Daru of Baekje (?–77, r. 28–77) was the
second king of
Baekje
Baekje or Paekche (, ) was a Korean kingdom located in southwestern Korea from 18 BC to 660 AD. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla.
Baekje was founded by Onjo, the third son of Goguryeo's founder Jum ...
, one of the
Three Kingdoms of Korea
Samhan or the Three Kingdoms of Korea () refers to the three kingdoms of Goguryeo (고구려, 高句麗), Baekje (백제, 百濟), and Silla (신라, 新羅). Goguryeo was later known as Goryeo (고려, 高麗), from which the modern name ''Kor ...
.
Background
He was the eldest son of the founding monarch
Onjo
Onjo (?–28, r. 18 BC – AD 28) was the founding monarch of Baekje (백제, 百濟), one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. According to the ''Samguk Sagi'' (삼국사기, 三國史記), he founded the royal family of Baekje.
Background
There ...
and became the heir of throne in the year 10. He became king upon Onjo's death in 28 which was the 46th year of his reign. The ''
Samguk Sagi
''Samguk Sagi'' (, ''History of the Three Kingdoms'') is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla. The ''Samguk Sagi'' is written in Classical Chinese, the written language of the literati of ancient Korea, ...
'' records that "''he was a generous man and had presence and esteem''".
[Samguk Sagi, Scroll 23]
Reign
The Samguk Sagi records many battles against the "
Malgal
The Mohe, Malgal, or Mogher, or Mojie, were an East Asian Tungusic people who lived primarily in the modern geographical region of Northeast Asia. The two most powerful Mohe groups were known as the Heishui Mohe, located along the Amur River, a ...
" during Daru's reign. It is unclear who this refers to, as the
Mohe tribes are thought to have occupied
Manchuria
Manchuria is an exonym (derived from the endo demonym " Manchu") for a historical and geographic region in Northeast Asia encompassing the entirety of present-day Northeast China (Inner Manchuria) and parts of the Russian Far East (Outer Manc ...
northwest of the northern Korean kingdom
Goguryeo
Goguryeo (37 BC–668 AD) ( ) also called Goryeo (), was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of Northeast China. At its peak of power, Goguryeo controlled most ...
, far from Baekje's capital (generally presumed to have been in the present-day
Seoul
Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 ...
region). The "Malgal" do not appear to refer to the
Buyeo
Buyeo or Puyŏ (Korean: 부여; Korean pronunciation: u.jʌ or 扶餘 ''Fúyú''), also rendered as Fuyu, was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It is sometimes considered a Korean ki ...
people that founded Baekje, nor to the
Mahan confederacy
Mahan () was a loose confederacy of statelets that existed from around the 1st century BC to 5th century AD in the southern Korean peninsula in the Chungcheong and Jeolla provinces. Gina Lee Barnes, 《State Formation in Korea: Historical and A ...
tribes subjugated by Baekje. They appear to have remained from the earlier period, incited by Chinese commanderies to attack Baekje. The battles indicate that Baekje as a new power was still expanding its control of the central
Korean Peninsula
Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...
.
Samguk Sagi:
* 29 AD, spring, first month. The king paid respects at the shrine of his grandfather,
Jumong
Chumo (Hangul: 추모, Hanja: 鄒牟), posthumously Chumo the Holy (Hangul: 추모성왕, Hanja: 鄒牟聖王), was the founding monarch of the kingdom of Goguryeo, and was worshipped as a god-king by the people of Goguryeo and Goryeo. ''Chumo ...
. Second month. The king made sacrifices to heaven at the southern altar.
* 30 AD, winter, tenth month. Heul-u(屹于) of the eastern district fought the
Malgal
The Mohe, Malgal, or Mogher, or Mojie, were an East Asian Tungusic people who lived primarily in the modern geographical region of Northeast Asia. The two most powerful Mohe groups were known as the Heishui Mohe, located along the Amur River, a ...
to the west of Mt. Masu where he overcame them and awarded by the king.
* 31 AD, autumn, eighth month. Gon-u(昆優), of the fortress of Gobon fought the Malgal and defeated them beheading over 200. Ninth month. The king went hunting at the summit of Mt. Hoeng(橫) and killed two deer in succession, and the people admired and praised him.
* 33 AD, spring, first month. His son Giru is made crown prince. Second month. The king ordered that the southern counties of the country begin to cultivate grain.
* 34 AD, spring, second month. The Marshal Bulwark of the Right, Gaeru, died. He was 90 years old. Heulu from the eastern district became Marshal Bulwark of the Right. Summer, fourth month. There was a red mist in the east. Autumn, ninth month. The Malgal attacked and sacked the Masu Fortress burning down houses of the common folk. Winter, tenth month. They attacked the palisade at Mt. Byeong.
