The Deferribacteraceae are a family of

gram-negative bacteria Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...

which make energy by

anaerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O2). Although oxygen is not the final electron acceptor, the process still uses a respiratory electron transport chain. In aerobic organisms undergoing re ...

.Huber, H., and Stetter, K.O. "Family I. ''Deferribacteraceae'' fam. nov." In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd ed., vol. 1 (The

Archaea Archaea ( ; singular archaeon ) is a domain of single-celled organisms. These microorganisms lack cell nuclei and are therefore prokaryotes. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaebac ...

and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria) (D.R. Boone and R.W. Castenholz, eds.), Springer-Verlag, New York (2001). pp. 465-466.

Description

Deferribacteraceae are

rod-shaped A bacillus (), also called a bacilliform bacterium or often just a rod (when the context makes the sense clear), is a rod-shaped bacterium or archaeon. Bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria. However, the name ''Bacillu ...

, although the rods may be straight or bent. They are

gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...

. Deferribacteraceae perform anaerobic respiration using iron,

manganese Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese is a transition metal with a multifaceted array of industrial alloy use ...

, or

nitrate Nitrate is a polyatomic ion A polyatomic ion, also known as a molecular ion, is a covalent bonded set of two or more atoms, or of a metal complex, that can be considered to behave as a single unit and that has a net charge that is not zer ...

. They can also produce energy by

fermentation Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, it is narrowly defined as the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen. In food ...

. The type genus of the family is ''

Deferribacter ''Deferribacter'' is a genus in the phylum Deferribacterota (Bacteria). Etymology The name ''Deferribacter'' derives from:Latin pref. ''de''-, from; Latin noun ''ferrum'', iron; New Latin grammatical gender, masculine gender noun, a rod''-bacter ...

''.

Phylogeny

Taxonomy

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature ...

(LSPN) See the

NCBI The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The ...

br>webpage on Deferribacteres
Data extracted from the * Phylum Deferribacterota Garrity and Holt 2021 ** Class Deferribacteres Huber & Stetter 2002 *** Order Deferribacterales Huber & Stetter 2002 **** Genus ?'' Petrothermobacter'' Tamazawa et al. 2017 **** Family "Calditerrivibrionaceae" Spring et al. 2022 ***** Genus '' Calditerrivibrio'' Iino ''et al''. 2008 **** Family Deferribacteraceae Huber & Stetter 2002 ***** Genus ''

'' Greene ''et al''. 1997 **** Family "Deferrivibrionaceae" Zavarzina et al. 2022 ***** Genus "'' Deferrivibrio''" Zavarzina et al. 2022 **** Family "Flexistipitaceae" Spring et al. 2022 ***** Genus '' Flexistipes'' Fiala ''et al''. 2000 **** Family "Geovibrionaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020 ***** Genus '' Denitrovibrio'' Myhr & Torsvik 2000 ***** Genus '' Geovibrio'' Caccavo ''et al''. 2000 ***** Genus "'' Limisalsivibrio''" Spring et al. 2022 ***** Genus '' Seleniivibrio '' Rauschenbach et al. 2013 **** Family "Mucispirillaceae" Spring et al. 2022 ***** Genus '' Mucispirillum'' Robertson ''et al''. 2005

History

The family was first described in 2001 in order to hold the genera ''Deferribacter'', ''Flexistipes'', and ''Geovibrio''.

References

Deferribacterota {{bacteria-stub

Description

Phylogeny

Taxonomy

History

See also

References