David Pines (June 8, 1924 May 3, 2018) was the founding director of the
Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter (ICAM) and the
International Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations".
International may also refer to:
Music Albums
* ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011
* ''International'' (New Order album), 2002
* ''International'' (The T ...
(I2CAM) (respectively, United States-wide and international institutions dedicated to research in and the understanding of emergent phenomena), distinguished
professor
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...
of
physics
Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...
,
University of California, Davis
The University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD, or Davis) is a public land-grant research university near Davis, California. Named a Public Ivy, it is the northernmost of the ten campuses of the University of California system. The inst ...
, research professor of physics and
professor emeritus
''Emeritus'' (; female: ''emerita'') is an adjective used to designate a retired chair, professor, pastor, bishop, pope, director, president, prime minister, rabbi, emperor, or other person who has been "permitted to retain as an honorary title ...
of physics and
electrical
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described ...
and
computer engineering in the Center for Advanced Study,
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (U of I, Illinois, University of Illinois, or UIUC) is a public land-grant research university in Illinois in the twin cities of Champaign and Urbana. It is the flagship institution of the Univer ...
(UIUC), and a staff member in the office of the Materials, Physics, and Applications Division at the
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Los Alamos National Laboratory (often shortened as Los Alamos and LANL) is one of the sixteen research and development laboratories of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), located a short distance northwest of Santa Fe, New Mexico, ...
.
His seminal contributions to the theory of many-body systems and to
theoretical astrophysics
Astrophysics is a science that employs the methods and principles of physics and chemistry in the study of astronomical objects and phenomena. As one of the founders of the discipline said, Astrophysics "seeks to ascertain the nature of the hea ...
were recognized by two
Guggenheim Fellowships,
the
Feenberg Medal, the
Edward A. Frieman Prize for Excellence in Graduate Student Research,
Dirac
Distributed Research using Advanced Computing (DiRAC) is an integrated supercomputing facility used for research in particle physics, astronomy and cosmology in the United Kingdom. DiRAC makes use of multi-core processors and provides a variety o ...
and
Drucker prizes, and by his election to the
National Academy of Sciences,
American Philosophical Society
The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and communit ...
,
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, a ...
,
Russian Academy of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across ...
, and
Hungarian Academy of Sciences and visiting professorships at the
California Institute of Technology
The California Institute of Technology (branded as Caltech or CIT)The university itself only spells its short form as "Caltech"; the institution considers other spellings such a"Cal Tech" and "CalTech" incorrect. The institute is also occasional ...
, College de France,
Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge or Oxford. ...
,
University of Leiden
Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange, as a reward to the city of Le ...
, and the
Université de Paris
, image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg
, image_size = 150px
, caption = Coat of Arms
, latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis
, motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin)
, mottoeng = Here and a ...
.
He was the founding director of the Center for Advanced Study, UIUC (1968–70), was vice-president of the
Aspen Center for Physics
The Aspen Center for Physics is a non-profit Center for research in Physics based in Aspen, Colorado, United States. The Center organizes workshops and conferences to facilitate interactions among research physicists.
The Center was founded in 19 ...
from 1968 to 1972, founder and co-chair of the US-
USSR
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
Cooperative Program in Physics, 1968–89; and a co-founder, vice-president, chair of the board of trustees, and co-chair of the science board of the
Santa Fe Institute
The Santa Fe Institute (SFI) is an independent, nonprofit theoretical research institute located in Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States and dedicated to the multidisciplinary study of the fundamental principles of complex adaptive systems, inclu ...
, from 1982 to 1996.
He was the organizer or co-organizer of fifteen workshops and two summer schools of theoretical physics, was an honorary trustee and honorary member of the Aspen Center for Physics, and a member of the board of overseers at
Sabancı University
Sabancı University ( tr, Sabancı Üniversitesi), established in 1994, is a young foundation university located on a 1.26 million squaremeter campus which is about 40 km from Istanbul's city center. Its first students matriculated in 1999. ...
in
Istanbul
)
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code = 34000 to 34990
, area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side)
, registration_plate = 34
, blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD
, blank_i ...
