Throughout its history, the European country of

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

, changed the location of its

capital city A capital city or capital is the municipality holding primary status in a country, state, province, department, or other subnational entity, usually as its seat of the government. A capital is typically a city that physically encompasses t ...

several times.

Middle Ages

Esztergom Esztergom ( ; german: Gran; la, Solva or ; sk, Ostrihom, known by alternative names) is a city with county rights in northern Hungary, northwest of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom County, on the right bank of the river Dan ...

, from 1000 to 1256 (it was also one of the centers of the

Principality of Hungary The (Grand) Principality of HungaryS. Wise BauerThe history of the medieval world: from the conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade W. W. Norton & Company, 2010, p. 586George H. HodosThe East-Central European region: an historical outline ...

, probably from the reigns of Grand Prince Taksony or Géza) * Székesfehérvár, it often changed the capital title with Esztergom (one of the centers of the

until Stephen's crowning. Royal seats, crowning, burials, and

Hungarian Diet The Diet of Hungary or originally: Parlamentum Publicum / Parlamentum Generale ( hu, Országgyűlés) became the supreme legislative institution in the medieval kingdom of Hungary from the 1290s, and in its successor states, Royal Hungary and t ...

s took place from 1000 to 1543) * Buda, from 1256 to 1315, from 1408 to 1485 and from 1490 to 1536 (1541)Pressburg became the capital of Habsburg Hungary ( Royal Hungary) in 1536, however the

Queen Queen or QUEEN may refer to: Monarchy * Queen regnant, a female monarch of a Kingdom ** List of queens regnant * Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king * Queen dowager, the widow of a king * Queen mother, a queen dowager who is the mother ...

, the infant counter-king

John II John II may refer to: People * John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg (1455–1499) * John II Casimir Vasa of Poland (1609–1672) * John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch (died 1302) * John II Doukas of Thessaly (1303–1318) * John II Komnenos (1087–1 ...

and

George Martinuzzi George Martinuzzi, O.S.P. (born Juraj Utješenović, also known as György Martinuzzi, Brother György, Georg Utiessenovicz-Martinuzzi or György Fráter, hu, Fráter György; 1482 – 16 December 1551), was a Croatian nobleman, Pauline m ...

secured Buda until the Ottoman annexation (1541) * Temesvár (present-day Timișoara), 1315–1323Kristó Gyula - Barta János - Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , p. 687, pp. 120-121 ("1315-ben Károly a királyi székhelyet a kevésbé biztonságos Budáról a nehezen megközelíthető Temesvárra helyezte át.."/"In 1315 Charles Robert moved the royal seat from the less safety Buda to the outway Temesvár (Timișoara).", "Károly Róbert a királyi székhelyet 1323 tavaszán Temesvárról Visegrádra helyezte át."/"Charles Robert moved the royal seat from Temesvár (Timișoara) to Visegrád in the spring of 1323") *

Visegrád Visegrád (; german: Plintenburg; la, Pone Navata or ; sk, Vyšehrad) is a castle town in Pest County, Hungary. It is north of Budapest on the right bank of the Danube in the Danube Bend. It had a population of 1,864 in 2010. The town is the ...

, from 1323 to 1408 * Bécs (Vienna), from 1485 to 1490, when

Matthias Corvinus Matthias Corvinus, also called Matthias I ( hu, Hunyadi Mátyás, ro, Matia/Matei Corvin, hr, Matija/Matijaš Korvin, sk, Matej Korvín, cz, Matyáš Korvín; ), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458 to 1490. After conducting several m ...

occupied ' (Norwegian: ') is a Norwegian political thriller TV series that premiered on TV2 on 5 October 2015. Based on an original idea by Jo Nesbø, the series is co-created with Karianne Lund and Erik Skjoldbjærg. Season 2 premiered on 10 October ...

Lower Austria Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Since 1986, the capital of Lower Austria has been Sankt P ...

and put his seat to Bécs (Vienna)

Modern era

* Pressburg/Pozsony (present-day Bratislava) from 1536 to 1783 (during Ottoman occupation) * Lippa (present-day Lipova), from 1541 to 1542, capital of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom for a short time * Gyulafehérvár (present-day Alba Iulia), from 1542 to 1570, royal residence and the capital of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (it was also the centre of the latter Principality of Transylvania) * Buda, from 1783 to 1873 *

Debrecen Debrecen ( , is Hungary's second-largest city, after Budapest, the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar County. A city with county rights, it was the largest Hungarian city in the 18th century and ...

, in 1849 and in 1944 (during the

Hungarian Revolution of 1848 The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 or fully Hungarian Civic Revolution and War of Independence of 1848–1849 () was one of many European Revolutions of 1848 and was closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas. Although t ...

and at the end of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

) *

Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...

(including Buda), 1873–''present''

Capitals of Pannonia province

Note that the

Roman province The Roman provinces (Latin: ''provincia'', pl. ''provinciae'') were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was rule ...

s on the territory of today's Hungary, notably Pannonia, had other capitals. Capitals of Roman (Lower) Pannonia, located in the territory of present-day Hungary, were:

Aquincum Aquincum (, ) was an ancient city, situated on the northeastern borders of the province of Pannonia within the Roman Empire. The ruins of the city can be found today in Budapest, the capital city of Hungary. It is believed that Marcus Aurelius w ...

(today ''Óbuda''), Savaria (today ''Szombathely'') and Sopianae (today ''Pécs'').

Notes

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Historical Capitals Of Hungary Historical capitals Historical capitals of Hungary