Daniel Cramer (Daniel Candidus) (20 January 1568 – 5 October 1637) was a German

Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...

theologian and writer from Reetz (Recz),

Brandenburg Brandenburg (; nds, Brannenborg; dsb, Bramborska ) is a states of Germany, state in the northeast of Germany bordering the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony, as well as the country of Poland. With an ar ...

. He was an opponent of the

Ramist Ramism was a collection of theories on rhetoric, logic, and pedagogy based on the teachings of Petrus Ramus, a French academic, philosopher, and Huguenot convert, who was murdered during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in August 1572. Accor ...

s and the

Jesuits The Society of Jesus ( la, Societas Iesu; abbreviation: SJ), also known as the Jesuits (; la, Iesuitæ), is a religious order (Catholic), religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rom ...

Life

He became professor and archdeacon at

Stettin Szczecin (, , german: Stettin ; sv, Stettin ; Latin language, Latin: ''Sedinum'' or ''Stetinum'') is the capital city, capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the Po ...

. Earlier, in the 1590s, he was at the

University of Marburg The Philipps University of Marburg (german: Philipps-Universität Marburg) was founded in 1527 by Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, which makes it one of Germany's oldest universities and the oldest still operating Protestant university in the wor ...

, writing on

Aristotle Aristotle (; grc-gre, Ἀριστοτέλης ''Aristotélēs'', ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Peripatetic school of phil ...

Writings

Cramer is remembered for his

emblem book An emblem book is a book collecting emblems (allegorical illustrations) with accompanying explanatory text, typically morals or poems. This category of books was popular in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries. Emblem books are collections ...

''The True Society of Jesus and the Rosy Cross'' (1617). It was reprinted with different titles: ''Emblemata sacra'' (1624), and ''Emblematum sacrorum'' (1627), composed with the academic and poet Conrad Bachmann (1572-1646). The 1624 edition (with 50 emblems) is the better known. This was followed by the ''Octaginta emblemata moralia nova'' (1630). The common denominator of all the Cramer's emblems is a mystic heart, represented in the most different situations: chained, crowned, nailed to a cross, to the roots of a rosary, endowed with wings, undermined by the devil, and so on. The books of emblems composed by Daniel Cramer are considered by some scholars (for example

Adam McLean Adam McLean (born 7 March 1948 in Glasgow) is a Scottish writer on alchemical texts and symbolism. In 1978 he founded the ''Hermetic Journal'' which he published until 1992 during which time he also started publishing the ''Magnum Opus Hermetic ...

and Giordano Berti) as expressions of the Rosicrucian thought. Indeed, various clues suggest that Cramer was a member of the

Rosicrucian Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its ...

brotherhood. Daniel Cramer wrote also neo-Latin drama, and controversial works in theology. For the

Duke of Pomerania This is a list of the duchies and dukes of Pomerania. Dukes of the Slavic Pomeranian tribes (All Pomerania) The lands of Pomerania were firstly ruled by local tribes, who settled in Pomerania around the 10th and 11th centuries. Non-dynastic ...

, Philipp II, he became involved in writing the church history

Pomerania Pomerania ( pl, Pomorze; german: Pommern; Kashubian: ''Pòmòrskô''; sv, Pommern) is a historical region on the southern shore of the Baltic Sea in Central Europe, split between Poland and Germany. The western part of Pomerania belongs to ...

;
. This was the first such history, and written from a strictly Lutheran perspective
this PDF, about the year 1637, on Cramer
. his preaching in front of Philipp is recorde

Works

*''Areteugenia'' dram

*''Plagium'' (1593) drama *''Isagoge in Metaphysicam Aristotelis'' (1594) *''Synopsis trium librorum rhetoricorum Aristotelis'' (Stettin, 1597) *''Extract und kurtzer warhafftiger Bericht vom Colloquio zu Regensburg, zwischen unsern Theologen ... und den Gehsuiten'' (Stettin, 1602) *''Methodus concionandi, de interpretatione cujusvis textus biblici, tam artificiosa quam populari'' (Stettin, 1605) *''Das Grosse Pomrische Kirchen-Chronicon'', four volumes (Stettin, 1628)

References

Sources

*Adam McLean (editor), Fiona Tait (translator)(1991) ''The Rosicrucian Emblems of Daniel Cramer: The True Society of Jesus and the Rosy Cross'' *Sabine Mödersheim (1994) ''"Domini Doctrina Coronat". Die geistliche Emblematik Daniel Cramers (1568-1637)'' *Wolfgang Harms and Michael Schilling (editors of reprint) (1994) ''Daniel Cramer: Emblemata Sacra'' *Angela Baumann-Koch (2001) ''Frühe lutherische Gebetsliteratur bei

Andreas Musculus Andreas Musculus (also Andreas Meusel; 29 November 1514 – 29 September 1581) was a German Lutheran theologian and Protestant reformer. The name Musculus is a Latinized form of Meusel. Musculus was born in Schneeberg, "generally called only Musc ...

und Daniel Cramer'' *Friedrich Wagnitz (Kiel 2001), ''Daniel Cramer (1568-1637). Ein Leben in Stettin um 1600''

External links

* entries o
Daniel Cramer
in

Rostock Matrikelportal The Rostock Matrikelportal (matriculation portal) disseminates about 186,000 individual-level datasets drawn from the student registers of the University of Rostock from its establishment in 1419 to today. Each entry is faithfully transcribed and li ...

Biobibliography''The Sibyl of the Heart. History and Contents''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cramer, Daniel 1568 births 1637 deaths German Lutheran theologians People from Choszczno County People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg University of Rostock alumni Academic staff of the University of Marburg 17th-century German Protestant theologians German male non-fiction writers 17th-century German writers 17th-century German male writers