The Daily Exchange was a daily newspaper published in

Baltimore Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

from 1858 to 1861. It was originally owned and edited by Charles G. Kerr and Thomas Hall Jr. In 1859, Henry Fitzhugh, William Carpenter, and

Frank Key Howard Frank Key Howard (October 25, 1826 – May 29, 1872) (also cited as Francis Key Howard) was the grandson of Francis Scott Key and Revolutionary War colonel John Eager Howard. Howard was the editor of the '' Daily Exchange'', a Baltimore new ...

bought into the paper. Howard soon headed the editorial staff and

Severn Teackle Wallis Severn Teackle Wallis (September 8, 1816 – April 11, 1894) was an American lawyer and politician. Biography Severn Teackle Wallis graduated from the secular St. Mary's College in northwest inner Baltimore in 1832, and later studied law ...

contributed editorial columns frequently. It was a four-page paper and was published every morning except Sundays. The paper included news items; financial reports and editorials; political intelligence and editorials, claiming to “to preserve a position of honest and fearless independence;” reviews of literature and art; and advertisements.

Background

In 1858, Baltimore was highly run by the mob, and the ''Exchange'' was highly critical of the

Know-Nothing Party The Know Nothing party was a nativist political party and movement in the United States in the mid-1850s. The party was officially known as the "Native American Party" prior to 1855 and thereafter, it was simply known as the "American Party". ...

. Any businesses or political figures involved were viewed as corrupt. Following a series of threats to the editors, on August 12, 1858, the paper's office was broken into, and employees were assaulted and property was destroyed. All of these tactics only served to increase the popularity of the ''Exchange''. In 1860, the scope of the newspaper shifted to national politics and Kerr, Hall, and Fitzhugh sold their shares to

William Wilkins Glenn William Wilkins Glenn (July 20, 1824 - June 24, 1876) was a journalist, newspaper proprietor, and Confederate sympathizer from Baltimore, Maryland. Portions of his estate helped establish the town of Glen Burnie, Maryland.

, who maintained ownership with Carpenter and Howard. The ''Exchange'' backed

John C. Breckinridge John Cabell Breckinridge (January 16, 1821 – May 17, 1875) was an American lawyer, politician, and soldier. He represented Kentucky in both houses of Congress and became the 14th and youngest-ever vice president of the United States. Serving ...

in the 1860 presidential election and supported states' rights although not

secession Secession is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance. Some of the most famous and significant secessions have been: the former Soviet republics le ...

. Because of its anti-Lincoln administration views during the Civil War, the newspaper was suppressed by the government and on September 10, 1861, finally banned from the U.S. Mail. The next day the ''Exchange'' published an editorial of protest and Howard was arrested that night and Glenn was arrested a few days later. Carpenter, who remained free, wrote a scathing editorial appearing on September 14, after which the government permanently suppressed the paper, alongside the Marlboro Planter's Advocate and the Frederick Herald. Days later, two former employees of the ''Exchange,'' Edward F. Carter and William H. Neilson, began publishing the ''Maryland Times'' with Carpenter serving as editor. The paper looked exactly like the ''Exchange'' and was discontinued on September 24, 1861. The ''Maryland News Sheet'' replaced it and was published until August 14, 1862, when it was also suppressed by the government. The ''Exchange'' strongly opposed the nomination of Augustus W. Bradford as a gubernatorial candidate, calling him an "extreme coercionist" and his support of the government, "unconditional". Carter and Neilson then established the ''

Baltimore Daily Gazette The ''Baltimore Gazette'', also known as the ''Baltimore Daily Gazette'' and ''The Gazette'', was a daily newspaper published in Baltimore, Maryland between 1862 and 1875. It broke some high-profile stories including the fact that The Turk, all ...

'' on October 7, 1862, and by 1865 ownership of the paper was returned to Glenn, Carpenter, and Howard.

References

External links

Newspaper page
at Library of Congress

Chronicling America ''Chronicling America'' is an open access, open source newspaper database and companion website. It is produced by the United States National Digital Newspaper Program (NDNP), a partnership between the Library of Congress and the National Endowme ...

project. 1858 establishments in Maryland Defunct newspapers published in Maryland {{Maryland-newspaper-stub