Delmira Agustini (October 24, 1886 – July 6, 1914) was an
Uruguayan
Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
poet of the early 20th century.
Biography
Born in
Montevideo
Montevideo () is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...
, Uruguay, she began writing when she was ten and had her first book of poems published when she was still a teenager.
She wrote for the magazine ''La Alborada'' (The Dawn). She formed part of the Generation of 1900, along with
Julio Herrera y Reissig
Julio Herrera y Reissig (January 9, 1875 – March 18, 1910) was a Uruguayan poet, playwright and essayist, who began his career during the late Romanticist period and later became an early proponent of Modernism.
Background
He was the son ...
,
Leopoldo Lugones
Leopoldo Antonio Lugones Argüello (13 June 1874 – 18 February 1938) was an Argentine poet, essayist, novelist, playwright, historian, professor, translator, biographer, philologist, theologian, diplomat, politician and journalist. His poetic ...
and
Horacio Quiroga
Horacio Silvestre Quiroga Forteza (31 December 1878 – 19 February 1937) was a Uruguayan playwright, poet, and short story writer.
He wrote stories which, in their jungle settings, used the supernatural and the bizarre to show the struggle of ...
.
Rubén Darío
Félix Rubén García Sarmiento (January 18, 1867 – February 6, 1916), known as Rubén Darío ( , ), was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-language literary movement known as ''modernismo'' (modernism) that flourished at the end of ...
, a Nicaraguan poet, was an important influence for her. She looked up to him as a teacher. Darío compared Agustini to
Teresa of Ávila
Teresa of Ávila, OCD (born Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada; 28 March 15154 or 15 October 1582), also called Saint Teresa of Jesus, was a Spanish Carmelite nun and prominent Spanish mystic and religious reformer.
Active during t ...
, stating that Agustini was the only woman writer since the saint to express herself as a woman.
She specialized in the topic of female sexuality during a time when the literary world was dominated by men. Agustini's writing style is best classified in the first phase of
modernism
Modernism is both a philosophy, philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western world, Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new fo ...
, with themes based on fantasy and exotic subjects.
Eros
In Greek mythology, Eros (, ; grc, Ἔρως, Érōs, Love, Desire) is the Greek god of love and sex. His Roman counterpart was Cupid ("desire").''Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia'', The Book People, Haydock, 1995, p. 215. In the ear ...
, god of love, symbolizes eroticism and is the inspiration to Agustini's poems about carnal pleasures. Eros is the protagonist in many of Agustini's literary works. She even dedicated her third book to him titled ''Los Cálices Vacíos'' (Empty Chalices) in 1913, which was acclaimed as her entrance into a new literary movement, "La Vanguardia" (The Vanguard).
Personal life and death
She married Enrique Job Reyes on August 14, 1913. Their divorce was finalized on June 5, 1914. A month after that, Reyes fatally shot Agustini twice in the head and afterwards committed suicide. She died in her house in
Montevideo
Montevideo () is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...
, Uruguay. She is buried in the
Central Cemetery of Montevideo.
Bibliography
* 1907: ''El libro blanco''
[Web page title]
"Delmira Agustini"
at the Universitat Jaume's "Modernismo en España e Hispanoamérica" website. Retrieved September 1, 2011.
* 1910: ''Cantos de la mañana''
[
* 1913: ''Los cálices vacíos, pórtico de Rubén Darío''][
* 1924: ''Obras completas'' ("Complete Works"): Volume 1, ''El rosario de Eros''; Volume 2: ''Los astros del abismo'', posthumously published (died 1914), Montevideo, Uruguay: Máximo García][
* 1944: ''Poesías'', prologue by Luisa Luisi (Montevideo, Claudio García & Co.][)
* 1971: ''Poesías completas'', prólogue and notes by Manuel Alvar, Barcelona: Editorial Labor][
]
Works translated into other languages
Valerie Martínez has translated many of Agustini's poems into English
English usually refers to:
* English language
* English people
English may also refer to:
Peoples, culture, and language
* ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England
** English national ide ...
. Some of Agustini's poems are translated into Nepali by Suman Pokhrel, and collected in an anthology titled Manpareka Kehi Kavita.[.]
References
External links
*Cathy L. Jrad
"Modernization, Feminism, and Delmira Agustini"
Vanderbilt University
*Judy Veramendi
a novel and play based on the life and writings of Delmira Agustini.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agustini, Delmira
19th-century Uruguayan poets
Uruguayan people of Italian descent
1886 births
1914 deaths
Uruguayan murder victims
Deaths by firearm in Uruguay
People murdered in Uruguay
Burials at the Central Cemetery of Montevideo
Uruguayan women poets
20th-century Uruguayan poets
20th-century Uruguayan women writers
19th-century Uruguayan women writers
19th-century Uruguayan writers
Murder–suicides in South America
1914 murders in Uruguay
1+1 (TV channel) people