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The Chattahoochee River forms the southern half of the
Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...
and Georgia border, as well as a portion of the
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...
- Georgia border. It is a tributary of the Apalachicola River, a relatively short river formed by the confluence of the Chattahoochee and
Flint Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone. Flint was widely used historically to make stone tools and start ...
rivers and emptying from Florida into Apalachicola Bay in the
Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico ( es, Golfo de México) is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United ...
. The Chattahoochee River is about long. The Chattahoochee, Flint, and Apalachicola rivers together make up the Apalachicola–Chattahoochee–Flint River Basin (
ACF River Basin The ACF River Basin is the drainage basin, or watershed, of the Apalachicola River, Chattahoochee River, and Flint River, in the Southeastern United States. This area is alternatively known as simply the Apalachicola Basin and is listed by t ...
). The Chattahoochee makes up the largest part of the ACF's
drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...
.


Course

The source of the Chattahoochee River is located in Jacks Gap at the southeastern foot of Jacks Knob, in the very southeastern corner of Union County, in the southern
Blue Ridge Mountains The Blue Ridge Mountains are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains range. The mountain range is located in the Eastern United States, and extends 550 miles southwest from southern Pennsylvania through Maryland, West Virg ...
, a subrange of the
Appalachian Mountains The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, (french: Appalaches), are a system of mountains in eastern to northeastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. The ...
. The headwaters of the river flow south from ridges that form the Tennessee Valley Divide. The Appalachian Trail crosses the river's uppermost headwaters. The Chattahoochee's source and upper course lie within Chattahoochee National Forest. From its source in the Blue Ridge Mountains, the Chattahoochee River flows southwesterly to
Atlanta Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,7 ...
and through its
suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area, which may include commercial and mixed-use, that is primarily a residential area. A suburb can exist either as part of a larger city/urban area or as a separ ...
s. It eventually turns due-south to form the southern half of the Georgia/Alabama state line. Flowing through a series of
reservoir A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contr ...
s and artificial lakes, it flows by
Columbus Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Ohio, capital of the U.S. state of Ohio Columbus may also refer to: Places ...
, the third-largest city in Georgia, and the
Fort Benning Fort Benning is a United States Army post near Columbus, Georgia, adjacent to the Alabama– Georgia border. Fort Benning supports more than 120,000 active-duty military, family members, reserve component soldiers, retirees and civilian employee ...
Army base. At Columbus, it crosses the
Fall Line A fall line (or fall zone) is the area where an upland region and a coastal plain meet and is typically prominent where rivers cross it, with resulting rapids or waterfalls. The uplands are relatively hard crystalline basement rock, and the coa ...
of the eastern United States. From
Lake Oliver Lake Oliver is a reservoir on the Chattahoochee River, which lies south of Goat Rock Dam ( Goat Rock Lake). The lake is created by the Oliver Dam and Generating Plant, which was completed in 1959 by Georgia Power. The lake was named for Ja ...
to Fort Benning, the Chattahoochee Riverwalk provides cycling, rollerblading, and walking along of the river's banks. Farther south, it merges with the Flint River and other tributaries at Lake Seminole near Bainbridge, to form the Apalachicola River that flows into the Florida Panhandle. The Chattahoochee River ends in the city of Chattahoochee, FL. From there, the same river is then named Apalachicola River, which ends (160 miles away) in the city of Apalachicola, FL (meaning both rivers end in the city named after them). Although the same river, this portion was given a different name by separated settlers in different regions during the colonial times.


Etymology

The name ''Chattahoochee'' is thought to come from a Muskogee word meaning "rocks-marked" (or "painted"), from ''chato'' ("rock") plus ''huchi'' ("marked"). This possibly refers to the many colorful
granite Granite () is a coarse-grained ( phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies un ...
outcroppings along the northeast-to-southwest segment of the river. Much of that segment of the river runs through the Brevard fault zone.


History


Geologic History

The current course of the Chattahoochee River has a geologic history that extends back in time at least 100 million years. A Late Cretaceous system of paleovalleys incised into the Coastal Plain unconformity in the vicinity of Columbus, Georgia is infilled with fluvial sands and gravels of the lower Tuscaloosa Formation. Younger rocks of the overlying Eutaw Formation record an estuarine environment in approximately the same location, suggesting a persistent paleodrainage system in the vicinity of the modern Chattahoochee for at least 10-20 million years during the Late Cretaceous. North of the Fall Line, in the Piedmont of Georgia and Alabama, the course of the Chattahoochee River cuts across prominent, resistant rock layers, including the Hollis Quartzite of the Pine Mountain belt, and must have established its current course prior to uplift of those units. At the mouth of the Chattahoochee-Flint-Apalachicola River system, in the Apalachicola River delta, the geologic history of the delta can be traced at least as far back as the Miocene.


