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Computational semantics is the study of how to automate the process of constructing and reasoning with meaning representations of
natural language In neuropsychology, linguistics, and philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that has evolved naturally in humans through use and repetition without conscious planning or premeditation. Natural languages ...
expressions. It consequently plays an important role in
natural-language processing Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary subfield of linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence concerned with the interactions between computers and human language, in particular how to program computers to proc ...
and
computational linguistics Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, computational linguistics ...
. Some traditional topics of interest are: construction of meaning representations, semantic
underspecification In theoretical linguistics, underspecification is a phenomenon in which certain features are omitted in underlying representations. Restricted underspecification theory holds that features should only be underspecified if their values are predict ...
, anaphora resolution,Basile, Valerio, et al.
Developing a large semantically annotated corpus
" LREC 2012, Eighth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. 2012.
presupposition In the branch of linguistics known as pragmatics, a presupposition (or PSP) is an implicit assumption about the world or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth is taken for granted in discourse. Examples of presuppositions include ...
projection, and quantifier scope resolution. Methods employed usually draw from formal semantics or statistical semantics. Computational semantics has points of contact with the areas of
lexical semantics Lexical semantics (also known as lexicosemantics), as a subfield of linguistic semantics, is the study of word meanings.Pustejovsky, J. (2005) Lexical Semantics: Overview' in Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, second edition, Volumes 1-14Ta ...
( word-sense disambiguation and semantic role labeling), discourse semantics,
knowledge representation Knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR, KR&R, KR²) is the field of artificial intelligence (AI) dedicated to representing information about the world in a form that a computer system can use to solve complex tasks such as diagnosing a medic ...
and
automated reasoning In computer science, in particular in knowledge representation and reasoning and metalogic, the area of automated reasoning is dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning. The study of automated reasoning helps produce computer prog ...
(in particular,
automated theorem proving Automated theorem proving (also known as ATP or automated deduction) is a subfield of automated reasoning and mathematical logic dealing with proving mathematical theorems by computer programs. Automated reasoning over mathematical proof was a ...
). Since 1999 there has been an ACL special interest group on computational semantics, SIGSEM.


See also

* Discourse representation theory *
Formal semantics (natural language) Formal semantics is the study of grammatical meaning in natural languages using formal tools from logic and theoretical computer science. It is an interdisciplinary field, sometimes regarded as a subfield of both linguistics and philosophy of la ...
*
Minimal recursion semantics Minimal recursion semantics (MRS) is a framework for computational semantics. It can be implemented in typed feature structure formalisms such as head-driven phrase structure grammar and lexical functional grammar. It is suitable for computational ...
* Natural-language understanding * Semantic compression * Semantic parsing * Semantic Web * SemEval *
WordNet WordNet is a lexical database of semantic relations between words in more than 200 languages. WordNet links words into semantic relations including synonyms, hyponyms, and meronyms. The synonyms are grouped into '' synsets'' with short defin ...


Further reading

* Blackburn, P., and Bos, J. (2005), ''Representation and Inference for Natural Language: A First Course in Computational Semantics'', CSLI Publications. . * Bunt, H., and Muskens, R. (1999), ''Computing Meaning, Volume 1'', Kluwer Publishing, Dordrecht. . * Bunt, H., Muskens, R., and Thijsse, E. (2001), ''Computing Meaning, Volume 2'', Kluwer Publishing, Dordrecht. . * Copestake, A., Flickinger, D. P., Sag, I. A., & Pollard, C. (2005)
Minimal Recursion Semantics. An introduction
In Research on Language and Computation. 3:281–332. * Eijck, J. van, and C. Unger (2010): Computational Semantics with Functional Programming. Cambridge University Press. * Wilks, Y., and Charniak, E. (1976), ''Computational Semantics: An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Understanding'', North-Holland, Amsterdam. .


References


External links


Special Interest Group on Computational Semantics (SIGSEM)
of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
IWCS
- International Workshop on Computational Semantics (endorsed by SIGSEM)
ICoS
- Inference in Computational Semantics (endorsed by SIGSEM) Computational linguistics Natural language processing Semantics Computational fields of study {{semantics-stub