* 37 AD, winter, tenth month. The Marshal Bulwark of the Right, Heulu, became Marshal Bulwark of the Left. Jinhoe of the northern district became Marshal Bulwark of the Right. eleventh month. There was an earthquake that sounded like thunder.
* 38 AD, autumn. The grains did not mature. Private brewing of alcohol was prohibited. Winter, tenth month. The king made a tour to console the two districts of the east and west. The poor people could not support themselves, and they were provided with 200 seok of tax grain.
* 48 AD, spring, second month. A great locust tree in the palace grounds rotted on its own. Third month. The Marshal Bulwark of the Left, Heulu, died. The king wept and mourned him.
* 55 AD, spring and summer. There was a drought. The king was worried and released prisoners, even those who had committed capital offenses. Autumn, eight month. The Malgal assaulted the northern borders.
* 56 AD, spring, second month. The king ordered the people of the eastern district to build
Ugok Fortress (
우곡성/
牛谷城). This was a preparation against the Malgal.
* 63 AD, winter, tenth month. The king expanded his domain to Nangjagok Fortress. Then he sent messengers rival Korean state
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of K ...
to ask to meet them, but they did not come.
* 64 AD, he dispatched soldiers to attack the Wasan Fortress (
와산성/
蛙山城) in Silla (today's
Boeun
Boeun County (''Boeun-gun'') is a county in North Chungcheong Province, South Korea.
History
Boeun ( literally "offering gratitude" or "thanksgiving"), was a South Korean town named in 1406 by a remorseful King Taejong, who felt relieved that he ...
), but they could not take it. Then he moved the soldiers to attack Goeyang Fortress (today's Okcheon or Goesan). Silla dispatched 2,000 soldiers and cavalry who fought back and repelled
he invaders
* 66 AD, he attacked and captured Silla's Wasan Fortress. 200 men were stationed there to defend it, but Silla won it back.
* 70 AD, soldiers were dispatched to attack Silla.
* 73 AD, summer, fifth month, last day of the month. There was a solar eclipse.
* 74 AD, autumn, eighth month. The generals were sent to invade Silla.
* 75 AD, winter, tenth month. Baekje again attacked Wasan and sacked it.
* 76 AD, autumn, ninth month. The fortress of Wasan was taken back by Silla.
* 77 AD, autumn, ninth month. The king died.
Family
* Father:
Onjo of Baekje
Onjo (?–28, r. 18 BC – AD 28) was the founding monarch of Baekje (백제, 百濟), one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. According to the ''Samguk Sagi'' (삼국사기, 三國史記), he founded the royal family of Baekje.
Background
There ...
* Mother: unknown
** Brother: name unknown
** Brother:
Tokusa-Ō
Tokusa-Ō (德佐王, ? – ?) known in Korea as Buyeo Deokjwa (扶餘德佐) was a member of the royal family of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the third son of the founder and first king, Onjo of Baekje.
He only appears in ...
(德佐王, ?–?) - his name in Baekje would have been Buyeo Deokjwa (扶餘德佐), recorded in the Sakyō shoban (左京諸蕃) section of the
Shinsen Shōjiroku
is an imperially commissioned Japanese genealogical record. Thirty volumes in length, it was compiled under the order of Emperor Saga by his brother, the Imperial Prince Manta (万多親王, 788–830). Also by Fujiwara no Otsugu and Fujiwara no ...
as ancestor of several clans making him one of the earliest people from Baekje to settle in Japan.
** Queen(s): unknown
*** Son: 3rd King,
Giru of Baekje
Giru of Baekje (died 128, r. 77–128) was the third king of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
Background
He was the eldest son of King Daru and became the heir to the throne in the year 33. He became king upon Daru's death in 77 whi ...
(己婁王, ?–128) - eldest son, before he became king he was known as Buyeo Giru (扶餘己婁).
See also
*
List of monarchs of Korea
This is a list of monarchs of Korea, arranged by dynasty. Names are romanized according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean. McCune–Reischauer romanizations may be found at the articles about the individual monarchs.
Gojoseon
...
*
History of Korea
The Lower Paleolithic era in the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria began roughly half a million years ago.
Christopher J. Norton, "The Current State of Korean Paleoanthropology", (2000), ''Journal of Human Evolution'', 38: 803–825.
The earlies ...
References
*
![CC BY-SA icon](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/CC_BY-SA_icon.svg)
Content in this article was copied fro
Samguk Sagi Scroll 23at the Shoki Wiki, which is licensed under th
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license
Korea Britannica
{{s-end
77 deaths
Baekje rulers
1st-century monarchs in Asia
Year of birth unknown
1st-century Korean people