Early history

The vicinity of the Chattahoochee River was inhabited in prehistoric times by
indigenous peoples Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...
since at least 1000 BC. The Kolomoki Mounds, now protected in the Kolomoki Mounds Historic Park near present-day Blakely in Early County in southwest Georgia, were built from 350 AD to 650 AD and constitute the largest mound complex in the state.


Removal of Native Americans

Among the historical Indigenous nations, the Chattahoochee served as a dividing line between the Muscogee (Creek) (to the east) and the
Cherokee The Cherokee (; chr, ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯᎢ, translit=Aniyvwiyaʔi or Anigiduwagi, or chr, ᏣᎳᎩ, links=no, translit=Tsalagi) are one of the indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States. Prior to the 18th century, th ...
territories (to the west) in the Southeast. The Chattahoochee River became the dividing point for the Creek Confederacy, which straddled the river and became known as the
Upper Creek The Muscogee, also known as the Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek, and the Muscogee Creek Confederacy ( in the Muscogee language), are a group of related indigenous (Native American) peoples of the Southeastern WoodlandsRed Sticks and the
Lower Creek The Muscogee, also known as the Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek, and the Muscogee Creek Confederacy ( in the Muscogee language), are a group of related indigenous (Native American) peoples of the Southeastern Woodlandsremoved the Native Americans to extinguish their claims and make way for European-American settlement through a series of treaties, land lotteries, and forced removals lasting from 1820 through 1832. The Muscogee were first removed from the southeastern side of the river, and then the Cherokee from the northwest.


American Civil War

The Chattahoochee River was of considerable strategic importance during the Atlanta Campaign by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman of the
American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and t ...
. Between the tributaries of Proctor Creek and Nickajack Creek on the Cobb and Fulton county lines in metropolitan Atlanta, are nine remaining fortifications nicknamed "Shoupades" that were part of a defensive line occupied by the Confederate Army in early July 1864. Designed by Confederate Brigadier General
Francis A. Shoup Francis Asbury Shoup (March 22, 1834 – September 4, 1896), a lawyer from Indianapolis, Indiana, became a brigadier general for the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. Pre-war Shoup was born near Laurel, Indiana, the fir ...
, the line became known as Johnston's River Line after Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston and is listed on the
National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic ...
. A month prior to the Battle of Atlanta, Shoup talked with Johnston on June 18, 1864, about building fortifications. Johnston agreed, and Shoup supervised the building of 36 small elevated earth and wooden triangular fortifications, arranged in a sawtooth pattern to maximize the crossfire of defenders. Sherman tried to avoid the Shoupade defenses by crossing the river to the northeast. The nine remaining Shoupades consist of the earthworks portion of the original earth and wooden structures; they are endangered by land development in the area. Two of the last battles of the war, West Point and
Columbus Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Ohio, capital of the U.S. state of Ohio Columbus may also refer to: Places ...
took place at strategically important crossings of the Chattahoochee.


