The Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal) was an underground

communist party A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A ...

Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mai ...

. CPN (Mashal) was formed in November 1984, following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal (Masal). The new party was founded at a congress (labelled the 'fifth congress') in

Gorakhpur Gorakhpur is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, along the banks of the Rapti river in the Purvanchal region. It is situated 272 kilometers east of the state capital Lucknow. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur dis ...

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

. It was difficult to identify any major ideological difference between the two factions, and probably the split was caused by dissatisfaction with Singh's authoritarian leadership methods.

Mohan Baidya Mohan Baidya ( ne, मोहन वैद्य) is a Nepalese political activist who is the chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal Revolutionary Maoist, a party formed in 2012 by a splinter group from the Nepal Communist Party - Maoist Uni ...

(alias 'Kiran') became general secretary of the new party. Other Central Committee members elected at the Gorakhpur conference were

Chitra Bahadur K.C. Chitra Bahadur K.C. ( ne, चित्रबहादुर के.सी.) is a Nepalese politician and Former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Poverty Alleviation Of Nepal. He is current chairman of the Rastriya Janamorcha (राष्� ...

, Ramsingh Shris, Bhairav Regmi, Govindsingh Thapa,

Pushpa Kamal Dahal Pushpa Kamal Dahal ( ne, पुष्पकमल दाहाल; born 11 December 1954), also widely known by his nom de guerre Prachanda (, ; meaning "fierce"), is a Nepalese politician serving as the current Prime Minister of Nepal. He pre ...

, Khambasingh Kubar, Bachaspati Devkota, C.P. Gajurel,

Dev Gurung Dev Gurung ( ne, देव गुरुङ) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Gurung became Minister of Law and Justice on 22 August 2008. And on 20 August 2022 he became General Secretary of Communis ...

, Ishwari Dahal, Bishnu Pokhrel and Bhakta Bahadur Shrestha.Rawal, Bhim. ''The Communist Movement in Nepal: Origin and Development''.

Kathmandu , pushpin_map = Nepal Bagmati Province#Nepal#Asia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Bagmati Prov ...

: Accham-Kathmandu Contact Forum, 2007. p. 89-90.krantikarinepal.blogsome.com/2006/01/04/kathmandu-4/ In 1986 CPN (Mashal) reformulated its ideology from 'Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought' to 'Marxism–Leninism–Maoism'. The same year the party initiated a failed armed insurrection, which became known as The Sector Incident. A few police posts were attacked in the capital and a statue of

King Tribhuvan Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah ( ne, श्री ५ महाराजाधिराज त्रिभुवन वीर विक्रम शाह देव ) (30 June 1906 – 13 March 1955) was King of Nepal from 11 December 1911 until his ...

was painted black. Later this incident was criticized within the party ranks on the grounds that the identity of the party had been revealed, eventually leading to the resignation of Mohan Vaidya and others in the party leadership. In 1986

(party name ''Prachanda'') was named general secretary of the party. During the popular uprising against the royal regime in 1990, CPN (Mashal) and CPN (Masal) united around the

United National People's Movement United National People's Movement (in Nepali: ''Samyukta Rashtriya Janaandolan'') was a coalition of Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal), Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), Nepal Marxist-Leninist Party, Proletarian Labour Organisation, Nepal Commu ...

. In 1991 CPN (Mashal) merged with

Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention) The Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention) ( ne, नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (चौथो महाधिवेशन), ''Nepala Kamyunishta Parti (Chautho Mahadhiveshan)'') was a communist party in Nep ...

, and formed

Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre) The Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre) was a communist party in Nepal. CPN (UC) was formed on 19–20 November 1990 through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal), Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention), Proletarian Workers O ...

Social analysis

The party considered Nepal as a semi-feudal and semi-colonial country. The party identified the

proletariat The proletariat (; ) is the social class of wage-earners, those members of a society whose only possession of significant economic value is their labour power (their capacity to work). A member of such a class is a proletarian. Marxist philo ...

, peasants (ranging from poor to rich),

petty bourgeoise ''Petite bourgeoisie'' (, literally 'small bourgeoisie'; also anglicised as petty bourgeoisie) is a French term that refers to a social class composed of semi-autonomous peasants and small-scale merchants whose politico-economic ideological ...

and national capitalists as friendly classes, and saw

feudal Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was the combination of the legal, economic, military, cultural and political customs that flourished in Middle Ages, medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a wa ...

landlords and comprador-bureaucratic capitalists as class enemies.Rawal, Bhim. ''The Communist Movement in Nepal: Origin and Development''.

Kathmandu , pushpin_map = Nepal Bagmati Province#Nepal#Asia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = Bagmati Prov ...

: Accham-Kathmandu Contact Forum, 2007. p. 119.

References

{{Reflist Defunct communist parties in Nepal Maoist organisations in Nepal Political parties established in 1984 1984 establishments in Nepal Political parties disestablished in 1991 1991 disestablishments in Nepal

Social analysis

See also

References