. Pines died on May 3, 2018 due to
pancreatic cancer.
Early life
David Pines was born to Sidney Pines, a mechanical engineer, and Edith Pines (née Aldeman).
[https://www.wral.com/david-pines-93-insightful-and-influential-physicist-dies/17548826/?comment_order=forward, and Ancestry.com records] He graduated from Highland Park High School in Dallas in 1940, and then studied at
Black Mountain College
Black Mountain College was a private liberal arts college in Black Mountain, North Carolina. It was founded in 1933 by John Andrew Rice, Theodore Dreier, and several others. The college was ideologically organized around John Dewey's educational ...
for one year before enrolling at the
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...
Pines earned a bachelor's degree in physics from UC Berkeley in 1944, and began graduate work there. His studies were interrupted after his first semester when he was drafted into the navy. He served for two years, and then followed
Robert Oppenheimer
J. Robert Oppenheimer (; April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an American theoretical physicist. A professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, Oppenheimer was the wartime head of the Los Alamos Laboratory and is often ...
, who had served as a mentor at Berkeley, to
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the ...
in 1947. He earned his Ph.D. at Princeton under
David Bohm
David Joseph Bohm (; 20 December 1917 – 27 October 1992) was an American-Brazilian-British scientist who has been described as one of the most significant theoretical physicists of the 20th centuryPeat 1997, pp. 316-317 and who contributed ...
in 1950.
Research interests
His last research concerned the search for the organizing principles responsible for emergent behavior in materials where unexpectedly new classes of behavior emerge in response to the strong and competing interactions among their elementary constituents. Some recent research results on correlated electron materials are the development of a consistent phenomenological description of protected magnetic behavior in the pseudogap state of underdoped cuprate superconductors and the discovery of the protected emergence of itinerancy in the Kondo lattice in heavy electron materials and its description using a two-fluid model. He remained interested in the superfluidity of neutron stars revealed by pulsar glitches and in elementary excitations in the helium liquids.
Recent scientific articles
* Protected Behavior in the Pseudogap State of Underdoped Cuprate Superconductors (with V. Barzykin), Phys. Rev. Lett., in the press and condmat 0601396, 2006
* Complex Adaptive Matter: Emergent Phenomena in Materials (with D.L. Cox), MRS Bulletin 30, 425-429, 2005
* Scaling and the Magnetic Origin of Emergent Behavior in Correlated Electron Superconductors (with N. Curro and Z. Fisk), MRS Bulletin 30, pp442–446, 2005
* The Pseudogap: Friend or Foe of High Temperature Superconductivity (with M. Norman and C. Kallin), Adv. Phys. 54, 715, 2005
* Scaling in the Emergent Behavior of Heavy Electron Materials, (with N. Curro, B-L. Young, and J. Schmalian) Phys. Rev.B. 70, 235117 (2004)
* Two Fluid Description of the Kondo Lattice (with S. Nakatsuji and Z. Fisk), Phys Rev. Lett. 92,016401, 2004
* Low Frequency Spin Dynamics in the CeMIn5 Materials (with N. Curro et al.), Phys, Rev. Lett.90, 227202, 2003
* A Spin Fluctuation Model for d-wave Superconductors (with A. Chubukov and j. Schmalian), in “The Physics of Conventional and Unconventional
* Superconductors”, ed. K.H. Benneman and J. B. Ketterson, Springer Pub, 2003 (cond-mat/0201140)
* The Quantum Criticality Conundrum (with R.B. Laughlin, G. Lonzarich, and P. Monthoux), Advances in Physics 50, 361-365, 2001
* The Middle Way (with R. B.Laughlin, B.Stojkovic, J. Schmalian, P.Wolynes), PNAS 97,32-37, 2000
* The Theory of Everything (with R. B. Laughlin), PNAS 97, 27-32 (2000)
Career history
*
A.B.
