The Coat of arms of the Second Spanish Republic was the emblem of the

Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, after the deposition of King Alfonso XIII, and was dissolved on 1 ...

, the government that existed in

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

between April 14, 1931, when

King King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...

Alfonso XIII Alfonso XIII (17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African, was King of Spain from 17 May 1886 to 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alf ...

left the country, and April 1, 1939, when the last of the Republican forces surrendered to

Francoist Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spai ...

forces at the end of the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, link ...

. The National

flag of the Second Spanish Republic The flag of the Second Spanish Republic, known in Spanish as ', was the official flag of Spain between 1931 and 1939 and the flag of the Spanish Republican government in exile until 1977. Its present-day use in Spain is associated with the moder ...

would have the coat of arms in the middle of the central yellow band. There was no coat of arms in the Spanish Republican

Civil Ensign A civil ensign is an ensign (maritime flag) used by civilian vessels to denote their nationality. It can be the same or different from the state ensign and the naval ensign (or war ensign). It is also known as the merchant ensign or merchant flag ...

History

Origin

Following the 1868 Revolution that put an end to the unpopular reign of

Isabella II Isabella II ( es, Isabel II; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904), was Queen of Spain from 29 September 1833 until 30 September 1868. Shortly before her birth, the King Ferdinand VII of Spain issued a Pragmatic Sanction to ensure the successi ...

the

Provisional Government A provisional government, also called an interim government, an emergency government, or a transitional government, is an emergency governmental authority set up to manage a political transition generally in the cases of a newly formed state or ...

that was subsequently established decided to modify the Spanish symbols, doing away with the monarchic elements of the Bourbon Dynasty that had been up till then part of them. After reviewing a few proposals, one of which included a green

civic crown The Civic Crown ( la, corona civica) was a military decoration during the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire, given to Romans who saved the lives of fellow citizens. It was regarded as the second highest decoration to which a citizen ...

, the following coat of arms was adopted: quarterly of Castile,

Leon Leon, Léon (French) or León (Spanish) may refer to: Places Europe * León, Spain, capital city of the Province of León * Province of León, Spain * Kingdom of León, an independent state in the Iberian Peninsula from 910 to 1230 and again f ...

, Aragon and Navarre enté en point of Granada. The crown was a

mural crown A mural crown ( la, corona muralis) is a crown or headpiece representing city walls, towers, or fortresses. In classical antiquity, it was an emblem of tutelary deities who watched over a city, and among the Romans a military decoration. Later ...

instead of the royal crown. The

First Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic ( es, República Española), historiographically referred to as the First Spanish Republic, was the political regime that existed in Spain from 11 February 1873 to 29 December 1874. The Republic's founding ensued after th ...

that was instituted in 1873 adopted the coat of arms of the 1868–1871 Provisional Government without changes. The mural crown topped coat of arms was one of the main official symbols of Spain until the 1874

coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...

by General

Arsenio Martínez-Campos Arsenio is an Italian, Portuguese and Spanish version of the male given name ''Arsenius''. It may refer to: People * Arsenio Balisacan, Filipino economist * Arsénio Bano (born 1974), East Timorese politician * Arsenio Benítez (born 1971), Pa ...

initiated the Bourbon Restoration, putting an end to the period known as Democratic Sexennium ''(Sexenio Democrático)''.

1931

The Spanish Republic reestablished in 1931 revived the coat of arms of the short-lived First Spanish Republic (1873–1874) which had originated in turn in the revision of Spanish symbols that followed the Revolution of 1868. The only exception was that the lion of the second quarter was depicted uncrowned. Cover of the 1931 Constitution The coat of arms of the Second Spanish Republic was flanked by the two

Pillars of Hercules The Pillars of Hercules ( la, Columnae Herculis, grc, Ἡράκλειαι Στῆλαι, , ar, أعمدة هرقل, Aʿmidat Hiraql, es, Columnas de Hércules) was the phrase that was applied in Antiquity to the promontories that flank t ...

bearing scrolls with the motto ''

Plus Ultra ''Plus ultra'' (, , en, "Further beyond") is a Latin phrase and the national motto of Spain. A reversal of the original phrase ''non plus ultra'' ("Nothing further beyond"), said to have been inscribed as a warning on the Pillars of Herc ...

'' (

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

for ''further beyond''). The colour of the scrolls is usually white or pale golden, but there is a high proportion of official representations displaying the red colour.

Gallery

File:Coat of Arms of Spain-1868 Proposal with the Civic Crown.svg, Proposal of 1868 with a

Civic Crown The Civic Crown ( la, corona civica) was a military decoration during the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire, given to Romans who saved the lives of fellow citizens. It was regarded as the second highest decoration to which a citizen ...

as crest,

term, led by Francisco Serrano
(1868–1870) File:Coat of Arms of Spain (1868-1870 and 1873-1874).svg, Coat of arms displaying a crowned lion, used during the Provisional Government term and the First Republic
(1873–1874) File:1870 5 Pesetas.jpg, 5 Peseta coin with the coat of arms first used by the Provisional Govt. File:Coat of Arms of Spain (1931-1939)-Flag Variant.svg, Variant with white pillars File:Escudo de la Segunda Republica en Santander.PNG, Republican Coat of arms carved in stone. Located at the Town Hall square in Santander, it had quietly survived

General Franco Francisco Franco Bahamonde (; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 193 ...

's era until it was removed in December 2008ABC 18-12-08 - La Asociación para la Recuperación de la Memoria Histórica (ARMH), formada por familiares de víctimas del franquismo, saludó la retirada de la estatua, pero criticó que al mismo tiempo se elimine un escudo que a pocos metros recordaba a la Segunda República (1931-1939), como si éste periodo fuese equiparable a la dictadura militar
File:Ministerio de Defensa Nacional-Sello 1936.png, Seal of the 'National Defence Ministry' (''Ministerio de la Defensa Nacional'') File:Moneda-rev-2republica.jpg, Coat of arms of the Spanish Republic on a 1935 Peseta coin File:Portada de la Constitución de 1931, Congreso de los Diputados.png, Cover of the 1931 Constitution of the Spanish Republic with cream coloured scrolls File:EscuelaNacionalNiñas.JPG, Enameled metal plate of a National Girls' School with red coloured scrolls File:MADRID (27-3-10) 129.jpg, Spanish Republican Coat of arms on the Bank of Spain facade in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

References

External links

Wikisource - Decreto del Gobierno Provisional de la República de 27 de abril de 1931

{{in lang, es * ttps://www.fotw.info/flags/es1931.html#coa Coat of Arms of the Second Spanish republic - FOTW Second Spanish Republic National symbols of Spain