Denis Higgs
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Denis A. Higgs ( – ) was a British mathematician, Doctor of Mathematics, and professor of mathematics who specialised in combinatorics,
universal algebra Universal algebra (sometimes called general algebra) is the field of mathematics that studies algebraic structures themselves, not examples ("models") of algebraic structures. For instance, rather than take particular groups as the object of stu ...
, and category theory. He wrote one of the most influential papers in category theory entitled ''A category approach to boolean valued set theory'', which introduced many students to
topos theory In mathematics, a topos (, ; plural topoi or , or toposes) is a category that behaves like the category of sheaves of sets on a topological space (or more generally: on a site). Topoi behave much like the category of sets and possess a notio ...
. He was a member of the National Committee of Liberation and was an outspoken critic against the
apartheid in South Africa Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
.


Life

He earned degrees from
Cambridge University The University of Cambridge is a Public university, public collegiate university, collegiate research university in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1209 and granted a royal charter by Henry III of England, Henry III in 1231, Cambridge is the world' ...
, St John's College, in England,
University of the Witwatersrand The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (), is a multi-campus South African public research university situated in the northern areas of central Johannesburg. It is more commonly known as Wits University or Wits ( or ). The university ...
in South Africa, and
McMaster University McMaster University (McMaster or Mac) is a public research university in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The main McMaster campus is on of land near the residential neighbourhoods of Ainslie Wood and Westdale, adjacent to the Royal Botanical Ga ...
in Canada. In 1962, he became a member of the National Committee of Liberation, a movement whose main objective was to dismantle the
apartheid in South Africa Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
. On 28 August 1964, he was kidnapped from his home in Lusaka, Zambia. Then South Africa's Justice Minister
John Vorster Balthazar Johannes "B. J." Vorster (; also known as John Vorster; 13 December 1915 – 10 September 1983) was a South African apartheid politician who served as the prime minister of South Africa from 1966 to 1978 and the fourth state presiden ...
, who later became Prime Minister, denied any involvement by either the South African government or the police, but accused Higgs of being an accessory to the bombing that killed Ethel Rhys and wounded many others. On 1 September, an unidentified man who claimed to be part of British Protectorates called the ''Rand Daily Mail'' newspaper and gave specific details of Denis Higgs's whereabouts. On 2 September, police authorities found him. He was blindfolded and bound in a van over by the Zoo Park area. Although Higgs was wanted for the
Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu and xh, eGoli ), colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa, classified as a megacity, and is one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world. According to Dem ...
railway bombing that killed Rhys, authorities declined to prosecute since Higgs had been returned to South Africa via an extrajudicial kidnapping rather than proper extradition channels. After first leaving South Africa to return to Zambia, on 6 September 1964, Higgs fled to London, accompanied by his family. He later stated that he feared for his safety and that of his family, since a day before his departure, the South African government had begun proceedings of extradition for his alleged participation in the explosion at the Johannesburg Railway Station that killed Rhys.


Career

He emigrated to Canada in 1966, earning a doctorate from McMaster, and held a position as a professor of Pure Mathematics at the
University of Waterloo The University of Waterloo (UWaterloo, UW, or Waterloo) is a public research university with a main campus in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. The main campus is on of land adjacent to "Uptown" Waterloo and Waterloo Park. The university also operates ...
, where he wrote one of the most influential papers in category theory entitled ''A category approach to boolean valued set theory'', which introduced many students to
topos theory In mathematics, a topos (, ; plural topoi or , or toposes) is a category that behaves like the category of sheaves of sets on a topological space (or more generally: on a site). Topoi behave much like the category of sets and possess a notio ...
. In 1973, he generalised the Rasiowa-Sikorski Boolean models to the case of category theory. His academic papers were published in ''
Algebra Universalis ''Algebra Universalis'' is an international scientific journal focused on universal algebra and lattice theory. The journal, founded in 1971 by George Grätzer, is currently published by Springer-Verlag. Honorary editors in chief of the journal ...
'', the ''
Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra The ''Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering that part of algebra likely to be of general mathematical interest: algebraic results with immediate applications, and the development of algebraic ...
'', the '' Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society'', the ''
Journal of the London Mathematical Society The London Mathematical Society (LMS) is one of the United Kingdom's learned societies for mathematics (the others being the Royal Statistical Society (RSS), the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA), the Edinburgh Mathematical S ...
'', and ''
Mathematics of Computation ''Mathematics of Computation'' is a bimonthly mathematics journal focused on computational mathematics. It was established in 1943 as ''Mathematical Tables and other Aids to Computation'', obtaining its current name in 1960. Articles older than fiv ...
'', among other journals. He died on 25 February 2011.


Academic publications

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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Higgs, Denis 20th-century British mathematicians 21st-century British mathematicians South African mathematicians 1932 births 2011 deaths Place of birth missing Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge University of the Witwatersrand alumni Academic staff of the University of Waterloo Academic staff of the University of the Witwatersrand