Bachelor of arts (BA or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree course is generally completed in three or four yea ...
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant u ...
1944
*
M.A.
A Master of Arts ( la, Magister Artium or ''Artium Magister''; abbreviated MA, M.A., AM, or A.M.) is the holder of a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is usually contrasted with that of Master of Science. Tho ...
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the ...
1948
*
Ph.D.
A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...
Princeton University 1950
* Instructor,
University of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn or UPenn) is a private research university in Philadelphia. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is ranked among the highest-regarded universitie ...
1950–52
* Research assistant professor, UIUC 1952–55
* Assistant professor, Princeton University 1955–58
* Member,
Institute for Advanced Study
The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), located in Princeton, New Jersey, in the United States, is an independent center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry. It has served as the academic home of internationally preeminent schola ...
1958–59
* Professor of physics & electrical engineering, UIUC 1959–1995
* Professeur Associe, Faculte des Sciences, Université de Paris 1962–63
* Founding director, Center for Advanced Study, UIUC 1967–70
* Visiting professor, NORDITA 1970
* Visiting scientist, Academy of Sciences, USSR 1970 and 1978
* Visiting scientist, Academy of Sciences,
China 1973
* Exchange professor, Université de Paris 1978
* Professor, Center for Advanced Study, UIUC 1978–1990
* Visiting scientist, Hungarian Academy of Sciences 1979
* Gordon Godfrey Professor,
University of New South Wales
The University of New South Wales (UNSW), also known as UNSW Sydney, is a public research university based in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is one of the founding members of Group of Eight, a coalition of Australian research-intensiv ...
1985
* B. T. Matthias Visiting Scholar (Los Alamos National Laboratory) 1986
* Professor, College de France 1989
* Center for Advanced Study professor of physics and electrical computer engineering, UIUC 1990–1995
* External professor,
Santa Fe Institute
The Santa Fe Institute (SFI) is an independent, nonprofit theoretical research institute located in Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States and dedicated to the multidisciplinary study of the fundamental principles of complex adaptive systems, inclu ...
1989–2002
* Robert Maxwell Professor, Santa Fe Institute 1991
* S. Ulam Visiting Scholar, Los Alamos National Laboratory 1996–97
* Visiting professor,
Royal Institute of Technology,
Stockholm, 1998
* Visiting fellow-commoner, Trinity College, University of Cambridge 2000
Honors
* Member, National Academy of Sciences
* Member, American Philosophical Society
* Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
* Foreign member, Russian Academy of Sciences
* Honorary member, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
* Fellow, American Association for Advancement of Science
* Fellow, American Physical Society
Awards
* National Science Foundation Senior Postdoctoral Fellow in Copenhagen and Paris 1957–58
* John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellow 1962–63 and 1970–71
* Lorentz Professor, University of Leiden 1971
*
Fritz London
Fritz Wolfgang London (March 7, 1900 – March 30, 1954) was a German physicist and professor at Duke University. His fundamental contributions to the theories of chemical bonding and of intermolecular forces ( London dispersion forces) are today ...
Memorial Lecturer (Duke Univ.) 1972
*
Giulio Racah
Giulio (Yoel) Racah ( he, ג'וליו (יואל) רקח; February 9, 1909 – August 28, 1965) was an Italian–Israeli physicist and mathematician. He was Acting President of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem from 1961 to 1962.
The crater ...
