military department of the

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...

that existed from 1850 to 1861, and again from 1865 to 1866, from 1870 to 1913 and during the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. It was subordinate to the

Military Division of the Missouri The Military Division of the Missouri was an administrative formation of the United States Army that functioned through the end of the American Civil War and the Indian Wars that continued after its conclusion. It was created by the War Departmen ...

Commanders

;First creation * Brevet Major General

Persifor Frazer Smith Persifor Frazer Smith (November 16, 1798May 17, 1858) was a United States Army officer during the Seminole Wars and Mexican–American War. As commander of U.S. forces in California, he was one of the last military governors of the occupied terr ...

, 1850 to 1856. * Colonel

Albert Sidney Johnston Albert Sidney Johnston (February 2, 1803 – April 6, 1862) served as a general in three different armies: the Texian Army, the United States Army, and the Confederate States Army. He saw extensive combat during his 34-year military career, figh ...

, April 1, 1856, to May 18, 1857. * Brevet Major General

David E. Twiggs David Emanuel Twiggs (February 14, 1790 – July 15, 1862), born in Georgia, was a career army officer, serving during the War of 1812, the Black Hawk War, and Mexican–American War. As commander of the U.S. Army's Department of Texas when the ...

, May 18, 1857, to February 19, 1861. * Lt. Colonel Washington Seawell, December 10, 1859, to February 6, 1860. (Temporary or Acting) * Colonel Robert E. Lee, February 6, 1860, to December 12, 1860. (Temporary or Acting) * Colonel Carlos A. Waite, February 19th of 1861 to April 23, 1861 when the officers of the U.S. Army's Department of Texas are all taken as prisoners-of-war at the department's headquarters in

San Antonio, Texas ("Cradle of Freedom") , image_map = , mapsize = 220px , map_caption = Interactive map of San Antonio , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = United States , subdivision_type1= State , subdivision_name1 = Texas , subdivision_t ...

. ;Second creation * Bvt. Major General

Gordon Granger Gordon Granger (November 6, 1821 – January 10, 1876) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Union general during the American Civil War, where he distinguished himself at the Battle of Chickamauga. Granger is best remembered for his part in the ...

, June 19, 1865, to August 2, 1865 * Bvt. Major General

Horatio G. Wright Horatio Gouverneur Wright (March 6, 1820 – July 2, 1899) was an engineer and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He took command of the VI Corps in May 1864 following the death of General John Sedgwick. In this capacity, he ...

, July 20, 1865, to Aug. 18, 1866 ;Third creation * Colonel

Joseph J. Reynolds Joseph Jones Reynolds (January 4, 1822 – February 25, 1899) was an American engineer, educator, and military officer who fought in the American Civil War and the postbellum Indian Wars. Early life and career Reynolds was born in Fleming ...

, April 16, 1870, to January 29, 1872 ...Brigadier General Christopher C. Augur, November 1871 to March 1875 * Brigadier General

Edward Ord Edward Otho Cresap Ord (October 18, 1818 – July 22, 1883) was an American engineer and United States Army officer who saw action in the Seminole War, the Indian Wars, and the American Civil War. He commanded an army during the final days of th ...

, April 11, 1875 to December 6, 1880 * Colonel David S. Stanley, December 7, 1880, to January 3, 1881 * Brigadier General

Christopher Columbus Augur Christopher Columbus Augur (July 10, 1821 – January 16, 1898) was an American military officer, most noted for his role in the American Civil War. Although less well known than other Union commanders, he was nonetheless considered an able battl ...

, January 2, 1881 to October 31, 1883 * Brigadier General

Ranald S. Mackenzie Ranald Slidell Mackenzie, also called Bad Hand, (July 27, 1840 – January 19, 1889) was a career United States Army officer and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was described by General Ulysses S. Grant as its ...

, November 1 to Dec. 19, 1883 ... * Brigadier General David S. Stanley, May 8, 1884 to June 1, 1892 ... * Brigadier General

Zenas Bliss Zenas Randall Bliss (April 17, 1835 – January 2, 1900) was an officer and general in the United States Army and a recipient of the Medal of Honor. He formed the first unit of Seminole-Negro Indian Scouts, and his detailed memoirs chronicled lif ...

?April 25, 1895? to May 22, 1897. * Brigadier General

Frederick Dent Grant Frederick Dent Grant (May 30, 1850 – April 12, 1912) was a soldier and United States minister to Austria-Hungary. Grant was the first son of General and President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Grant. He was named after his ...

, October 1902 to January 15, 1904 ;Fourth creation * Brigadier General James Parker, May to August, 1917

References

* {{Union Army Formations

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

1850 establishments in Texas