Recent history

Since the nineteenth century, early improvements and alterations to the river were for the purposes of navigation. The river was important for carrying trade and passengers and was a major transportation route. In the twentieth century, the
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is Bicameralism, bicameral, composed of a lower body, the United States House of Representatives, House of Representatives, and an upper body, ...
passed legislation in 1944 and 1945 to improve navigation for commercial traffic on the river, as well as to establish hydroelectric power and recreational facilities on a series of lakes to be created by building dams and establishing reservoirs. Creating the manmade, 46,000-acre Walter F. George Lake required evacuating numerous communities, including the historically majority-Native American settlement of Oketeyeconne, Georgia."Oketeyeconne/Chattahoochee Theater"
, Historical Marker Database, accessed 23 June 2012
The lakes were complete in 1963, covering over numerous historic and prehistoric sites of settlement.
, US Army Corps of Engineers, accessed 23 June 2012
Beginning in the late twentieth century, the nonprofit organization called "
Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper (CRK) -- formerly known as Upper Chattahoochee Riverkeeper (UCR) -- is an environmental advocacy organization with 10,000 members dedicated solely to protecting and restoring the Chattahoochee River Basin. CRK was mode ...
" has advocated for the preservation of the environment and ecology of the northern part of the river, especially the part traversing
Metropolitan Atlanta Metro Atlanta, designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget as the Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Alpharetta, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, is the most populous metropolitan statistical area in the U.S. state of Georgia and the ...
. In 2010, a campaign to create a whitewater river course was launched in the portion of the Chattahoochee River that runs through Columbus, Georgia. Between 2010 and 2013, construction took place on the river, the Eagle and Phenix and City Mills Dams were breached and a 2.5 mile Whitewater Course was formed in Uptown, Columbus. The project returned the river to its natural path across the
Fall Line A fall line (or fall zone) is the area where an upland region and a coastal plain meet and is typically prominent where rivers cross it, with resulting rapids or waterfalls. The uplands are relatively hard crystalline basement rock, and the coa ...
, as well as creating the longest urban whitewater course in the world.


Modifications

Several large manmade
reservoir A reservoir (; from French ''réservoir'' ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam. Such a dam may be either artificial, built to store fresh water or it may be a natural formation. Reservoirs can be created in a number of ways, including contr ...
s, including Lanier,
Walter F. George Walter Franklin George (January 29, 1878 – August 4, 1957) was an American politician from the state of Georgia. He was a longtime Democratic United States Senator from 1922 to 1957 and was President pro tempore of the United States Sena ...
, West Point, and George W. Andrews, lakes are controlled by the
United States Army Corps of Engineers , colors = , anniversaries = 16 June (Organization Day) , battles = , battles_label = Wars , website = , commander1 = ...
. The dams and reservoirs were developed following legislation by Congress of the mid-1940s for
flood control Flood control methods are used to reduce or prevent the detrimental effects of flood waters."Flood Control", MSN Encarta, 2008 (see below: Further reading). Flood relief methods are used to reduce the effects of flood waters or high water level ...
, domestic and industrial water,
hydroelectricity Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined an ...
, recreation, and improved navigation for river barges. Most of the lakes were completed by 1963. Numerous historic and prehistoric sites were covered over by the lakes during the flooding of the reservoirs, including Oketeyconne, Georgia. The
Georgia Power Company Georgia Power is an electric utility headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It was established as the Georgia Railway and Power Company and began operations in 1902 running streetcars in Atlanta as a successor to the Atlanta Consolidat ...
also owns a small series of dams along the middle portion of the river (the Columbus area) between West Point Lake and Lake Walter F. George. Several smaller and older lakes and dams also provide these services on a much smaller and more localized scale, including
Bull Sluice Lake Bull Sluice Lake is a small reservoir located along the Chattahoochee River in northern Georgia, in the northern suburbs of metro Atlanta. It is , and is impounded by the Morgan Falls Dam. Besides the hydroelectric power produced by the dam, ...
, which is held by the Morgan Falls Dam. This dam was built by the
Georgia Railway and Power Company Georgia Power is an electric utility headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It was established as the Georgia Railway and Power Company and began operations in 1902 running streetcars in Atlanta as a successor to the Atlanta Consolidat ...
in 1902 to provide electric power for the Atlanta trolley system, which has long since been replaced by other forms of transportation.


River borders

At various points, the Chattahoochee serves as the boundary between several counties and cities, as well as forming the lower half of the boundary between Alabama and Georgia. Within Georgia, it divides: * Habersham County and White County * Forsyth County and Hall County * Forsyth County and
Gwinnett County Gwinnett County ( ) is located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. It forms part of the Atlanta metropolitan area. In 2020, the population was 957,062, making it the second-most populous county in Georgia (after Fulton ...
* Fulton County and Gwinnett County * Sandy Springs and Roswell * Cobb County and Fulton County * Douglas County and Fulton County * Carroll County and Fulton County * Carroll County and Coweta County *
Columbus, Georgia Columbus is a consolidated city-county located on the west-central border of the U.S. state of Georgia. Columbus lies on the Chattahoochee River directly across from Phenix City, Alabama. It is the county seat of Muscogee County, with which it o ...
and Phenix City, Alabama * Georgetown, Georgia and
Eufaula, Alabama Eufaula is the largest city in Barbour County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2010 census the city's population was 13,137. History The site along the Chattahoochee River that is now modern-day Eufaula was occupied by three Muscogee Cree ...


