''Deinandra bacigalupii'' (sometimes misspelled ''bacigalupi'') is a rare species of flowering plant in the family

Asteraceae The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae w ...

, known by the common names Livermore tarplant and Livermore moonshine. It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

Alameda County, California Alameda County ( ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,682,353, making it the 7th-most populous county in the state and 21st most populous nationally. The county seat is Oakland. Al ...

, where there are only about five known occurrences around Livermore.California Native Plant Society Rare Plant Profile
/ref>Calflora taxon report, University of California, ''Deinandra bacigalupii'' B.G. Baldwin, Livermore moonshine, Livermore tarplant
/ref> It grows in open areas with

alkali soils Alkali, or Alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico- ...

, such as

alkali sink An alkali sink is a salty basin land form. The term may also refer to a North American desert vegetation type (biome) characteristic of that landform.Pam MacKay, Mojave Desert Wildflowers, 2nd Ed., p. 15-16 Rainwater drains to the basin and collec ...

s and meadows.Flora of North America
/ref> This plant was previously included within ''

Deinandra increscens ''Deinandra increscens'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name grassland tarweed. It is endemic to California, where it has been found primarily in Monterey, San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties ...

'' ssp. ''increscens'', but it was separated and elevated to species level in 1999.Baldwin B. G. (1999). ''Deinandra bacigalupii'' (Compositae-Madiinae), a new tarweed from eastern Alameda county, California. ''Madroño'' 46:1 55-57. This is an

annual Annual may refer to: * Annual publication, periodical publications appearing regularly once per year **Yearbook ** Literary annual * Annual plant * Annual report * Annual giving * Annual, Morocco, a settlement in northeastern Morocco * Annuals (b ...

herb producing a solid stem tall. The hairy,

glandular In animals, a gland is a group of cells in an animal's body that synthesizes substances (such as hormones) for release into the bloodstream (endocrine gland) or into cavities inside the body or its outer surface (exocrine gland). Structure De ...

leaves have narrow linear or lance-shaped blades with smooth or lobed edges. The

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

is a cluster of

flower heads A pseudanthium (Greek for "false flower"; ) is an inflorescence that resembles a flower. The word is sometimes used for other structures that are neither a true flower nor a true inflorescence. Examples of pseudanthia include flower heads, compos ...

each surrounded by the upper

bract In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are usually different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or of ...

s on the stem branches. The

head A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may ...

contains 6 to 9 lobed yellow

ray florets The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae w ...

, each a few millimeters long, and several yellow

disc floret The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within the order Asterales. Commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family, Compositae w ...

s with yellow or brown

anthers The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...

. The plant's Latin name is for the American botanist Rimo Bacigalupi (1901–1996).

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment - ''Hemizonia bacigalupii'' (''Deinandra bacigalupii'')United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile: ''Deinandra bacigalupii''''Deinandra bacigalupii'' - Calphotos Photo gallery, University of California
bacigalupii Endemic flora of the San Francisco Bay Area Livermore, California Natural history of Alameda County, California Plants described in 1999 Critically endangered flora of California {{Asteroideae-stub