Dansranbilegiin Dogsom ( mn, Дансранбилэгийн Догсом; 1884 – July 27, 1941) was a prominent

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...

n revolutionary leader and post-Revolution

political figure A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, a ...

Mongolian People's Republic The Mongolian People's Republic ( mn, Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс, БНМАУ; , ''BNMAU''; ) was a socialist state which existed from 1924 to 1992, located in the historical region of Outer Mongolia in East Asia. It w ...

. He served as Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (titular head of state) of the

from 1936 until he was purged in 1939.

Early life and career

Dogsom was born in 1884 in present-day Bayan-Ovoo district of

Khentii Province Khentii ( mn, Хэнтий) is one of the 21 Aimags of Mongolia, aimags (provinces) of Mongolia, located in the east of the country. Its capital is Chinggis City. The aimag is named after the Khentii Mountains. It is best known as the birthplace ...

. Literate at an early age, he first worked as a scribe in his district and provincial assemblies, and then at the ministry of finance during the

Bogd Khaanate The Bogd Khanate of Mongolia ( mn, , Богд хаант Монгол Улс; ) was the government of Outer Mongolia between 1911 and 1919 and again from 1921 to 1924. By the spring of 1911, some prominent Mongol nobles including Prince Tögs-O ...

. In 1915 he participated as a scribe in negotiations that led to the

Treaty of Kyakhta The Treaty of Kyakhta (or Kiakhta),, ; , Xiao'erjing: بُلِيًاصِٿِ\ٿِاكْتُ تِيَوْيُؤ; mn, Хиагтын гэрээ, Hiagtiin geree, along with the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689), regulated the relations between Imperial ...

Outer Mongolian revolution of 1921

In 1919 Dogsom joined the revolutionary resistance group Züün Khüree (East Khüree), which counted

Soliin Danzan Soliin Danzan ( mn, Солийн Данзан; 1885–1924)Batbayar, Ts. (1996). ''Modern Mongolia: A Concise History.'' Offset Printing, Mongolian Center for Scientific and Technological Information was a central figure in Mongolia's early revo ...

and

Damdin Sükhbaatar Damdin Sükhbaatar ( mn, Дамдины Сүхбаатар, Damdinii Sühbaatar, ; February 2, 1893 – February 20, 1923) was a Mongolian communist revolutionary, founding member of the Mongolian People's Party, and leader of the Mongolia ...

among its members. On June 25, 1920, Züün Khüree merged with the Konsulyn Denj group (

Dambyn Chagdarjav Dambyn Chagdarjav (Mongolian language, Mongolian: Дамбын Чагдаржав; ; 1880 – August 31, 1922) was a Mongolian revolutionary and one of the “first seven” founders of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP) in 1920. He was named pr ...

Darizavyn Losol Darizavyn Losol ( mn, Дарьжавын Лосол ; April 15, 1890 – July 25, 1940) was a revolutionary leader and post-Revolution governmental figure in Mongolia until he was purged in 1939. Early life Losol (or "Darizhavyn" or "Darijavyn" ...

Khorloogiin Choibalsan Khorloogiin Choibalsan ( mn, Хорлоогийн Чойбалсан, spelled ''Koroloogiin Çoibalsan'' before 1941; 8 February 1895 – 26 January 1952) was the leader of Mongolia (Mongolian People's Republic) and Marshal (general chief com ...

, and

Dogsomyn Bodoo Dogsomyn Bodoo, (1885–1922) was a prominent early 20th century Mongolian politician who was one of the founding members of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. He was elected leader of the provisional revolutionary government and fol ...

) to become the

Mongolian People’s Party The Mongolian People's Party (MPP) is a social democratic political party in Mongolia. It was founded as a communist party in 1920 by Mongolian revolutionaries and is the oldest political party in Mongolia. The party played an important role i ...