Atlanta

Atlanta is built upon the crest of a large ridge, rather than in the floodplain of the river. This has contributed the preservation of much of the natural scenic beauty of the section that runs through metropolitan Atlanta. North of the metropolis, the
Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CRNRA) preserves a series of sites between Atlanta and Lake Sidney Lanier along the Chattahoochee River in Georgia, U.S. The 48-mile (77 km) stretch of the river affords public recreation opport ...
protects other portions of the riverbanks in a region that is spread across several disconnected areas. The river traverses much of Atlanta's hilly topography of the northern suburbs. Wealthy suburban communities in northern metro Atlanta that abut the river include: Vinings, Buckhead, Sandy Springs, East Cobb, Roswell,
Dunwoody Dunwoody is a city located in DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. As a northern suburb of Atlanta, Dunwoody is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area. It was incorporated as a city on December 1, 2008 but its area establishment dates back to t ...
, Peachtree Corners, Duluth, Johns Creek, and Berkeley Lake. Since three states have needs related to the river, there has been increasing controversy since the late twentieth century related to competing development among the regions and the implications for the river. The enormous growth of metropolitan Atlanta has increased its water withdrawals from the river. This has effects downstream. For example, the
oysters Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all ...
in the Apalachicola Bay of Florida depend on the brackish water mixture of river and ocean water, and the alternating freshwater and saltwater flows that the river and the tides provide. The amount of flow in the Chattahoochee has also been decreased by interbasin water transfers, where water is withdrawn from the Chattahoochee, but discharged as treated sewage water into another river, such as the Oconee River, which flow to the Atlantic Seaboard via the
Altamaha River The Altamaha River is a major river in the U.S. state of Georgia. It flows generally eastward for 137 miles (220 km) from its origin at the confluence of the Oconee River and Ocmulgee River towards the Atlantic Ocean, where it empties ...
. Interest groups and the state of Florida have asked the U.S. Congress to intervene to reduce the priority given to put navigation of the lower Chattahoochee, south of Columbus, by river barge. This requirement causes large water withdrawals, which environmental supporters consider a waste of water needed to support habitats, especially during droughts. The navigation issue has aggravated the fight between Georgia, Florida, and Alabama over rights to the river water. A lawsuit has been filed in the case to reduce priorities given to navigation. The lawsuit is now in court, and may take years to resolve.


Flooding

The most recent major flooding of the Chattahoochee River took place in November 2009. This was caused by torrential rains from Tropical Storm Ida as it tore through the Georgia Piedmont. Downstream from Roswell, the Chattahoochee River remained in moderate flood stage. Streams affected by the September 2009 floods included the following: * Chattahoochee River *
Vickery Creek Big Creek or Vickery Creek is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed April 15, 2011 stream in Forsyth and Fulton counties in Georgia. The creek mouth into the Chattahoochee Ri ...
* Johns Creek * Sweetwater Creek * Nancy Creek * Peachtree Creek * Oconee River * James Creek The second most recent major flood along the river occurred during the 2009 Georgia floods, with of water recorded at Vinings at the northwestern Atlanta city limit. The flood was over higher than the previous flood recorded in September 2004, as a result of Hurricane Fred. Numerous tributaries also swelled far over and beyond their banks. These were the highest water levels seen since 1990, and the second-highest ever since the large
Buford Dam Buford Dam is a dam in Buford, Georgia which is located at the southern end of Lake Lanier, a reservoir formed by the construction of the dam in 1956. The dam itself is managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. The dam is made o ...
was built upstream. The
National Weather Service The National Weather Service (NWS) is an agency of the United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the ...
in Peachtree City estimated that this was a
500-year flood A 100-year flood is a flood event that has a 1 in 100 chance (1% probability) of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The 100-year flood is also referred to as the 1% flood, since its annual exceedance probability is 1%.Holmes, R.R., Jr. ...
event.


