Data management comprises all
disciplines related to handling
data
In the pursuit of knowledge, data (; ) is a collection of discrete values that convey information, describing quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpret ...
as a valuable resource.
Concept
The concept of data management arose in the 1980s as technology moved from
sequential processing (first
punched card
A punched card (also punch card or punched-card) is a piece of stiff paper that holds digital data represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. Punched cards were once common in data processing applications or to di ...
s, then
magnetic tape
Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic storage made of a thin, magnetizable coating on a long, narrow strip of plastic film. It was developed in Germany in 1928, based on the earlier magnetic wire recording from Denmark. Devices that use mag ...
) to
random access storage. Since it was now possible to store a discrete fact and quickly access it using random access
disk technology, those suggesting that data management was more important than
business process management used arguments such as "a customer's home address is stored in 75 (or some other large number) places in our computer systems." However, during this period, random access processing was not competitively fast, so those suggesting "process management" was more important than "data management" used batch processing time as their primary argument. As
application software
Application may refer to:
Mathematics and computing
* Application software, computer software designed to help the user to perform specific tasks
** Application layer, an abstraction layer that specifies protocols and interface methods used in a ...
evolved into real-time,
interactive usage, it became obvious that both management processes were important. If the data was not well defined, the data would be mis-used in applications. If the process wasn't well defined, it was impossible to meet user needs.
Topics
Topics in data management include:
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Data governance
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Data asset
In the pursuit of knowledge, data (; ) is a collection of discrete values that convey information, describing quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted. ...
#*
Data governance
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Data trustee
In the pursuit of knowledge, data (; ) is a collection of discrete values that convey information, describing quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted. ...
#*
Data custodian or guardian
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Data steward
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Data subject
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a European Union regulation on data protection and privacy in the EU and the European Economic Area (EEA). The GDPR is an important component of EU privacy law and of human rights law, in partic ...
#*
Data ethics
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Data architecture
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Data architecture
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Dataflows
In computing, dataflow is a broad concept, which has various meanings depending on the application and context. In the context of software architecture, data flow relates to stream processing or reactive programming.
Software architecture
Dataf ...
#
Data modeling and
design
A design is a plan or specification for the construction of an object or system or for the implementation of an activity or process or the result of that plan or specification in the form of a prototype, product, or process. The verb ''to design'' ...
# Database and storage management
#* Data maintenance
#*
Database administration
Database administration is the function of managing and maintaining database management systems (DBMS) software. Mainstream DBMS software such as Oracle, IBM Db2 and Microsoft SQL Server need ongoing management. As such, corporations that use D ...
#*
Database management system
#*
Business continuity planning
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Hierarchical storage management
#* Data
subsetting In research communities (for example, earth sciences, astronomy, business, and government), subsetting is the process of retrieving just the parts (a subset) of large files which are of interest for a specific purpose. This occurs usually in a clien ...
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Data security
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Data access
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Data erasure
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Data privacy
Information privacy is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them. It is also known as data ...
#*
Data security
# Reference and master data
#*
Data integration
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Master data management
Master data management (MDM) is a technology-enabled discipline in which business and information technology work together to ensure the uniformity, accuracy, stewardship, semantic consistency and accountability of the enterprise's official shared ...
#*
Reference data
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Data Integration and inter-operability
#* Data movement (
ETL,
ELT
ELT may refer to:
Education
* English language teaching
* Expanded learning time, an American education strategy
* Kolb's experiential learning theory
Mathematics and science
* Ending lamination theorem
* Extremely large telescope, a type ...
)
#* Data interoperability
# Documents and content
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Document management system
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Records management
# Data warehousing and business intelligence and Analytics
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Business intelligence
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Data analysis
Data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleansing, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, informing conclusions, and supporting decision-making. Data analysis has multiple facets and approaches, en ...
and
data mining
#*
Data warehouse and
data mart
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Data analytics
# Metadata
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Metadata management
Metadata management involves managing metadata about other data, whereby this "other data" is generally referred to as content data. The term is used most often in relation to digital media, but older forms of metadata are catalogs, dictionaries, ...
#*
Metadata
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Metadata discovery
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Metadata publishing
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Metadata registry
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Data quality
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Data discovery
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Data cleansing
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Data integrity
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Data enrichment
In the pursuit of knowledge, data (; ) is a collection of discrete values that convey information, describing quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted. ...
#*
Data quality assurance
#*
Secondary data
Usage
In modern
management usage, the term ''data'' is increasingly replaced by ''
information
Information is an abstract concept that refers to that which has the power to inform. At the most fundamental level information pertains to the interpretation of that which may be sensed. Any natural process that is not completely random, ...
'' or even ''
knowledge
Knowledge can be defined as awareness of facts or as practical skills, and may also refer to familiarity with objects or situations. Knowledge of facts, also called propositional knowledge, is often defined as true belief that is disti ...
'' in a non-technical context. Thus data management has become
information management or
knowledge management. This trend obscures the
raw data processing and renders interpretation implicit. The distinction between data and derived value is illustrated by the information ladder.
However, data has staged a comeback with the popularisation of the term
big data, which refers to the collection and analyses of massive sets of data.
Several organisations have established data management centers (DMC) for their operations.
See also
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Open data
*
FAIR data
*
Pseudonymization Pseudonymization is a data management and de-identification procedure by which personally identifiable information fields within a data record are replaced by one or more artificial identifiers, or pseudonyms. A single pseudonym for each replaced ...
*
Information architecture
*
Enterprise architecture
*
Information design
*
Information system
An information system (IS) is a formal, sociotechnical, organizational system designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. From a sociotechnical perspective, information systems are composed by four components: task, people ...
*
Controlled vocabulary
Control may refer to:
Basic meanings Economics and business
* Control (management), an element of management
* Control, an element of management accounting
* Comptroller (or controller), a senior financial officer in an organization
* Controll ...
*
Data curation
*
Data retention
*
Data Management Association
*
Data management plan
*
Data mesh
Data mesh is a sociotechnical approach to build a decentralized data architecture by leveraging a domain-oriented, self-serve design (in a software development perspective), and borrows Eric Evans’ theory of domain-driven design and Manuel Pais� ...
, a domain-oriented data architecture
*
Computer data storage
Computer data storage is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers.
The central processing unit (CPU) of a comput ...
*
Data proliferation Data proliferation refers to the prodigious amount of data, structured and unstructured, that businesses and governments continue to generate at an unprecedented rate and the usability problems that result from attempting to store and manage that da ...
*
Digital preservation
*
Document management
*
Enterprise content management
*
Hierarchical storage management
*
Information repository
*
Machine-readable documents
*
Performance report A performance report is a report on the performance of something. They are routinely produced by government bodies which, being financed by public money, are required to show that the money was spent efficiently and usefully. Such reports will co ...
*
System integration
*
Customer data integration
*
Identity management
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Identity theft
*
Data theft
*
ERP software
*
CRM software
References
External links
*
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