Deli River (Indonesian: Sungai Deli) is a river located in
Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
, Indonesia, and courses through
Medan
Medan (; English: ) is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of North Sumatra, as well as a regional hub and financial centre of Sumatra. According to the National Development Planning Agency, Medan is one of the four main ...
before discharging to the
Strait of Malacca
The Strait of Malacca is a narrow stretch of water, 500 mi (800 km) long and from 40 to 155 mi (65–250 km) wide, between the Malay Peninsula (Peninsular Malaysia) to the northeast and the Indonesian island of Sumatra to the southwest, connec ...
near the port city of
Belawan
Belawan ( zh, t=勿老灣, s=, poj=mài lau ôan) is a harbor in Medan, North Sumatra. Located on the northeast coast of Sumatra, Belawan is Indonesia's busiest seaport outside of Java. It constitutes the most northerly of the city of Medan's ...
. It is one of the eight rivers in Medan. The
Deli Sultanate
Sultanate of Deli ( Indonesian: ''Kesultanan Deli Darul Maimoon''; Jawi: ) was a 1,820 km² Malay state in east Sumatra founded in 1630. A tributary kingdom from 1630 it was controlled by various Sultanates until 1814, when it became an ...
was
founded on the delta of the river around 1640,
and later around the 19th century, this river acted as an artery of trade for the sultanate to other areas.
Hydrology
The forest area in the headwaters of the Deli is 3,655 hectares, or 7.59 percent of 48 162 hectares of Deli watershed. With an area of 48 162 hectares, length of 73 kilometers (km), and a width of 5.58 m, Deli watershed should have at least 140 hectares, or 30 percent of the watershed.
Today, the river is heavily polluted. 70 percent of waste in the Deli River are solid or liquid waste, due to waste generated in the densely populated city of Medan (reaching 1,725 tons a day
).
Geography
The river flows in the northeastern area of
Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
with predominantly
tropical rainforest climate
A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southea ...
(designated as ''Af'' in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).
The annual average temperature in the area is 24 °C. The warmest month is January, when the average temperature is around 26 °C, and the coldest is December, at 22 °C.
The average annual rainfall is 2862 mm. The wettest month is October, with an average of 446 mm rainfall, and the driest is June, with 129 mm rainfall.
See also
*
List of rivers of Sumatra
List of rivers flowing in the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.''Map of Indonesia''. Peta Indonesia. Wawasan Nusantara. CV. Indo Prima Sarana. Accessed 29 Juli 2017.
In alphabetical order
Mouth location North coast
Northeast coast
Northwest ...
Notes
:1.Population calculated from the sum of populations in the 14 subdistricts of Medan municipality which were used for population calculation in the citation.
References
{{Rivers of Sumatra
Rivers of North Sumatra
Rivers of Indonesia