{{Infobox settlement , name = Cristalina, Goias , settlement_type = ''

Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

'' , official_name = Municipality of Cristalina , other_name = , settlement_type , image_skyline = , image_alt = , image_caption = Aerial view of Cristalina , image_flag = Bandeira de Cristalina.jpg , flag_alt = Flag , image_shield =Brasão_de_Cristalina_GO.png , shield_alt = Coat of Arms , nickname = ''Terra dos Cristais'' (''Land of Cristals'') , motto = , image_map = Goias Municip Cristalina.svg , mapsize = 250px , map_caption = Location of Cristalina in the State of Goiás , pushpin_map = Brazil , pushpin_map_size = 250 , pushpin_map_caption = Location in Brazil , coordinates = {{coord, 16, 46, 08, S, 47, 36, 56, W, type:city_region:BR, display=inline,title , subdivision_type =

Country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while the ...

, subdivision_name = {{Flagicon, Brazil

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

, subdivision_type1 =

Region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...

, subdivision_name1 = Central-West , subdivision_type2 =

State State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...

, subdivision_name2 = {{Flagicon, Goiás

Goiás Goiás () is a Brazilian state located in the Center-West region. Goiás borders the Federal District and the states of (from north clockwise) Tocantins, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso. The state capital is Goiânia. ...

, established_title = , established_date = July 18, 1916 , parts_type = , parts_style = , parts = , government_type = , governing_body = , leader_party = Democrats of Brazil , leader_title =

Mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well a ...

, leader_name = Luiz Carlos Attie (2013-2016) , area_footnotes = , area_total_km2 = 6,160.72 , area_urban_km2 = , elevation_footnotes = (

AMSL Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as ''orthometric heights''. The comb ...

) , elevation_m = 1189 , population_footnotes = , population_total = 60,210 , population_urban = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , population_blank2_title =

City A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

, population_blank2 = , population_as_of = 2020 , population_density_km2 = 7.87 , population_demonym = , timezone1 =

BRT BRT may refer to: Transportation * Block register territory, a method for dispatching trains * British Rail Telecommunications * Brookhaven Rail Terminal * Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company, a former transit holding company in New York City * Bro ...

, utc_offset1 = −3 , timezone1_DST = , utc_offset1_DST = , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 73850-000 , area_code_type =

Area code A telephone numbering plan is a type of numbering scheme used in telecommunication to assign telephone numbers to subscriber telephones or other telephony endpoints. Telephone numbers are the addresses of participants in a telephone network, rea ...

, area_code = +55 (Brazil) 61 (Region) , website =
Prefeitura Municipal de Cristalina
, footnotes = Cristalina is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

located in the southeast of the state of

Location

Cristalina is located directly south of the federal capital,

Brasília Brasília (; ) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located at the top of the Brazilian highlands in the country's Central-West region. It was founded by President Juscelino Kubitsche ...

, and is connected to that city by BR-040. It lies on a plateau between the basins of two rivers: the

Corumbá River The Corumbá River (''Rio Corumbá'' in Portuguese) is the most important river in the Central Plateau region of Brazil. Its source is in the Montes de Pireneus, near Pirenópolis, state of Goiás, near the boundary with the Federal District and ...

and the São Marcos. Cristalina is 274 kilometers from

Goiânia Goiânia (; ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Goiás. With a population of 1,536,097, it is the second-largest city in the Central-West Region and the 10th-largest in the country. Its metropolitan area has a population ...

and 125 kilometers from

. Cristalina belongs to the micro-region called Entorno do Distrito Federal, which consists of several cities in Goiás state located outside the boundaries of the Federal District. Cristalina has municipal boundaries with: *North:

Federal District A federal district is a type of administrative division of a federation, usually under the direct control of a federal government and organized sometimes with a single municipal body. Federal districts often include capital districts, and they e ...

*South:

Ipameri Ipameri is a municipality and Latin Catholic bishopric in southeastern Goiás state, in Brazil. The population was 27,174 (2020) in a total area of 4,368.6 km2. It is a major producer of soybeans, corn and livestock. Location and connections ...

*East: Mundo Novo *West:

Luziânia Luziânia is municipality in the state of Goiás, Brazil. This city is a producer of agricultural products including soybeans and beans. Location Luziânia is located 68 km south of Brasília and is part of the area, called Entorno do Dist ...

and

Cidade Ocidental Cidade Ocidental is a municipality located in central Goiás state, Brazil. Geography It is bordered on the north by the Federal District, on the south by Luziânia, on the east by Cristalina and Luziânia, and on the west by Luziânia and Valpar ...

Cristalina is located at the junction of two important highways—the BR 040, which links Brasília to

Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte (, ; ) is the sixth-largest city in Brazil, with a population around 2.7 million and with a metropolitan area of 6 million people. It is the 13th-largest city in South America and the 18th-largest in the Americas. The metropol ...

, and the BR 050, which links

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...

. This location alone has been responsible for much of the growth of the city, which had an increase in population with the foundation and continuous growth of Brasília, which is located at a distance of 125 km. As the name indicates the town is famous for being one of the largest centers of production and commerce of precious and semi-precious stones and crystals in Brazil. The immense variety of stones (such as amethysts, sapphires, emeralds, blue topazes, and tourmaline) and of crystals (found in diverse sizes, shapes and colors) are responsible for the large number of tourists that visit the city. Because of the altitude the climate is mild, with temperatures between 10 and 28 degrees Celsius.

Economy

Today Cristalina is known for its large production of grains, especially seeds. It produces soybeans (140,000 hectares), corn (21,000 hectares), beans (34,000 hectares), sorghum (5,000 hectares), and rice (3,000 hectares). The cattle herd is large with 125,000 head in 2006. In 2007 there were 03 financial institutions (Banco do Brasil S.A, BRADESCO S.A., and Banco Itaú S.A.) and 01 meat-packing house—Cooperativa Agrícola Três Barras Ltda. (22/05/2006) Agricultural data 2006 *Farms: 1,136 *Total area: 330,663 ha. *Area of permanent crops: 7,837 ha. *Area of perennial crops: 143,532 ha. *Area of natural pasture: 101,157 ha. *Area of woodland and forests: 72,679 ha. *Persons dependent on farming: 4,800 *Number of tractors: 967 *Cattle herd: 125,000 Cristalina was the state's largest producer of garlic, coffee, onions, peas, beans, tomatoes, and wheat.

Health and education

*Literacy rate in 2000: 82.3 *Infant mortality rate in 2000: 16.88 in 1,000 live births *Schools: 36 with 13,555 students *Hospitals: 02 with 30 beds *Higher education was represented by two schools: Faculdade Central de Cristalina and Pólo Universitário da UEG. *MHDI (2000): 0.760 *State ranking: 53 (out of 242 municipalities in 2000) *National ranking: 1.571 (out of 5,507 municipalities in 2000) Frigoletto
/ref>

History

The history of Cristalina began in the eighteenth century with gold exploration. An abundance of rock crystal and in 1879 two Frenchmen, Etienne Lopes and Leon Laboissière, residents of Paracatu, bought some of the crystal and exported it to Paris. They then settled in a place called Serra Velha where they set up their operations. Later, after the failure of the first miners, another Frenchman, Emílio Levy, arrived trading cloth for crystal and built his house, stimulating others to arrive. In 1901 the district of Serra dos Cristais was created belonging to the municipality of Santa Luzia, now

. In 1916 it was emancipated as São Sebastião dos Cristais, later changed to Cristalina.

References

External links