De Kievit ( en, The Lapwing) is a smock mill in

Menaam Menaam ( nl, Menaldum) is a village in Waadhoeke municipality in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It had a population of around 2,609 citizens in January 2017. Before 2018, the village was part of the Menameradiel municipality. There ar ...

Friesland Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of ...

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

which was built in 1802. The mill has been restored to working order. It is listed as a

Rijksmonument A rijksmonument (, ) is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. At the end of February 2015, the Netherlands ...

History

''De Kievit'' was built in 1802 to drain or pump water into the Berikumerpolder as required. In 1986 it was sold to the Stichting Molens in Menaldumadeel. The mill was restored to working order between 1992 and 1995. It no longer drains the polder, but pumps water in a circuit for demonstration purposes. The mill is listed as a

, number 28578.

Description

''De Kievit'' is what the Dutch describe as a ''Grondzeiler''. It is a two-storey smock mill on a single-storey base. There is no stage, the sails reaching almost to ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The smock and cap are

thatch Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (''Cladium mariscus''), rushes, heather, or palm branches, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof. Since the bulk of ...

ed. The sails are Common sails. They have a span of . The sails are carried on a cast-iron ''windshaft'', which was cast by Gieterij Hardinxveld-Giessendam in 1987. The ''windshaft'' is long. It also carries the ''brake wheel'' which has 44 cogs. This drives the ''wallower'' (25 cogs) at the top of the ''upright shaft''. At the bottom of the ''upright shaft'' there are two ''crown wheels'' The upper ''crown wheel'', which has 35 cogs drives an

Archimedes' screw The Archimedes screw, also known as the Archimedean screw, hydrodynamic screw, water screw or Egyptian screw, is one of the earliest hydraulic machines. Using Archimedes screws as water pumps (Archimedes screw pump (ASP) or screw pump) dates back ...

via a ''crown wheel''. This screw was used to pump water into the polder. The lower ''crown wheel'', which has 35 cogs, drives a gearwheel with 32 cogs on the axle of an Archimedes' screw, which was used to drain the polder. The axle of the screw is diameter and long. The screw is diameter. It is inclined at 10°. Each revolution of the screw lifts of water.

Public access

''De Kievit'' is open to the public at any time it is working.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:De Kievit, Menaldum Windmills in Friesland Windmills completed in 1802 Smock mills in the Netherlands Windpumps in the Netherlands Agricultural buildings in the Netherlands Rijksmonuments in Friesland Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands