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Chakwal District (
Punjabi Punjabi, or Panjabi, most often refers to: * Something of, from, or related to Punjab, a region in India and Pakistan * Punjabi language * Punjabi people * Punjabi dialects and languages Punjabi may also refer to: * Punjabi (horse), a British Th ...
and ur, ) is in
Pothohar Plateau The Pothohar Plateau ( ur, ) is a plateau in north-eastern Pakistan, located between Indus River and the Jhelum River, forming the northern part of Punjab. Geography Potohar Plateau is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the ...
of Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the north of the Punjab province, Chakwal district is bordered by
Khushab Khushab (punjabi: خُوشاب) is a town as well as a district of Sargodha Division, located in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The word ''Khushab'' means "sweet water." Khushab city also serves as the headquarters of Khushab Tehsil, an admi ...
to its south, Rawalpindi to its north east, Jhelum to its east,
Mianwali Mianwali ( Punjabi/ ur, ) is the capital city of Mianwali District in Punjab, Pakistan. The 81st largest city of Pakistan, it is known for its diverse population of, Punjabi and Pashtun ethnicities. History Mianwali District was an agri ...
to its west and
Attock Attock (Punjabi and Urdu: ), formerly known as Campbellpur (), is a historical city located in the north of Pakistan's Punjab Province, not far from the country's capital Islamabad. It is the headquarters of the Attock District and is 61st lar ...
to its north west. The district was created out of parts of Jhelum and Attock in 1985.


History

During
British rule The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...
, Chakwal was a tehsil of Jhelum district, the population according to the 1891 census of India was 164,912 which had fallen to 160,316 in 1901. It contained the towns of Chakwal and
Bhaun Bhaun ( ur, ) is a town in Chakwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan 12 kilometres away from the district capital Chakwal. In 2007 Pakistan Railways Pakistan Railways ( ur, ) is the national, state-owned railway company of Paki ...
and 248 villages. The land revenue and
cess Cess is a tax that is generally levied for promoting services like health and education. Governments often charge cess for the purpose of development in social sectors. The word is a shortened form of "assess". The spelling is due to a mistaken ...
es amounted in 1903-4 to 3–300,000.Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 10, p. 126
Dsal.uchicago.edu. Retrieved on 21 April 2012.
The predominantly Muslim population supported
Muslim League Muslim League may refer to: Political parties Subcontinent ; British India *All-India Muslim League, Mohammed Ali Jinah, led the demand for the partition of India resulting in the creation of Pakistan. ** Punjab Muslim League, a branch of the orga ...
and
Pakistan Movement The Pakistan Movement ( ur, , translit=Teḥrīk-e-Pākistān) was a List of historical separatist movements, political movement in the first half of the 20th century that aimed for the creation of Pakistan from the Muslims, Muslim-majority a ...
. After the
independence Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the st ...
of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslims refugees from India settled down in the area of Chakwal later it was upgraded as a District on 1st of July 1985.


Administrative divisions

The district of Chakwal, which covers an area of 6,524 km2, is subdivided into five tehsils. These tehsils were formerly part of neighbouring districts: *
Chakwal Tehsil Chakwal Tehsil ( ur, ), is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Chakwal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The tehsil is subdivided into 30 Union Councils - five of which form the capital Chakwal. During British rule the tehsil wa ...
was annexed from Jhelum District and made part of the newly formed Chakwal District. * Choa Saidan Shah was carved out of sub-division
Pind Dadan Khan Pind Dadan Khan (P.D. Khan), a city in Jhelum District, Punjab, Pakistan, is the capital of Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil, which is an administrative subdivision of the district. Location It is located at 32°35'16N 73°2'44E on the bank of River Jhelu ...
of Jhelum District and was amalgamated with sub-division
Chakwal Chakwal ( Punjabi and ur, ) is a city in Rawalpindi Division, Punjab province, Pakistan. It is the 66th largest city of Pakistan by population. Chakwal is located 90 kilometres south-west of the federal capital, Islamabad and 270 kilometr ...
. Choa Saidan Shah was upgraded to the level of a sub-division in 1993. The district is administratively subdivided into three tehsils and 45 union councils.Tehsils & Unions in the District of Chakwal
. Nrb.gov.pk. Retrieved on 21 April 2012.


Constituencies

There is one district council, one municipal committees —
Chakwal Chakwal ( Punjabi and ur, ) is a city in Rawalpindi Division, Punjab province, Pakistan. It is the 66th largest city of Pakistan by population. Chakwal is located 90 kilometres south-west of the federal capital, Islamabad and 270 kilometr ...
— and two town committees — Choa Saidan Shah and
Kallar Kahar Kallar Kahar ( ur, ) is a town and subdivision (Tehsil) of Chakwal District in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the capital of Kallar Kahar Tehsil.
. The district is represented in the National Assembly by two constituencies: NA-60 and NA-61. The district is represented in the provincial assembly by four elected MPAs and in National Assembly by two MNAs who represent the following constituencies:


Geography

Chakwal district borders the districts of Rawalpindi and
Attock Attock (Punjabi and Urdu: ), formerly known as Campbellpur (), is a historical city located in the north of Pakistan's Punjab Province, not far from the country's capital Islamabad. It is the headquarters of the Attock District and is 61st lar ...
in the north, Jhelum in the east,
Khushab Khushab (punjabi: خُوشاب) is a town as well as a district of Sargodha Division, located in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The word ''Khushab'' means "sweet water." Khushab city also serves as the headquarters of Khushab Tehsil, an admi ...
in the south and
Mianwali Mianwali ( Punjabi/ ur, ) is the capital city of Mianwali District in Punjab, Pakistan. The 81st largest city of Pakistan, it is known for its diverse population of, Punjabi and Pashtun ethnicities. History Mianwali District was an agri ...
in the west. The total area of Chakwal district is 6,609 square kilometres, which is equivalent to . The southern portion runs up into the Salt Range and includes the Chail peak, above the sea, the highest point in the district. Between this and the Sohan river, which follows more or less the northern boundary, the country consists of what was once a fairly level plain, sloping down from at the foot of the hills to in the neighbourhood of the Sohan; the surface is now much cut up by ravines and is very difficult to travel over.