Memorial Lecturer (Hebrew Univ.) 1974
* Marchon Lecturer (Univ. of Newcastle upon Tyne) 1976
* Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar (Caltech) 1977
* Eugene Feenberg Memorial Lecturer (Washington U) 1982
* Eastman Kodak - Univ. of Rochester Distinguished Lecturer 1983
*
Friemann Prize in Condensed Matter Physics 1983
*
Dirac Medal
The Dirac Medal is the name of four awards in the field of theoretical physics, computational chemistry, and mathematics, awarded by different organizations, named in honour of Professor Paul Dirac, one of the great theoretical physicists of the 20 ...
for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics 1985
* Emil Warburg Lecturer (Univ. of Bayreuth) 1985
*
Eugene Feenberg Medal 1985
* Daniel C. Drucker Eminent Faculty Award 1994
*
John Bardeen Prize for Superconductivity Theory 2009
* Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize 2016
Significant publications on quantum liquids
* A Collective Description of Electron Interactions: III. Coulomb Interactions in a Degenerate Electron Gas (with D. Bohm). Phys. Rev. 92, 609-625 (1953)
* A Collective Description of Electron Interactions: IV. Electron Interaction in Metals. Phys. Rev. 92, 626-636 (1953)
* Electron Interaction in Metals. Solid State Physics, eds. F. Seitz and D. Turnbull, Academic, N.Y., 1, 3-51 (1955)
* The Correlation Energy of a Free Electron Gas (with P. Nozières). Phys. Rev. 111, 442-454 (1958)
* Collective Energy Losses in Solids. Rev. Mod. Phys. 28, 184-199 (1956)
* The Motion of Slow Electrons in Polar Crystals (with T. D. Lee and F. Low). Phys. Rev. 90, 297-302 (1953)
* Electron-Phonon Interaction in Metals (with J. Bardeen). Phys. Rev. 99, 1140–1150 (1955)
* Nuclear Superconductivity, Proc. of the Rehovoth Conf. on Nuclear Structure, Interscience Press, 26-27 (1957)
* Possible Analogy Between the Excitation Spectra of Nuclei and Those of the Superconducting Metallic State (with A. Bohr and B. Mottelson). Phys. Rev. 110, 936-938 (1958)
* Ground-State Energy and Excitation Spectrum of a System of Interacting Bosons (with N. Hugenholtz). Phys. Rev. 116, 489-506 (1959)
* Effective Interaction of He3 Atoms in Dilute Solutions of He3 in He4 at Low Temperatures (with J. Bardeen and G. Baym). Phys. Rev. 156, 207-221 (1967)
* Zero Sound in Liquid 4He and 3He, Quantum Fluids, Proc. of the Sussex University Symp., 16–20 August 1965, ed. D. F. Brewer, North-Holland Pub. Co., Amsterdam), pp. 257–277 (1966)
* Polarization Potentials and Elementary Excitations in He II at Low Temperatures (with C. H. Aldrich III). J. Low Temp. Phys. 25, 677-690 (1976)
* Polarization Potentials and Elementary Excitations in Liquid 3He (with C. H. Aldrich III). J. Low Temp. Phys. 32, 689-715 (1978)
* Roton Liquid Theory (with K. Bedell and I. Fomin). J. Low Temp. Phys. 48, 417-433 (1982)
* Pseudopotential Theory of Interacting Roton Pairs in Superfluid 4He (with K. Bedell and A. Zawadowski). Phys. Rev. B 29, 102-122 (1984)
* Superfluidity in Neutron Stars (with G. Baym and C. Pethick). Nature 224, 673-674 (1969)
* Inside Neutron Stars, Proc. of 12th Int. Conf. on Low Temperature Physics, ed. Eizo Kanda, Academic Press of Japan, pp. 7–21 (1971)
* Superfluidity in Neutron Stars (with M. A. Alpar). Nature 316, 27-32 (1985)
* Quasiparticle Interactions in Neutron Matter for Applications in Neutron Stars (with J. Wambach and T. L. Ainsworth). Nucl. Phys. A 555, 128-150 (1993)
* Phenomenological Model of Nuclear Relaxation in the Normal State of YBa2Cu3O7 (with A. Millis and H. Monien). Phys. Rev. B 42, 167-177 (1990)
* Toward a Theory of High Temperature Superconductivity in the Antiferro-magnetically Correlated Cuprate Oxides (with P. Monthoux and A. Balatsky). Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 3448-3451 (1991)
