en, Caroline Mary Theresa Josepha of Bourbon-Parma
german: Karoline Marie Theresia Josefa von Bourbon-Parma
french: Caroline Marie Thérèse Josèphe de Bourbon-Parme , birth_date = , birth_place = Ducal Palace of Colorno, Parma , death_date = , death_place =

Dresden Castle Dresden Castle or Royal Palace (german: Dresdner Residenzschloss or ) is one of the oldest buildings in Dresden, Germany. For almost 400 years, it was the residence of the electors (1547–1806) and kings (1806–1918) of Saxony from the Alber ...

, Dresden , burial_place = Katholische Hofkirche , spouse = , issue = Princess Maria Amalie
Maria Ferdinanda, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Frederick Augustus II, King of Saxony
Prince Clemens
Maria Anna, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
John, King of Saxony
Maria Josepha Amalia, Queen of Spain , house =

Bourbon-Parma The House of Bourbon-Parma ( it, Casa di Borbone di Parma) is a cadet branch of the Spanish royal family, whose members once ruled as King of Etruria and as Duke of Parma and Piacenza, Guastalla, and Lucca. The House descended from the French C ...

, father = Ferdinand, Duke of Parma , mother = Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria , religion = Roman Catholicism Carolina Maria Teresa Giuseppa of Parma (22 November 1770 – 1 March 1804) was a Princess of Parma by birth, and Princess of Saxony by marriage to

Prince Maximilian of Saxony A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...

. Carolina was the eldest child of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, and his wife Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria.

Biography

Her full baptismal name was ''Carolina Maria Teresa Giuseppa Giovanna''. She was named after her godparents, her paternal great-uncle

Charles III of Spain it, Carlo Sebastiano di Borbone e Farnese , house = Bourbon-Anjou , father = Philip V of Spain , mother = Elisabeth Farnese , birth_date = 20 January 1716 , birth_place = Royal Alcazar of Madrid, Spain , death_da ...

and her maternal grandmother

Empress Maria Theresa Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (german: Maria Theresia; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was ruler of the Habsburg dominions from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position ''suo jure'' (in her own right). ...

. Carolina was the eldest child of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma and his wife Maria Amalia of Austria. By the time of the visit of her maternal aunt Maria Christina in Parma in 1774, she was described as a beautiful but melancholic child.Justin C. Vovk: In Destiny's Hands: Five Tragic Rulers, Children of Maria Theresa (2010) Carolina and her brother Louis were the favorites of their parents. They were personally instructed in religion by their father, despite the fact that their younger children were actually more interested in the subject than them. In 1778, her brother Luigi hit his head on a marble table while playing with Carolina, and afterward suffered from epilepsy. The mother of Carolina preferred her to marry a German prince. Reportedly, however, her marriage was not arranged. Instead, her mother introduced Carolina to Maximilian during his frequent trips to Italy, and when the Parmesan Ducal family visited Saxony in the late 1780s, Carolina was able to spend time with Maximilian and reportedly fell in love with him. Consequently, she was described as eager to marry him, and her mother Amalia gave her permission despite the fact that Maximilian was not the heir to a throne. The marriage and life of Carolina in Saxony are described as happy and harmonious. When her mother moved to Prague in 1804, she was able to have more contact with her, though she was not able to visit her before her death. Princess Carolina died of fever on March 1, 1804 in Dresden. More than two decades after, her husband married her niece

Princess Maria Luisa Carlota of Parma Maria Luisa Carlota of Parma (2 October 1802 – 18 March 1857) was a Princess of Parma and member of the House of Bourbon. She was married to Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of Saxony until his death, and had two later husbands. Biography Mari ...

Marriage and issue

On 22 April 1792 in Parma (by proxy) and on 9 May 1792 (in person), Carolina married

, fifth and youngest son of Elector

Frederick Christian of Saxony Frederick Christian (german: Friedrich Christian; 5 September 1722 – 17 December 1763) was the Prince-Elector of Saxony for fewer than three months in 1763. He was a member of the House of Wettin. He was the third but eldest surviving son of ...

. They had seven children: # Maria Amalia (b. Dresden, 10 August 1794 – d. Pillnitz, 18 September 1870), known as ''Amalia''. Had one issue

# Princess Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony, Maria Ferdinanda (b. Dresden, 27 April 1796 – d. Schloss Brandeis, Bohemia, 3 January 1865), known as ''Maria''; married on 6 May 1821 to

Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany Ferdinand is a Germanic name composed of the elements "protection", "peace" (PIE "to love, to make peace") or alternatively "journey, travel", Proto-Germanic , abstract noun from root "to fare, travel" (PIE , "to lead, pass over"), and "c ...

(father-in-law of her younger sister). Had no issue. # Frederick Augustus II (b. Dresden, 18 May 1797 – d. Brennbüchel, 9 August 1854), King of Saxony (1836). Had one illegitimate issue. # Clemens Maria Joseph (b. Dresden, 1 May 1798 – d. Pisa, 4 January 1822), known as ''Klemens''. Had no issue

# Princess Maria Anna of Saxony (1799–1832), Maria Anna (b. Dresden, 15 November 1799 – d. Pisa, 24 March 1832), known as '' Anna''; married on 16 November 1817 to

Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany Leopold II( it, Leopoldo Giovanni Giuseppe Francesco Ferdinando Carlo, german: Leopold Johann Joseph Franz Ferdinand Karl, English: ''Leopold John Joseph Francis Ferdinand Charles''. (3 October 1797 – 29 January 1870) was Grand Duke of Tusc ...

. Had three issue. #

Johann I Johann I may refer to: * Johann I Josef, Prince of Liechtenstein (1760–1836) * Johann I, Duke of Opava-Ratibor * Johann I, Count Palatine of Simmern * Johann I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken *John, Elector of Saxony (1468–1532), John the Stead ...

(b. Dresden, 12 December 1801 – d. Pillnitz, 29 October 1873), King of Saxony (1854). Had nine issue. # Maria Josepha Amalia (b. Dresden, 6 December 1803 – d. Aranjuez, 17 May 1829), known as '' Josepha''; married on 20 October 1819 to King Ferdinand VII of Spain. Had no issue.

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carolina Of Parma, Princess Princesses of Bourbon-Parma 1770 births 1804 deaths Nobility from Parma House of Bourbon-Parma Burials at Dresden Cathedral ⚭Princess Carolina of Parma