(MPP), later renamed the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) in 1924. He was one of seven original revolutionaries, "the first seven", to travel to the

Soviet Russia The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...

in 1920 to establish first contacts with the Bolsheviks and seek assistance with their revolutionary struggle. In advance of the revolution, Dogsom and Bodoo returned to Khüree, where they worked to enlarge the party's membership and form an army. After the

Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921 The Mongolian Revolution of 1921 (Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921, or People's Revolution of 1921) was a military and political event by which Mongolian revolutionaries, with the assistance of the Soviet Red Army, expelled Russian White Guar ...

Dogsom held a series of positions within the revolutionary government including in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of War, the MPP Central Committee, and the Economic Council. He was a counselor in the border districts of

Khovd Province Khovd ( mn, Ховд, Howd, ) is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia, located in the west of the country. Its capital is also named Khovd. The Khovd province is approximately 1,580 km from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia's capital. It take ...

(1924-1926), First Secretary at the Mongolian Embassy in

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

(1926-1927), again counselor at Altanbulag (1928-1929), Director of the Revolutionary Museum and Mayor of

Ulaanbaatar Ulaanbaatar (; mn, Улаанбаатар, , "Red Hero"), previously anglicized as Ulan Bator, is the capital and most populous city of Mongolia. It is the coldest capital city in the world, on average. The municipality is located in north ce ...

from 1930 to 1932, and then Mongolia's representative to

Tuvan People's Republic The Tuvan People's Republic (TPR; tyv, Тыва Арат Республик, translit=Tywa Arat Respublik; Yanalif: ''Tьʙа Arat Respuʙlik'', ),) and abbreviated TAR. known as the Tannu Tuva People's Republic until 1926, was a partially rec ...

from 1933 to 1934. In February–March 1936, Dogsom was elected to the Presidium (or Politburo) of the MPRP Central Committee and concurrently as Chairman of the Little Khural, making him titular head of state.

Purge

Shortly after becoming Chairman of the Presidium of the Little Khural in 1936, Dogsom and Prime Minister

Anandyn Amar Anandyn Amar ( mn, Анандын Амар; 1886 – July 10, 1941) was the head of state of the Mongolian People’s Republic from 1932 to 1936 and twice served as prime minister from 1928–1930 and again from 1936–1939. A widely respected p ...

aggravated Interior Minister Choibalsan and Moscow alike when they pardoned prisoners implicated in the Lkhümbe spy ring case in honor of the fifteenth anniversary of the

revolution In political science, a revolution (Latin: ''revolutio'', "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolts against the government, typically due ...

. Dogsom's enemies, particularly Choibalsan, used the event to connect him to the fictitious spy ring and accuse him of being in league with Japanese imperialists. In July 1939 as the

Stalinist repressions in Mongolia The Stalinist repressions in Mongolia ( mn, Их Хэлмэгдүүлэлт, Ikh Khelmegdüülelt, ''"Great Repression"'') refers to an 18 month period of heightened political violence and persecution in the Mongolian People's Republic between ...

drew to a close, Choibalsan arranged the arrest of Dogsom and

on charges of counterrevolution. Besides Choibalsan himself, the two were the last remaining members of the original "First Seven" founders of the MPP. He was sent to Moscow and tried on July 8, 1941 under Soviet authorities. He was executed on July 27 of the same year. Dogsom was rehabilitated and reinstated as a party member according to a proclamation of the Rehabilitation Commission made on January 25, 1967

Notes

References

Biography and Sources

Biography on the Official Website of the Mayor of Ulaanbaatar
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dogsom, Dansrabilegiin 1884 births 1941 deaths Speakers of the State Great Khural Mongolian People's Party politicians Mongolian communists Heads of state of Mongolia Ambassadors of Mongolia Communist rulers Communism in Mongolia Great Purge victims from Mongolia Mongolian people executed abroad Soviet rehabilitations People from Khentii Province Mongolian revolutionaries Executed communists Executed revolutionaries