Gauges

The main stream gauges are located: * at
Helen Helen may refer to: People * Helen of Troy, in Greek mythology, the most beautiful woman in the world * Helen (actress) (born 1938), Indian actress * Helen (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) Places * Helen, ...
(near downtown) * near Cornelia (6 miles or 10 km northwest of) * near Buford (4 miles or 6 km northwest of) immediately down from Buford Dam * near Norcross (5 miles or 8 km north of) on Medlock Bridge Road * near Roswell (4 miles or 6 km southeast of) just off old Riverside Road * below Morgan Falls Dam TW * at Vinings (3 miles or 5 km southwest of) and Atlanta on Pace's Ferry Road bridge * near Campbellton (1 mile or 2 km northwest of) and Fairburn on Georgia 92 bridge * at Whitesburg (2 miles or 3 km southeast of) at Main Street ( Georgia 16) bridge * at Franklin at Main Street (
U.S. 27 U.S. Route 27 (US 27) is a north–south United States Highway in the southern and midwestern United States. The southern terminus is at US 1 in Miami, Florida. The northern terminus is at Interstate 69 (I-69) in Fort Wayne, Indiana ...
) bridge in downtown * at West Point (1 mile or 2 km "northeast", actually north, of the center of town) * at
Columbus Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Ohio, capital of the U.S. state of Ohio Columbus may also refer to: Places ...
on 14th Street N (
U.S. 280 U.S. Route 280 (US 280) is a spur of U.S. Highway 80. It currently runs for 392 miles (631 km) from Blichton, Georgia at US 80 to Birmingham, Alabama at I-20/I-59. For much of its route, US 280 travels through rural areas and smaller citie ...
) bridge to Phenix City, Alabama * at Walter F. George Dam (USACE) in Fort Gaines * at
George W. Andrews Lake George W. Andrews Lake is a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers , colors = , anniversaries = 16 June (Organization Day) , battles = , battles_label = Wars , website ...
& dam (USACE) south of Columbia, Alabama then in November 2009 it flooded Vinings again. Water-level forecasts are regularly issued only at Vinings and Atlanta. Forecasts are issued only during high water at Norcross, Whitesburg, West Point, and the Lake Walter F. George and Andrews Dams. All other locations have observations only.