Demography

At the time of the 2017 census the district had a population of 1,495,463, of which 723,178 were males and 772,166 females. Rural population is 1,211,855 (81.03%) while the urban population is 283,608 (18.96%). The literacy rate was 74.64% for the population 10 years and above: 84.64% for males and 65.57% for females. Muslims made up almost the entire population with 99.67%, with the minorities being 3,700
Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι� ...
and 960
Ahmadis Ahmadiyya (, ), officially the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community or the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama'at (AMJ, ar, الجماعة الإسلامية الأحمدية, al-Jamāʿah al-Islāmīyah al-Aḥmadīyah; ur, , translit=Jamā'at Aḥmadiyyah Musl ...
. Hindus number around 190. At the time of the 2017 census, 93.35% of the population spoke
Punjabi Punjabi, or Panjabi, most often refers to: * Something of, from, or related to Punjab, a region in India and Pakistan * Punjabi language * Punjabi people * Punjabi dialects and languages Punjabi may also refer to: * Punjabi (horse), a British Th ...
, 4.40% Pashto and 1.63% Urdu as their first language. The local Punjabi dialects are Dhani and Awankari.


Education

Chakwal has a total of 1,199 government schools out of which 52 percent (627 schools) are for female students. The district has an enrollment of 181,574 in public sector schools.


Educational institutions

Educational institutions in the Chakwal District include: * Government Post Graduate College (Chakwal) * University Of Chakwal


Notable people

*
Yahya Khan General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan , (Urdu: ; 4 February 1917 – 10 August 1980); commonly known as Yahya Khan, was a Pakistani military general who served as the third President of Pakistan and Chief Martial Law Administrator following his p ...
, former President of Pakistan, was born in Chakwal city in 1917. * Manmohan Singh, former Prime Minister of India, was born in Gah village (formerly part of Jhelum District) *
Khudadad Khan Subedar Khudadad Khan, VC (20 October 1888 – 8 March 1971) was a Pakistani and the recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest military award for gallantry in the face of the enemy given to British and Commonwealth forces. During ...
, VC, British Indian Army. *
Malik Nur Khan Air Marshal Malik Nur Khan Awan ( ur, ; 22 February 1923 – 15 December 2011) commonly known as Nur Khan, was a three-star air officer, politician, sports administrator, and the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Air Force, serving under ...
, was a three-star air officer, politician, sports administrator, and the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Air Force, serving under President Ayub Khan from 1965 until 1969. *
Muhammad Safdar Lt. General Muhammad Safdar (Punjabi and ur, ) (1 December 1936 - 26 April 2022) was the former Governor of Punjab, the largest province of Pakistan, having served from 1999 to 2001. He had previously also served as the Pakistani Amba ...
, Lt. General Muhammad Safdar is the former Governor of Punjab, having served from 1999 to 2001. He has also previously served as the ambassador to Morocco and the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Punjab until 1993. *
Colonel Imam Brigadier Sultan Amir Tarar, best known as Colonel Imam, (died January 23, 2011) was a one-star rank army general in the Pakistan Army, and a former diplomat who served as the Consul-General of Pakistan at Herat, Afghanistan.Matinuddin, Kamal ...
– Brigadier Sultan Amir Tarar was a one-star rank
army general Army general is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System.  In countries that adopt the general officer four rank system, it is rank of general commanding an army in the field, but in coun ...
in the
Pakistan Army The Pakistan Army (, ) is the land service branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces. The roots of its modern existence trace back to the British Indian Army that ceased to exist following the Partition of British India, which occurred as a result ...
, member of the Special Service Group (SSG) of the army, and an
intelligence officer An intelligence officer is a person employed by an organization to collect, compile or analyze information (known as intelligence) which is of use to that organization. The word of ''officer'' is a working title, not a rank, used in the same way a ...
of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI).


See also

*
Chakwal Chakwal ( Punjabi and ur, ) is a city in Rawalpindi Division, Punjab province, Pakistan. It is the 66th largest city of Pakistan by population. Chakwal is located 90 kilometres south-west of the federal capital, Islamabad and 270 kilometr ...
*
Rawalpindi Division Rawalpindi Division, also known as Pothohar Division, is an administrative division of Punjab Province, Pakistan. Rawalpindi city is the capital of the division. According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the total population of division was 10 m ...
* Chakwal railway station *
North Western State Railway The North Western State Railway (NWR) was formed in January 1886 from the merger of the Scinde, Punjab & Delhi Railway, the Indus Valley State Railway, the Punjab Northern State Railway, the eastern section of the Sind–Sagar Railway and the ...
*
Districts of Pakistan The Districts of Pakistan ( ur, ); are the third-order administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 169 districts in Pakistan including the Capital T ...
* Punjab, Pakistan * Mandra–Bhaun Railway * Swaik Lake (Khandowa Lake)


References


Bibliography

*


External links

{{Authority control Districts of Punjab, Pakistan 1985 establishments in Pakistan