* Spin-fluctuation-induced Superconductivity in the Copper Oxides: A Strong Coupling Calculation (with P. Monthoux). Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 961-964 (1992)
* Nearly Antiferromagnetic Fermi Liquids are High Temperature Supercon-ductors: Are the Superconducting Cuprates Nearly Antiferromagnetic Liquids? J. Chem. Phys. Solids 54, 1447–1455 (1993)
* Complex Adaptive Matter: Emergent Phenomena in Materials (with D.L. Cox), MRS Bulletin 30, 425-429, 2005
* Scaling in the Emergent Behavior of Heavy Electron Materials (with N. Curro, B-L. Young, and J. Schmalian, Phys. Rev. B 70,235117 (2004)
* Protected Behavior in the Pseudogap State of Underdoped Cuprate Superconductors (with V. Barzykin), Phys. Rev. Lett., in the press and condmat 0601396, 2006
Books
* The Many-Body Problem. (W. A. Benjamin: N.Y) 456 pp. (1961) (Russian translation, State Publishing House, Moscow, 1963)
* Elementary Excitations in Solids. (W. A. Benjamin: N. Y.) 312 pp. (1963) (Russian translation, State Publishing House, Moscow, 1965). Japanese translation (Syokabo Press, Tokyo, 1974)
* The Theory of Quantum Liquids, Vol. I Normal Fermi Liquids. W. A. Benjamin: NY, 1, 355 pp. (1966). (Russian Translation, Publishing House MIR, Moscow, 1968)
*
Book details.* The Theory of Quantum Liquids Vol. II: Superfluid Bose Liquids (with P. Nozières), Addison-Wesley, 180pp (1990)
Editorial contributions
* Founding editor, ''Frontiers in Physics'', 1961–present
* Editor, ''Reviews of Modern Physics'' 1973–96
* Editor/co-editor of five books
Educational and public service
* Co-founder of the Center for Advanced Study, UIUC, 1967; the Aspen Center for Physics, 1967–69; the US-USSR Cooperative Program in Physics, 1968; the Santa Fe Institute, 1982–84; and the Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter, 1998–1999
* Organizer or co-organizer of fifteen workshops and two summer schools of theoretical physics
* Aspen Center for Physics: vice-president, 1968–72;
* Board of trustees 1968–80; honorary trustee, 1980-; member, 1980-2018
* Santa Fe Institute: co-founder, 1984; vice-president,
* 1984–86; board of trustees, 1984–2002; chair, board of trustees, 1986–87; founding co-chair, science board, 1987–96; member, science board, 1987–1999; 2001-; external faculty 1995-2018
* Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter: founding director and member of board of trustees (now board of governors) and science steering committee, 1999–2018
* National Academy of Sciences; chair, Panel on Condensed Matter Physics, 1994–98
* National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council:
* Physics Survey Committee, 1965–66;
* Board on International Scientific Exchange, founder and chair, 1973–1977
* US/USSR Workshops in Condensed Matter Theory, founder and co-chair, 1968; 1970; 1974; 1978; 1988
* US/USSR Commission on Cooperation in Physics, founder and co-chair, 1975–80
* American Academy of Arts and Sciences: chair, physics section and class membership committee, 1996–99
* Los Alamos National Laboratory:
* T Division Advisory Committee: member 1975–82; chair, 1977–1982
* Institute for Defense Analyses, mentor, Defense Sciences Study Group, 1985–2000
References
External links
Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter a Multicampus and Multidisciplinary Research Program of the University of California
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pines, David
1924 births
2018 deaths
American physicists
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Theoretical physicists
Scientists from Missouri
Physicists from Missouri
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Foreign Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Santa Fe Institute people
United States Navy personnel of World War II
People from Kansas City, Missouri