Tributaries

Tributary A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drai ...
creeks,
stream A stream is a continuous body of surface water flowing within the bed and banks of a channel. Depending on its location or certain characteristics, a stream may be referred to by a variety of local or regional names. Long large streams ...
s, and
river A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of ...
s, as well as lakes, along with the county they are in: * Dukes Creek (White) * Smith Creek (White) *
Chickamauga Creek Chickamauga Creek refers to two short tributaries of the Tennessee River, which join the river near Chattanooga, Tennessee. The two streams are North Chickamauga Creek and South Chickamauga Creek, joining the Tennessee from the north and south s ...
(White) * Blue Creek (White) * White Creek (White) * Mossy Creek (White) * Amys Creek (Habersham) * Soque River (Habersham) * Mud Creek (Habersham and Hall) * Hagen Creek (Hall) * Flat Creek (White and Hall) *''
Helen Helen may refer to: People * Helen of Troy, in Greek mythology, the most beautiful woman in the world * Helen (actress) (born 1938), Indian actress * Helen (given name), a given name (including a list of people with the name) Places * Helen, ...
gauge (HDCG1)'' *Big Creek (Hall) * Lake Lanier and
Buford Dam Buford Dam is a dam in Buford, Georgia which is located at the southern end of Lake Lanier, a reservoir formed by the construction of the dam in 1956. The dam itself is managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. The dam is made o ...
( Dawson, Forsyth, Gwinnett,
Hall In architecture, a hall is a relatively large space enclosed by a roof and walls. In the Iron Age and early Middle Ages in northern Europe, a mead hall was where a lord and his retainers ate and also slept. Later in the Middle Ages, the gre ...
, and Lumpkin) ** Chestatee River (Dawson/Hall border, Forsyth/Hall border, and Lumpkin) * Six Mile Creek (Forsyth) * James Creek (Forsyth) * Johns Creek (Forsyth and north Fulton, city of Johns Creek, Georgia) * Bald Ridge Creek (Forsyth) * Audry Mill Creek (North Fulton) * Crooked Creek (DeKalb) * Young Deer Creek (Forsyth) * Four Mile Creek (Forsyth) * Dick Creek (Forsyth) * Level Creek (Gwinnett) * Haw Creek (Forsyth) * Two Mile Creek (Forsyth) * Shoal Creek (Gwinnett and Hall) * Suwanee Creek (Gwinnett) * Brushy Creek (Gwinnett) * Richland Creek (Gwinnett) * Rogers Creek (Gwinnett) *'' Norcross gauge (NCRG1)'' * Mavern Creek (north Fulton) * Old Mill Creek (north Fulton) *
Vickery Creek Big Creek or Vickery Creek is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed April 15, 2011 stream in Forsyth and Fulton counties in Georgia. The creek mouth into the Chattahoochee Ri ...
(Forsyth, north Fulton) *'' Roswell gauge (RWLG1) * Willeo Creek (Cobb/Fulton border) *
Bull Sluice Lake Bull Sluice Lake is a small reservoir located along the Chattahoochee River in northern Georgia, in the northern suburbs of metro Atlanta. It is , and is impounded by the Morgan Falls Dam. Besides the hydroelectric power produced by the dam, ...
and Morgan Falls Dam * Ball Mill Creek ( DeKalb and Fulton) * Beech Creek (Fulton) * Summerbrook Creek (Fulton) * Mountain Health Creek (Fulton) * Arrowhead Creek (Cobb) * Mulberry Creek (Cobb) * Nancy Creek (DeKalb and Fulton) * Nannyberry Creek (Cobb) * Nickajack Creek (Cobb) * Owl Creek (Cobb) * Rottenwood Creek (Cobb) *
Sope Creek Sope Creek is an U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed April 15, 2011 stream located in Cobb County, Georgia, United States. It is a significant tributary of the Chattahooche ...
(Cobb) * Trout Lily Creek (Cobb) *'' Vinings gauge at Pace's Ferry (VING1)'' * Peachtree Creek (Fulton) * Proctor Creek (Fulton) * Cabin Creek (Fulton) * Camp Creek (Fulton) *
Charlie's Trapping Creek Charlie's Group Limited is a New Zealand-based producer of beverage drinks. It is owned by the Japanese beverage company Asahi. Charlie's was founded in 1999 by Marc Ellis, Stefan Lepionka and Simon Neal. Originally the company produced f ...
(Fulton) * Crooked Creek (Fulton and Gwinnett) * Dog River (Douglas) * Hewlett Creek (Fulton) * Long Island Creek (Fulton) * Marsh Creek (Fulton) * Whitewater Creek (Troup) * Sandy Creek (Fulton) * Sweetwater Creek (Cobb, Douglas, and Paulding) * Pea Creek (south Fulton) * Pine Creek (south Fulton) * Deep Creek (south Fulton) *Mill Branch (south Fulton) *
Brock Branch Brock may refer to: Businesses * Brock Motors, a short-lived automotive company founded in 1921 in Amherstberg, Ontario * Crowne Plaza Niagara Falls – Fallsview also known as the Brock Hotel, a hotel in Niagara Falls, Ontario * Brock Hotel Co ...
(south Fulton) * Browns Lake (south Fulton) * Anneewakee Creek (Douglas) * Basket Creek (Douglas) * Bear Creek (Douglas) * Bear Creek (south Fulton) * Tuggle Creek (south Fulton) *White Oak Creek (south Fulton) * Turkey Creek (south Fulton) * Gilberts Branch (Douglas) * Hurricane Creek (Carroll and Douglas) *
Wolf Creek Wolf Creek may refer to: Bodies of water Missouri * Wolf Creek (Beaver Creek tributary) * Wolf Creek (Cane Creek tributary) * Wolf Creek (Cave Creek tributary) * Wolf Creek (Elkhorn Creek tributary) * Wolf Creek (South Grand River tributary) * ...
(Carroll) *
Acorn Creek Acorn Creek is a stream in Carroll County in the U.S. state of Georgia, at an elevation of above mean sea level. It is a tributary to the Chattahoochee River with a discharge rate of 2.74 cfs. Etymology Acorn Creek takes its name from Acorn Tow ...
(Carroll) * Snake Creek (Carroll) *
Wahoo Creek Wahoo (''Acanthocybium solandri'') is a scombrid fish found worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas. It is best known to sports fishermen, as its speed and high-quality flesh makes it a prized and valued game fish. In Hawaii, the wahoo is ...
(Coweta) *'' Whitesburg gauge (WHTG1)'' * Mulberry Creek ( Harris and Talbot) * Pataula Creek (Clay, Quitman, Randolph, and Stewart) * Bull Creek (Muscogee) *
Upatoi Creek Upatoi Creek is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed April 15, 2011 river in western Georgia, just outside Columbus. It runs from Upatoi, through South Columbus, and to the ...
(Chattahoochee/Muscogee border and Marion/Talbot border) *
Moores Creek Moores the Suit People, Corp., operating as Moores Clothing for Men, is a Canadian company specializing in business clothing and formalwear for men. It is an affiliate of Men's Wearhouse in the United States. The company's ad slogan is: "Well m ...
(Langdale, AL) *'' West Point gauge (WTPG1)'' * West Point Lake (Chambers, AL, Heard, GA, and Troup, GA) * Lake Harding (Harris, GA and Lee, AL) *
Goat Rock Lake Goat Rock Lake is a reservoir on the Chattahoochee River, which lies directly south of Bartlett's Ferry Dam (Lake Harding) and north of Lake Oliver. The lake is created by the Goat Rock Dam and Generating Plant. The name of the dam and lake ...
(Harris, GA and Lee, AL) *
Lake Oliver Lake Oliver is a reservoir on the Chattahoochee River, which lies south of Goat Rock Dam ( Goat Rock Lake). The lake is created by the Oliver Dam and Generating Plant, which was completed in 1959 by Georgia Power. The lake was named for Ja ...
(Lee, AL, Russell, AL, and Muscogee, GA) *''
Columbus Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Ohio, capital of the U.S. state of Ohio Columbus may also refer to: Places ...
gauge (CMUG1)'' * Walter F. George Lake (Barbour, Henry, Houston, and Russell, AL and Clay, Quitman, and Stewart, GA) * Omussee Creek (Houston, AL) * Lake Seminole (Jackson, FL, Decatur, GA, and Seminole, GA) Note that the above list is incomplete, and that each item is not in the exact order in which it joins the Chattahoochee. (For confluences now inundated by lakes, it may be impossible to determine from current maps exactly where they were.)


Popular culture

The beauty of the Chattahoochee River is commemorated in the poem ''The Song of the Chattahoochee'' (1877), by the noted Georgian poet
Sidney Lanier Sidney Clopton Lanier (February 3, 1842 – September 7, 1881) was an American musician, poet and author. He served in the Confederate States Army as a private, worked on a blockade-running ship for which he was imprisoned (resulting in his catch ...
. Lake Lanier on the Chattahoochee is named for him.
Country music Country (also called country and western) is a genre of popular music that originated in the Southern and Southwestern United States in the early 1920s. It primarily derives from blues, church music such as Southern gospel and spirituals, ...
artist
Alan Jackson Alan Eugene Jackson (born October 17, 1958) is an American singer-songwriter. He is known for blending traditional honky-tonk and mainstream country pop sounds (for a style widely regarded as "neotraditional country"), as well as penning many ...
released his song " Chattahoochee" in 1993 as a single off his album ''
A Lot About Livin' (And a Little 'bout Love) ''A Lot about Livin' (and a Little 'bout Love)'' is the third studio album by American country music artist Alan Jackson. It was released on October 6, 1992, and produced the singles, "Chattahoochee", "She's Got the Rhythm (and I Got the Blues ...
'' (the name of the album being the last line of the aforementioned song's chorus). "Chattahoochee" received Country Music Association awards for Single of the Year and Song of the Year.


See also

*
List of Alabama rivers This is a list of rivers of the US state of Alabama. Alabama has over 77,000 miles of rivers and streams with more freshwater biodiversity than any other US state. Alabama's rivers are among the most biologically diverse waterways in the world. ...
* List of Florida rivers * List of Georgia rivers * Metropolitan River Protection Act


References


External links

*
Fishing in Nancy Creek
{{authority control 1Chattahoochee Borders of Alabama Borders of Florida Borders of Georgia (U.S. state) Rivers of Carroll County, Georgia Rivers of Chambers County, Alabama Rivers of Chattahoochee County, Georgia Rivers of Cobb County, Georgia Geography of Columbus, Georgia Rivers of Coweta County, Georgia Rivers of Douglas County, Georgia Rivers of Early County, Georgia Rivers of Forsyth County, Georgia Rivers of Fulton County, Georgia Rivers of Gwinnett County, Georgia Rivers of Habersham County, Georgia Rivers of Lee County, Alabama Rivers of Muscogee County, Georgia Rivers of White County, Georgia Rivers of Alabama Rivers of Florida Rivers of Georgia (U.S. state) Roswell, Georgia Tourist attractions in Roswell, Georgia